Dinosaur Fossils Research Paper

Where a fossil is found is also very important. It gives us an idea of what species lived in that area. The environment

We use fossils to compare and contrast how and organism has evolved over a long period of time and how it has adapted to new changes.

From both the title of the chapter and the introduction by Dr. Shubin, this chapter begins with a focus on teeth. Because the function of teeth is to break down food before it enters the esophagus, the different shapes of teeth can represent many different things about the organism it belongs to including what type of eater it was (carnivore, herbivore, or omnivore). Teeth are the hardest tissue (not bone) in the human body and therefore fossilize well. As Dr. Shubin stated in chapter one, there must be many points that permit a fossil to make any kind of scientific conclusion. Obviously, the state of their presence is important, so the fact that teeth preserve well allows for them to be great specimens for analysis. Dr. Shubin and his team analyzed fossilized teeth in areas as different as Nova Scotia and the Arizona desert. Studying different fossils in these diverse regions allowed the team to see that mammalian and reptilian teeth are very different. For example, mammalian teeth differ from organism to organism to fit with the organisms need (Cheetahs that eat only meat will have different teeth than deer who are herbivores) and are replaced only once in the lifetime of the organism while reptilian teeth are usually sharp and are constantly replaced if damaged. These differences allowed scientists to characterize fossils as either a reptile or a mammal. Similar to Tiktaalik discussed in chapter one, the discovery of fossils that were part reptile and part mammal allowed the researchers to see that mammals evolved from reptiles, and further supported the theory of evolution. Further studies yielded even more

The beginning of the Jurassic brought a new climate. The weather changed from arid, dry, and seasonal to humid, hot, and stable. The weather allowed for lush jungles to flourish, and with the lush jungles, the dinosaurs. The weather change was due to the supercontinent Pangea breaking apart. Two new smaller supercontinents were formed, Gondwana and Laurasia. The supercontinents now had more area that was touching the ocean. This meant the water from the ocean made the supercontinents more humid than before. The dinosaurs thrived in this climate. New species are being discovered to this day from the Jurassic Period due to the immense diversity amongst them.

The skeletal characteristics of these hominines suggest that their mode of locomotion was likely a cross between occasional bipedalism and obligate bipedalism. From the reading we have learned that obligate bipedalism is bipedal locomotion that is practiced all of the time while occasional bipedalism is bipedalism that is practiced on occasion. The ratio of arm length to leg length (longer arms) suggests that they did spend time climbing trees, however the cranial and post cranial traits of these fossils suggest that they spent much of their time on the ground and likely ambulating bipedally combined with a variation of upright walking and knuckle walking. This is evidenced by two factors: the fact the foramen magnum of the skull is centrally located, and the ratio of arm to leg length. In creatures with bipedal ambulation, the foramen magnum is located in the center of the base of the skull to keep the head aligned over the center of gravity of the creature. If the fossils were walking primarily with their knuckles, the

I think that we shouldn’t create a chickenosaurus because it can be somewhat dangerous to other people or living organisms due to it transforming into a dino-like creature it will also receive having a dino’s personality that is wild and dangerous. The chickenosaurus can be too aggressive because it had been modified into more of a instinctive animal that tries to live or survive from long ago. It also can be trained for the worse, it can be used for destruction due to people wanting to own something like a place, People like corrupted people can re-create a chicken for their own personal use like for inappropriate things or bad things. If it is trained nicely it can also still be turned too the worse if the chickenosaurus doesn’t deserve or

I stopped getting bored of the book once he talked about his trip in the Artic. It finally felt like we were going somewhere. It is crazy how they can pinpoint a location where they would have a better chance of finding what they are looking for. This again is another think I cannot wrap my head around. If you don’t know where something is, it would seem difficult to find a location that will have a probable chance of succeeding. If it were me I am sure I would be like some sort of grave digger, digging holes all over the place. Maybe even that guy you find at the beach with a metal detector surveying everything. I suppose that’s the reason I’m not a paleontologist then.

