Diabetes : A Common Chronic Disease

This diabetes power point was presented at an adult community center in Queens, New York called QCP. This power point highlights the importance of educating yourself on disease and more specifically diabetes. Unlike other diseases that can be managed using only medication, diabetes requires day to day knowledge of the disease including nutrition, exercise and different levels of medication. Type II diabetes can also come on later in life based on diet and exercise or lack thereof. Therefore this power point presentation was important to help people understand how to deal with diabetes and how to prevent diabetes.

First let’s establish what diabetes is. Diabetes is a disease that affects how the body uses Glucose, the main type of sugar in the blood. The body takes in and breaks down foods into glucose and others sugars that are needed to fuel the body functions. The Glucose level in the blood rises after a meal and triggers the Pancreas to make the hormone Insulin and release it into the bloodstream. But when it comes to people with diabetes, the body can’t make or respond to insulin properly.

First of all, what is Diabetes? ”Diabetes is a disease in which the body fails to produce or properly use insulin.” (Davis 3) In other words, when we ate food, the food travels to the stomach. Food is made of three essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins and fats. During normal digestion carbohydrates are break down in sugar as named glucose. The glucose travels from the stomach to the bloodstream to be entered to the muscle and the fat cells. However, glucose needs the help of the hormone insulin which it is produce for the pancreas with this help the glucose enter to the cell. Glucose serve as fuel provided energy to the body. This is how the body controls the concentration of sugar in the bloodstream. But, if the sugars enter to the bloodstream and the insulin is not enough then the sugars build up in the bloodstream and the (need citation)

Introduction Diabetes is a disease that affects many people in a community and if not diagnosed and managed properly, can lead to other comorbidities. There is help for those who are diabetic, from resources and education provided from the health care field to all organizations in the community. One organization, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) does this job. The goals, mission, funding, as well as who is helped and how they are helped, along with and all services and education pertaining to diabetes are well presented throughout the ADA website. Prevention is the better choice, but knowledge of lifestyle changes can have a great impact on managing and preventing this disease and may lower the chances of associated comorbidities.

Diabetes is a chronic illness that requires continuous medical care and patient self-management education to prevent acute complications and to reduce the risk of long-term complications[ ].

Diabetes Overview - While modern lifestyles and medical care have certainly improved the longevity of humans in the developed world, and contributed to a greater quality of life scenario, those same lifestyles have engendered a number of issues that contribute to disease. Lack of proper diet, fast food, high fat and carbohydrate diets without adequate fruits and vegetables, lack of exercise, smoking and alcohol contribute to an epidemic of obesity which, in turn, contributes to a serious metabolic disorder called Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. While not managed by insulin injections, it is nevertheless quite serious and has a number of progressing symptoms that, if not treated properly, can result in cardiovascular, renal and neurological problems, as well as amputation, ocular issues, and even cognitive dysfunction.

Nearly everyone knows somebody who has diabetes. An estimated 16 million people in the United States have diabetes and more than one third are not aware that they have the disease. Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death by disease in the United States (1). Education about diabetes is necessary to understanding the disease progression and to prevent its complications. A diagnosis with diabetes may cause changes in people’s lives. One cannot just look at a diabetic and understand the things that they go through on a daily basis.

Just about every five minutes two people die of diabetes related causes and 16 people are newly diagnosed with the disease (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2015). Diabetes is becoming an increasingly prevalent disease, especially type 2, due to the fact that the United States population is at high risk for obesity. Type 2 diabetes is when the pancreas suffers a decline in beta cell efficiency therefore disallowing insulin to be produced at the level necessary for its metabolic function (CDC, 2015). As the incidence of diabetes increases, a positive correlation can be observed in increased risk of cardiovascular disease. According to the Centers for Disease Control (2012), in the 2011 population of people diagnosed with diabetes there were five million people with coronary artery disease, about two million who had a stroke, about 4 million diagnosed with another heart disease or condition, and about eight million diagnosed with heart disease or who have had a stroke. A person with diabetes is twice as likely to develop cardiovascular disease than a person who does not have diabetes (National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse [NDIC], 2005). The numbers of people being diagnosed with cardiovascular disease due to increased risk from already having diabetes is alarming and is a major burden of diabetes. Having diabetes affects the patient in many ways but the addition of cardiovascular disease only complicates the disease and the management of it for the

Diabetes is a chronic condition involving glucose in the blood. It is caused by a problem in the way the body makes or uses insulin. Insulin, a hormone that is necessary for glucose to move from the blood to the inside of the cells. The body cannot use the insulin for energy if it cannot get into the cells. Diabetes occurs when the body has too much blood glucose due to either the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or the body cannot effectively use the insulin produced.

