After the researches, we had decided to choose the Islamic insurance, Takaful as our Islamic financial instrument and Conventional Insurance as the conventional product for comparison. The first fatwa that explicitly prohibited profitmaking insurance in its modern application and its related activities was made by Ibn Abdeen (a Syrian Scholar) in 1834. While opinions are vary among Muslim scholars, the overwhelming majority of them have concluded that conventional insurance contracts are unacceptable to Islam. There are a number of significant differences between both of these. Therefore, we will first compare by using the structured table as below.
The first difference would be the contract difference between Takaful and conventional insurance.
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Meaning, the operator is not selling risk coverage to participant and the participant himself is not buying any risk coverage from the operator. Operator is playing the role of fund manager on behalf of the participant. However, the risk is distributed among the participants who agreed to jointly assume the risk and operator is not undertaking risk. In essence, Islam does not reject the concepts of insurance. Most of the Muslim jurists agree that insurance which is based on the concept of pooling of losses does not contradict with the Shariah. Compensation to an unfortunate member and group responsibility is not only accepted but encouraged in Islam. On the contrary, there is a contract between two parties in conventional insurance where the risk is transfer from the insured to the insurer. The contract works when the first party agrees to undertake the risk of the other party in exchange of premium. Also, the other party promises to pay a fixed amount of money to the first party on the happening of indeterminate event with in a specific duration stated in
In chapter four of Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck, The stable hand Crooks is further described and the theme of loneliness and powerlessness is shown. Crooks originally seemed quiet and distant, but that was because the only time he was written about was when he was by the white ranchmen, who have authority over him. Since he is shown in his domain in this chapter, it is revealed that he is a tidy and is a thick-skinned realist. When Lennie tries to intrude, Crooks tries to kick him out stating that he was the only one with rights to that room and that he needed to leave because of that. Later on he eases up and allows Lennie in his room and they talk about George and Lennie’s future home and the pups.
Insurance comes in many forms such as life, health, homeowners, automobiles, and many more. There are reasons for the variety of branches and types of insurance; in case a catastrophe hits, everyone would be
This incident that occurred is known as “dead peasants insurance” which Sandel, the author of this book and a professor at Harvard University, discusses throughout this book. The book focuses on the study of “the moral limits of markets” which means infringement of market values may develop the character of an industry. Throughout the book, Sandel shows that life insurance is gradually pursuing corrupt acts, possibly betting against other people’s lives. Life insurance was originally created so
Insurance permits individuals and companies to protect themselves from loss or damages caused by an event that is not of their control. This guideline is the rule that an insurer's obligation to defend a guaranteed is more extensive than its obligation to reimburse. In addition, an insurer may owe an obligation to defend its protected against a claim in which no damages are granted, and any uncertainty in the matter of whether the facts support an obligation to defend. Normally duty to defend is in favor of the insured.
Insurance is defined as protection against a possible loss and we obtain this by purchasing a policy
Purchasing life insurance would ensure that beneficiaries can receive indemnity from the death of the insured. For business owners, many of them owe their great success to some key employees in their companies who can discover new segmented markets, create groundbreaking products and maintain close relationships with big customers; therefore, the death of key employees would cause a dramatic profit decrease. To redeem the loss of the firm and search for suitable substitutes, business owners purchase life insurance for key employees. Moreover, for parents and spouses, they purchase insurance to acquire the promise of a financial fresh start after the death of the insured. According to the Capital Needs Worksheet, a large amount of money are needed to cover the expense of a decent funeral and the debt. In that case, life insurance meets the fund demand by providing death proceeds,
Engendering a vast array of undesirable outcomes, including setting into motion a host of unpredictable collateral damage akin to falling dominoes, one poorly orchestrated strategic decision gone awry can have far-reaching effects. Even the best-laid plans can become casualties of immitigable disruption, disaster or destruction. And for this reason, the insurance industry retains significant influence around the globe by fiscally protecting people and entities on a broad range of applications covering healthcare, infrastructure, intellectual property and even errors made by third-parties. Part of risk mitigation strategies, insurances serve their customers well as an indemnifier. However, they don’t guarantee an outcome. Nor would they somehow reverse devouring years of someone’s life, destroying their
Bermuda -based as the perfect location for Takaful and Re-takaful opportunities in the Islamic finance sector and work progressively to ensure that both sectors are successfully implemented and used in country. Bermuda has made significant contributions to the Takaful and Re-takaful sector and specializes in the field of Islamic finance in country. Bermuda has earned its place as the largest offshore reinsurance and insurance domicile in the world that provides investors and business professionals with a platform to explore key Shariah- compliant insurance sector.
