Symptoms
The primary features of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder include inattention and hyperactive-impulsive behavior. ADHD symptoms start before age 12, and in some children, they're noticeable as early as 3 years of age. ADHD symptoms can be mild, moderate or severe, and they may continue into adulthood.
ADHD occurs more often in males than in females, and behaviors can be different in boys and girls. For example, boys may be more hyperactive and girls may tend to be quietly inattentive.
There are three subtypes of ADHD:
Predominantly inattentive. The majority of symptoms fall under inattention.
Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive. The majority of symptoms are hyperactive and impulsive.
Combined. The most common type in the
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ADHD
Most healthy children are inattentive, hyperactive or impulsive at one time or another. It's normal for preschoolers to have short attention spans and be unable to stick with one activity for long. Even in older children and teenagers, attention span often depends on the level of interest.
The same is true of hyperactivity. Young children are naturally energetic — they often are still full of energy long after they've worn their parents out. In addition, some children just naturally have a higher activity level than others do. Children should never be classified as having ADHD just because they're different from their friends or siblings.
Children who have problems in school but get along well at home or with friends are likely struggling with something other than ADHD. The same is true of children who are hyperactive or inattentive at home, but whose schoolwork and friendships remain unaffected.
When to see a
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Many issues in childhood can lead to difficulty sustaining attention, but that's not the same as ADHD.
Complications
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder can make life difficult for children. Children with ADHD:
Often struggle in the classroom, which can lead to academic failure and judgment by other children and adults
Tend to have more accidents and injuries of all kinds than do children who don't have ADHD
Tend to have poor self-esteem
Are more likely to have trouble interacting with and being accepted by peers and adults
Are at increased risk of alcohol and drug abuse and other delinquent behavior
Coexisting conditions
ADHD doesn't cause other psychological or developmental problems. However, children with ADHD are more likely than others to also have conditions such as:
Learning disabilities, including problems with understanding and communicating
Anxiety disorders, which may cause overwhelming worry, nervousness
Depression, which frequently occurs in children with
"ADHD rates increased with age, with youth 9 years and older 2.5 times more likely to have an ADHD diagnosis as compared with younger youth" (Lesesne, 2007). As children get older, they start to notice difficulties and usually what makes those things difficult, in which they bring these faults to light and relate them to ADHD. Children in the 9 years old and older age group are more vocal about their problems pertaining to attention and avid on being treated which causes over diagnosis as children are pushing for it as well. "Similarly, the prevalence of ADHD is known to vary with age. For example, three studies have shown decreases in prevalence with increasing age over the range 10-20 years (22), 8-15 years (23), and 6-14 years (24)" (Biederman, 2002). It is natural for people to mature and leave their hyper behaviors behind them as they get older, which supports ADHD being less prevalent as people age because symptoms fade as development continues. "Not all children with ADHD are hyperactive. But if a child is, it will show during the school-age years. You may notice other symptoms, too. He may be unable to focus, and he may have trouble making good decisions or planning things" (Wait, 2005). Yes, a child can have ADHD without being hyperactive; however, hyperactivity is arguably the most recognizable component of ADHD and without it makes it hard to notice a child has the disorder. Children of school age, especially elementary, are hyper and have difficulties staying still and paying attention because they are not used to such demands and are developing the capita to meet these demands. Evidence of ADHD prevalence in specific age groups and the decline in prevalence as age increases proves that ADHD, especially in children, is over
ADHD is a very common neurodevelopment disorder of childhood. It is usually diagnosed in late childhood, around the age of seven by the teachers. The symptoms are typical during ages 3-6 and if not treated properly becomes chronic and persists even after entering adulthood. Children with ADHD may have trouble paying attention, staying organized and controlling impulsive behaviors. It is very difficult to diagnose and when undiagnosed the children can grow to be mislabeled as trouble makers in their adulthood.
While the cause of ADHD is not exactly clear, there are some different ideas of what could cause or help develop it. Genetics, one’s environment, and the development of the person could all be causes of ADHD(“Mayo Clinic”). ADHD can run in a family, so some people could develop it from their parents and the genes that get passed down from them. If one is exposed to lead, it could heighten the chances of
Children with ADHD may be hyperactive and unable control their impulses. Or they may have trouble paying attention. These behaviors interfere with school and home life.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder otherwise known as ADHD is a common condition that affects kids and can continue into adulthood. Some of the effects of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are problems paying attention, unable to follow directions, and easily bored or frustrated with any tasks. These types of behaviors are generally common in children, but they occur more often than usual and are more severe in children with ADHD. The behaviors that are common with ADHD interfere with a child's ability to function at school and at home when they need to be paying attention. Adults with ADHD have a difficult time with organizational skills, goal setting, time management, and employment. They may also have problems with relationships, self-esteem, and addictions.