Diabetes is an endocrine disorder characterized by elevated glucose due to insulin resistance or deficiency. About 29.1 million people in America are reported to have diabetes with the highest prevalence occurring in men; about 25.9% of adults 65 years and older have diabetes.1 Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is the most common type of diabetes, often due to insulin resistance. Metformin is the treatment of choice in patients with T2DM, a second agent such as a sulfonylurea is added to metformin in patients who are not at goal or unable to tolerate metformin therapy. According to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) guidelines, the choice of a second agent should be based on a patient-centered approach to include efficacy, safety, the effect on

Diabetes is a condition where an individual does not produce enough or is not receptive to the vital hormone insulin. Without this hormone, the body is unable to access the energy obtained from food. Insulin acts as a messenger to cells, signaling them to accept and use glucose. Glucose is the body’s preferred source of fuel, and it is found in foods such as grain products, fruits, vegetables, and dairy. When insulin production slows or stops, glucose cannot enter cells to be used for energy, and instead remains in the blood. High blood glucose levels can cause damage to the nerves, internal organs such as the heart or the kidneys, and even the eyes and lower extremities.

It is a group of diseases where a person’s body is unable to produce enough insulin to combat the rise of blood sugar. Sugar (glucose) is a vital source of energy for our body and is the “main source of fuel” of our brain (“Mayoclinic,” n.d.). As the body detects an increase in blood sugar, the pancreas releases a hormone called insulin, to keep the body’s blood sugar level maintained. A rise in blood sugar would allow the pancreas to release insulin into the bloodstream, where it acts as a key that would unlock the cell and allow glucose to enter and be used as a source of energy (“Mayoclinic,” n.d.). It would then lower the blood sugar level and maintain it in a stable level. However, in the case of a person that has diabetes, the body is unable to control the blood sugar causing the patient to have hyperglycemia, high blood sugar, and/or sometimes hypoglycemia, low blood sugar (“Mayoclinic,” n.d.). There are different types of Diabetes Mellitus but there are three that are prevalent in society today, which are Type 1, Type 2, and Gestational Diabetes.

1. Once known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes or adult-onset, type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes that unfortunately many can be diagnose with at any age, even during childhood. In fact this disability has been known to affect 90% to 95% of the 26 million people who have diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is a chronic or lifelong condition that affects the way the body produces, maintains, and consumes glucose (sugar) which is the body’s most important fuel. While having type 2 diabetes the body will either not produce enough insulin to maintain a normal glucose level or just resist the effects of insulin all together. Once this occurs glucose can’t get into the body’s cells which leads to a buildup in the blood that will make the body’s cells not function properly. This issue associated with the buildup can cause many complications that can be harmful to the body or even life threatening. (Type 2 diabetes WebMd)

One of the most common illnesses in the world, diabetes is characterized as hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance or lack of insulin production (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). Normally, insulin produced by the pancreas is transported from bloodstream to the body cells or stored by the liver in the form of glycogen in order to balance blood glucose level. In people with type II diabetes, blood glucose remains in the blood due to insulin resistance, thereby resulting in hyperglycemia. Type II diabetes consists of about 90-95% of all the diabetic population in the US (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). High cases of type II diabetes are common in people over the age of 45 ("Diagnoses of diabetes," 2012).

Diabetes is a disease that occurs when an individual’s blood sugar or glucose is too high for their body to accommodate (5). Blood sugar is responsible for energy production within the body and is produced from the food that a person consumes every day. There is a hormone, called Insulin, that helps aid the body in breaking down glucose in order to make energy. However, sometimes, the pancreas (where Insulin is made) cannot produce enough,