Becoming an expert in Islamic economics and finance field is one of my long-term goals in life. I started to organize and made a plan towards achieving that dream since senior high school. The concern towards Islamic economics and finance concept, and its application for society and the country began when I was reading a book entitled Islamic banking-theory and practice. After finishing reading the book, my interest in Islamic economic and finance topics rose and strengthen my own determination to become the expert of Islamic economics and finance. The main principle of Islamic economics and finance which offers the just and ethics in economic activity, poverty alleviation through income distribution mechanism, and prevention of economic and
The purpose for this paper is to discuss the importance of transferring risk of one’s assets regarding personal assets through the use of the many insurance models available in today’s market. There will be a discussion of what insurance is and what it represents to those insured. Following will be an explanation of the various insurance models available including whole life, term life, variable life, universal life, and index life programs. All of which are good viable options depending on the needs of potential insurance clients. Also included in the explanation will be the advantages and disadvantages of each insurance option. Finally, there will be a brief summary of the various insurance options and their final outcomes in protecting the policy holder’s family and their future.
The main difficulties of applying IFRS in Islamic countries are driven by the difference treatments of interest. Under the conventional accounting, the interest is charged commonly as compensation to the lender, while under the Islamic law, Riba, which refers to the interest, is forbidden and considered as a major sin. Prohibition on charging interest gives rise to several different treatments in Shariah-compliant companies. For instance, in Islamic banking, due to the fact that the interest is forbidden with lending or depositing of capital, in order to prevent the default, the bank may ask for strict collateral, which refers to the concept of Murabahah. In general, Shariah-compliant companies conduct on the risk-sharing principle, while the traditional accounting is more rely on risk-transfer. (PwC,
In life, losses are sometimes unavoidable. People may become ill and lose income or savings to pay off medical bills. Individuals or their relatives may die of illness or accidents. People’s homes or other property may suffer damage or theft. All these activities in the environment of man are subject to the risk of loss from unforeseen events. To lessen this burden on humans, insurance companies are formed and existed for decades with a common goal of pooling related risks and offering a cushion to the unforeseen circumstances. To expand the coverage of life insurance products, life insurance companies have recently begun offering complex policies with embedded options. Among them is the participating policies with interest rate guarantees and surrender options. Bacinello (2001), defined participating policy as a contract in which the policyholder is entitled to a share of the excess profit if the realized interest rate during the insurance period is above the assumed interest rate. The policy mechanism enables the insured to receive dividends (bonuses) in addition to the assured payments implied by the guaranteed interest rate. Owing to the existence of the interest rate guarantee, the policy has some features that resembles the European call options. This property is included in most real-life life insurance contracts in Ghana. There are numerous ways in which this profit-sharing is realized. The usual approach is to
Apart from General takaful, wakalah model was applied in takaful family. In this model, the contribution of revenue from the contributions and contributions are divided into investment accounts (PIF), the risk of Accounts (PRF) and also wakalah fees. The division between the PIF, PRF and wakalah fees are based on the value or rate agreed in the contract. Fee income for the operator wakalah is based on the concept of al-Wakala bi al-Ajr and budget management. PIF and surplus funds in the PRF will be invested in instruments of government of Islam, Islamic private debt securities and equity, fixed assets, cash accounts and investment accounts.
As all know, Insurance has existed for many decades and centuries. In the first place, it has existed as a business in the market and as a preparation for the human who are in need for them to face any loss. But, unfortunately, it does not comply with the rules and requirement of Shariah in Islam. Thus, Takaful or Islamic Insurance is introduced to help people in need as a counterpart of insurance. Besides, scholars have agreed that protections following to Shariah must be based on the concept of Islamic Takaful. Regards of Takaful, the word Takaful is derived from the Arabic word ‘kafala’ which means a guarantee, bail, warrant or an act of securing one’s need. In other words, it is a pact of guarantee in a group of individual to sustain any loss or damage they faced.
The differences of takaful's certificate between Motorcycle Policy, Personal Accident Policy, Burglary Policy and Fire Policy.