The article that I chose for this assignment is about the recent discovery/confirmation of the first known dinosaur which lived and thrived in the water. The Spinosaurus aegyptiacus was found and collected by Dr. Nizar Ibrahim from the University of Chicago. Ibrahim along with his colleague Dr. Paul Sereno determined that based on the fossil discovered that the specimen was a swimming dinosaur. Technically, the bones of Spinosaurs were first discovered 100 years ago by a German paleontologist in Egypt. However, these bones were only a sample of the full skeleton and they were stored in a museum in Munich, Germany which was later bombed by the Allies during World War II; thus

Once upon a time there was a kid,and the kids name was Kobe. Kobe was invited to an island called jurassic park where he can see all kinds of dinosaurs. So Kobe decided that it was time to get out of the house and go to this island called jurassic park. So Kobe went on a helicopter and went to the island that is called jurassic park. A few hours later Kobe had finally had made it to jurassic park where he can see all of the dinosaurs. Kobe then was excited to all of the dinosaurs but the main dinosaur that Kobe wanted to see was the T-Rex. Then Kobe went on a tour of the park to see each and every dinosaur in the whole park. The first dinosaur was the Dilophosaurus.

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Females for the nourishment of the young could define a mammal as a warm-blooded vertebrate animal of a class that is distinguished by the possession of hair or fur, the secretion of milk. The roots of the mammalian line reach back almost 300 million years. Some of the very early mammal relatives dominated the landscape millions of years before dinosaurs appeared, and most of these species became extinct. During the age of dinosaurs, most mammals were not much bigger than small rodents. It was after the extinction of the large dinosaurs that the great diversity of mammals arose. The timeline in this hall displays the development of such key mammalian physical features as the synapsid opening in the skull, a large hole behind the eye socket

Lisa Randall, a cosmologist who studied at Harvard, affirms on her theory that sixty-¬six million years ago, based on her dark-matter disk model, a miniscule tic, caused by an invisible force in the distant reaches of the cosmos, threw a comet three times the width of Manhattan towards the Earth at about 38,500 miles per hour. The crash created the most powerful earthquake of all time and released energy a billion times that of an atomic bomb, like a burning incinerator, the atmosphere dramatically heated and killed three-quarters of life on Earth. As a result, creatures less than 55 pounds survived; among them were some dinosaurs: the Microraptor that stood about 16 inches, the Theropod which averaged about two feet long and weighed about seven pounds and the Saltopus, also standing about two feet. As you might know, ordinary matter contains an

Archaeologist and researchers have discovered a dinosaur fossil tail that has feathers on it preserved in amber. In her article Dinosaur tail preserved in amber — feathers and all, Meghan Rosen (2017) states, “The golden chunk of amber is 99 million years old. Inside sits something extraordinary. It’s a tiny dinosaur tail — with pristinely preserved feathers.” Since they found one dinosaur fossil with feathers on it there is bound to be more. Because we don’t know what dinosaurs actually looked like, this could tell us that they had feather on them. There has been feathers from this time period before but just didn’t contain dinosaurs fossils, but this one did contain feathers from a dinosaur (Meghan Rosen, 2017). The

Fossils provide scientists with so much information. While paleontologists obviously have a primary interest in them, geologists and many other types of scientists learn from them as well. In 1947, a geologist named Reginald C. Sprigg found impressions of jellyfish near Australia. He wrote about his discovery in a paper and labeled them as Early Cambrian. This is a time when most groups of animals were “entering the scene”. Surprisingly, he later found that they were from even before this time. The particular ones he found were called “Ediacara biota”. Upon being studied by peers, they found, “The biota is now known to have existed from 600 to 540 million years ago”.

The Diplodocus emerged, 155.7 to 150.8 million years ago, during the Late Jurassic period and primarily roamed Western North America (Gee et al., 2003). First discovered in Cañon City, Colorado in 1877 by Samuel Wendell Williston, the partial Diplodocus fossils, hind limb and tail vertebras, indicated an unusual body construction with two rows of chevron bones on the underside of its tail. Due to this unique skeleton, in 1878, paleontologist Othniel C. Marsh coined its name – Diplodocus: “diplos” meaning “double” and “dokos” meaning “beam” (Norman et al., 1985).