Weed infestation has been known to cause substantial reductions in crop yields thereby obstructing sustainable agriculture (Ayeni et al., 2013). Weed competition was identified by Mbanje et al. (2001) as the most important factor for yield reduction in both commercial and communal farming in Zimbabwe. Weeds threat had forced farmers to use synthetic herbicides which have detrimental effects on the environment. Synthetic herbicides are also expensive and are not readily available for communal farmers’ use. Chemical and mechanical weed management reduce profitability in crop production since these methods are expensive. Recent efforts are being intensified on finding alternative strategies for weed management. The need for safe food production has developed steadily over the years as a result of consciousness about food quality and environmental concerns regarding agrochemicals used in agriculture. Such efforts include the use of allelochemicals which are believed to be much safer than synthetic herbicides. Crops/plants release chemicals i.e “allelochemicals” which could be utilized for …show more content…
Chemical and mechanical weed control methods are associated with many disadvantages. There is need to improve the cultural methods of weed management such as the use of allelopathy. Sorghum has allelopathic properties which reduce weed germination and growth but is not known whether different varieties produce different levels of allelochemicals. Knowing sorghum varieties with best allelepathic effects on the common weeds will help in reducing weed problems in Zimbabwe. Local studies have not shown the extent to which sorghum allelopathy can suppress germination and growth of Acanthospermum hispidum and Elusine Indica. The extent to which soil type affects allelopathic weed control has not been shown by local
There are not many workers to cut acres full weeds to make the farm look organized. So to fix the solution, farmers use chemicals to kill the weeds. This solution makes it easier for the farmers to use because the process is fast. Another problem is that there are pest such as rats, birds, and other creatures that ruins farmers product. Pest tends to enter the farm and eat the products and will come back for more. Pest can also enter the farm and ruin the farm. Killing or removing the pest is the only way to fix the solution. But removing one by one is difficult. Using chemical to remove all the pest is the best way. Same method goes to removing all the insects and bugs. Insects and bugs are feeding on vegetables and fruits. Insect and bugs can ruin vegetable and fruits because when they are feeding on the product they tend to ruin the quality of the product. No one is going to buy a lettuce that is eaten by insects or fruits that has black spots. This causes the increases of all the products from being
I don’t think that this will be very good for our environment. All of those chemicals are also dangerous for humans and animals. Consequently, the weeds will eventually grow resistance to these chemicals too. This is why we need to find another way to prevent weed infestations safely. There are multiple ways to prevent weeds such as, corn starch based film or paper mulch to help prevent weeds from growing. Another way is called cover cropping, this is a method where farmers grow other crops in between the rows such a clover and alfalfa that become living mulch and recycle nutrients back into the soil as they
Companies and researchers alternate the genetic structure of crops to withstand pesticides, non-GM weeds and insects can gradually develop a resistance to the chemicals. At this point farmers actually have to increase their use of pesticides. These practice causes weed populations to adapt to the herbicide and eventually become resistant to it. Once these superweeds emerge farmers must find a new herbicides and more potent products.
A farmer grows these soybeans which then only require one application of weed killer instead of multiple applications, reducing production cost and limiting the dangers of agricultural waste.
This report is, by no means, intended to be a comprehensive study but an indication of one part of a problem. Understanding the dimension and quality of African American overrepresentation is a first step toward resolving the problem. So, to better understand the problem and its roots, more research should be conducted which more critically explores a greater range of possible causes and subsequent outcomes and which utilizes individual student records as the primary unit of analysis. Researchers should examine more closely the decisions made by the school personnel referring the students for corporal punishment, in different districts, because it appears that race may be as much a factor in the classroom as it is in the administrator’s
One characteristic of American culture trough out the years, has been its affinity for diverse weaponry, particularly guns. However, many do not realize that America’s relationship with guns is engraved into the very frames upon which the country was established. In the eightieth century, as a means for hunting and self-conservation during the American Revolutionary War and the American Indian War, it was established with the enactment of the American Constitution that “A well-regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed”, also known as the Second Amendment. (Constitution)
In 2008 the world faced the worst financial crisis since the great depression. Many banks closed their doors for good that year. Among them were both small and large banks. One specific bank that collapsed that year was IndyMac, one of the largest banks in the United States. IndyMac marked the largest collapse of a Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insured institution since 1984, when Continental Illinois, which had $40 billion in assets, failed, according to FDIC records (“The Fall of IndyMac 2008). This paper will talk about the cause of the collapse of IndyMac in 2008, the handling of the issues, as well as the aftermath of the collapse.