Attention Deficit with hyper activity Disorder commonly known as ADHD is classified as a disruptive behavior disorder usually diagnosed in childhood. ADHD is the most commonly diagnosed behavior disorder of childhood. It appears to be more common in boys than it is girls. This Disorder is more common in boys than in girls and approximately five in one hundred children are affected (Busing). There are three subtypes: Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive, predominantly inattentive, combined hyperactive-impulsive and inattentive (most children have the combined type of ADHD)(nimh.nih.gov).The age of onset of ADHD is usually in preschool to early elementary school years.
ADHD classifies as a congenital disorder and directly modifies the brain’s functions, including impairments in concentration, emotional regulation, memory, organization and other mental abilities under cognitive function.
ADHD can develop into more serious disorder, which is harder to tackle as a parent. Oppositional Defiant Disorder is another disorder, which is usually seen in boys. This is where the child will act in a very violent way towards his parent of someone who is older that are dominant in their lives, the child, in this case, will act stubborn sometimes doing things just to make others mad and out of the ordinary. Another example is Conduct Disorder; this can be seen in about 20 percent of children who are diagnosed with ADHD. Conduct Disorder is more serious as it involves the child bullying other children, lying and or stealing, destroying personal property. Kids suffering with Conduct Disorder are more likely to involve in risky behaviors such
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurological disorder and is mainly diagnosed in childhood, although it can carry on into adulthood. ADHD often occurs in more in males than females. A child with ADHD might daydream, forget or lose things, fidget, talk too much, and having trouble socializing. School can be very challenging for a child with ADHD. A child with ADHD may have trouble concentrating in school, have difficulties reading and writing, and have trouble making friends and socializing.
ADHD is a symptom that can affect every one of all ages and genders, even people without this disorder. Although it may affect the person with ADHD much more severely than others, the people around him or her can be negatively affected as well. People with ADHD may be hated and ignored because of their disorder. In our world today, if one has a certain disorder, they will most likely be rejected from the rest of the crowd. This can lead to further troubles such as depression. ADHD is something that can annoy people in the surrounding environment. The negative correlations and effects ADHD brings along affects many people in multiple ways.
Langberg, Epstein, Urbanowicz, Simon, and Graham (2008) is in agreement with Smith et al. (1998) that children with ADHD will display off tasks, impulsive, and disruptive behaviors in the classroom (Langberg, Epstein, Urbanowicz, Simon, & Graham, 2008). Also, Raggi and Chronis (2006) state that academic difficulties for children and adolescents with ADHD include failure to complete homework, poor comprehension of material, poor study skills, low test and quiz grades, poor preparation for class, disruptive behavior, peer conflict, and conflict with teachers (Raggi & Chronis, 2006). Adolescents can also experience new sets of problems due to physical and social maturity such as automobile accidents, traffic tickets, difficulty in romantic relationships, vocational problems, and substance use and abuse (Evans, Timmins, Sibley, White, Serpell, & Schultz, 2006). Although these problems usually do not occur until high school, these negative outcomes usually start in middle school (Evans, Timmins, Sibley, White, Serpell, & Schultz, 2006). Children and adolescents with symptoms of hyperactivity can have an effect on their academic functioning such as difficulty staying seated in the classroom; excessive fidgeting; greater touching of objects; and playing noisily (Raggi & Chronis, 2006). Negative consequences can occur because of hyperactivity such as increased discipline and negative teacher attributions in the classroom and lower
KIds with ADHD face a lot of challenges.A Challenge that is very common are learning Disabilities .It affects their way of learning because they are constantly distracted by noises in other students in their classrooms.THe most common learning disabilities are Dyslexia ,Dyscalculia,Dysgraphia,and Non-verbal disabilities these learning disabilities have an effect on a lot of people.An additional challenge is challenges with there sociasl skills.It affec ts there social skills because of there mood swings and
Families who have children with ADHD often experience much higher anxiety and stress levels. A large number of children, almost half, will exhibit signs of ADHD by the age of four. However, most children are not diagnosed until he or she reaches elementary school. The behaviors that are associated with ADHD in children put them at risk for a host of other problems and complications such as completing their education, alcohol and other drug abuse, and an increased risk for delinquency. There has been much research on ADHD in recent years and many different types of medications and interventions have proven to be quite helpful. With the proper diagnosis and treatment, children with ADHD can learn to cope with the daily demands of the classroom, social situations, family interactions, and life in general.
ADHD affects eight to ten percent of school aged children and - even though specialists cannot figure out why - boys are three times more likely than girls to be diagnosed (Kingsley, MD). Teachers are normally the first to see a difference since they can compare that child to other children in the class. Michigan State University states that sixty percent of children that are diagnosed with ADHD are one of the youngest in their class. They stand out more considering that they’re not as mature as their classmates. “Many ADHD diagnoses may be driven by teachers' perceptions of poor behavior among the youngest children in a kindergarten classroom," Paddock states. "But these 'symptoms' may merely reflect emotional or intellectual immaturity among the youngest students." (Paddock)
attention often remain. “More than half of kids who have ADHD will continue to notice