Farmers have relied more and more on chemicals that are very effective in suppressing weeds.
Weeds are generally controlled best through good preplant soil preparation. Using a cover crop will not only add valuable organic matter to increase soil tilth, but many cover crops will also outcompete or suppress weeds. Cereal rye, for example, can provide significant weed control through smothering and suppression from natural herbicides produced by the rye. Other cover crops, such as hairy vetch, will add significant nitrogen to the soil and attract many beneficial insects as well. These cover crops are traditionally planted the prior year and are tilled under prior to planting your flower crop.
Many varieties of genetically engineered crops have been designed to decrease the need for chemicals, particularly pesticides. Herbicide-tolerant varieties are among the most widely used type of genetically-modified crop, which enables farmers to use a single herbicide to eradicate weeds rather than rely on a cocktail of pesticides and herbicides. Eliminating weeds in this fashion also decreases the need for soil tillage, which can negatively impact soil ecology. (Ford,
He creates an interesting view on how weeds across the United States are becoming more resistant to glyphosates and other conventional herbicides. The evolutionary process of super weeds is also discussed and why the process has happened so quickly. Since the purpose of the article is to detail the emergence of super weeds it is unbiased for the most part. However, based upon the negative portrayal of farmers choice to use glyphosates as a quick and easy weed killer, it appears to hold some bias towards herbicides, their users, and their producers. This piece is written in an easily understandable manner and would be suitable for almost any reader. It will be beneficial to use this document since it gives a general explanation of the effects glyphosates have on plants and how herbicide resistant weeds are harming the agricultural
The common methods used to manage weeds include prevention and cultural, mechanical, biological, and chemical means. Herbicides can be defined as crop- protecting chemicals used to kill weedy plants or interrupt normal plant growth. Herbicides provide a convenient, economical, and effective way to help manage weeds. They allow fields to be planted with less tillage, allow earlier planting dates, and provide additional time to perform the other tasks that farm or personal life require. Due to reduced tillage, soil erosion has been reduced from about 3.5 billion tons in 1938 to one billion tons in 1997, thus reducing soil from entering waterways and decreasing the quality of the nation’s surface water. Without herbicide use, no-till agriculture becomes impossible. However, herbicide use also carries risks that include environmental, ecological, and human health effects. It is important to understand both the benefits and disadvantages associated with chemical weed control before selecting the appropriate
When going to war one should always weigh the cost and benefits of the conflict in all its terms from loss of land and resources to death and morality. Extra care should be taken when this war is to be waged against creation, human beings themselves are of this earth. Ever since the beginning people have purposely and passively influenced nature. Now we are a powerhouse of a species spralling from sea to shining sea and our impact creates larger and larger causatums. If we are not careful this new war on weeds could help create the wave that capsulizes our species. A holistic approach to ecological management is the best way to manage weeds for a healthy ecosystem and sustainable future.
Anyone who has ever used a weed eater with a cord will definitely appreciate the Black & Decker LST136W 40V Max Lithium String Trimmer. The days of getting tangled in the cord and getting frustrated with continually stepping around the cord are over. Who likes the headache of winding the extension cord up each and every time you have to trim the lawn? Think of how much time and energy is wasted just trying to deal with this extra task. Wouldn’t it be nice to just grab your weed eater and go to work?
One concern about pesticides and herbicide usage is the amount of residues left on the end product of crops sprayed with the chemicals, and their effects on human health. (Williamson, 2007, p. 184). However, these effects are closely tested and levels are strictly regulated to ensure there is no danger from possible pesticide residues. Since 1910, many rules, regulations, and agencies have been formed to monitor the safety of the pesticides and herbicides used in conventional farming. These chemicals must meet specific safety standards in order to be registered for use, and regulations on levels of each product safe for use are also put in place. (Tafel et al.,2007, p.184). All pesticides are rigorously examined to ensure they have no significant effects on human health, or the environment. The residues in the food chain are closely monitored, and regularly tested, to ensure they are below legal limits. In a recent survey of residues