Dbq Nomads

After 1000 C.E., a lot of nomadic invasions were occurring. Most of what the nomadic people did was weighed as either positive or negative. The part where they actually came in and invaded the different states was considered the negative side of their invasions. They actually got a hold of several states and that lead to the collapse of many of the well-known empires such as, “the song empire in China and the Abbasid caliphate in southwest Asia” (Bentley 360). On the other hand, besides from the cold-blooded invasions that lead to several states collapsing, there was a positive side. The positive side was that they helped build connection between people from different the cultural backgrounds and various social order as well. They had the ability to do this through trading amongst the people. This was a positive aspect of the nomadic invasions because it helped increased a vast network of trading that stimulated cross-cultural communications. So not

It brought growing population, expanded villages, animal diseases, horse drawn carriages, cities, states, empires, civilizations, books, and writing.

The ancient cultures of Mesopotamia and Egypt develop into successful civilizations by having floods from the nile river that provided water, food and fertile area in the middle of the desert as document 1 states. In document 2 it says that they also had rivers that provided many resources such as transportation, trade as well as plants, the rivers were surrounded by deserts.

During the years of 3500 BC to 2500 BC, the geography of a land often impacted a civilizations development in great measures. Depending on the resources available or the detriments present due to certain topographical characteristics like rivers or deserts, a civilization could flourish or collapse. By studying the geographic features of growing societies like the Nile, Euphrates, and Tigris Rivers as well as the Mediterranean Sea of Egypt and Mesopotamia, the link between developing cultures and geography will be examined through sources, including Egypt: Ancient Culture, Modern Land edited by Jaromir Malek and Babylon: Mesopotamia and the Birth of Civilization by Paul Kriwaczek. To determine the extent

Stretching across ten countries and spanning over four thousand miles, the Nile River became the heart of Egyptian civilization. The lower (northern) Nile overflowed its banks several months out of the year before the creation of the Aswan High Dam in 1970. When the floodwaters receded, they left a new layer of rich silt behind, making the surrounding valley and delta a fertile and desirable habitat. As early as 8000 BCE, the people who inhabited the valley of the world’s longest river became relatively sedentary and in 5000 BCE they adopted the agricultural village life commonly associated with Neolithic culture. Throughout the Predynastic period, the North African climate was immensely dry. In order to combat this problem, many villages formed alliances that worked to control the river’s flow. Over time, these small federations of villages conquered and absorbed other weaker ones. As communities grew into chiefdoms, they began to advance rapidly toward refined civilization shortly after 3600 BCE.

Ancient Egyptian and Mesopotamian agricultural lives were highly differentiated due to their contrasting geographical situations, and also differences in technological processes and developments. Only a small area of Egyptian land (the Delta and Nile Valley) was fertile during the annual inundation of the river Nile. Moreover, harsh natural circumstances created a famine risk for the entire population, thus restricting the freedom to decide for a common citizen. To illustrate, an uneven spillage of the river Nile, when there were insufficient water resources for the agriculture or floods threatening corps, required a unified, or communal, water regulation and distributional system. So, a

3 major migrations occurred during this time, the indo-European migration, the Bantu migration, and the Austronesian migration. These migrations started in Asia, Africa, and Oceania respectively. For technologies, the invention of agriculture demanded technology to help with cultivating. With ample food, empires were able to gather large armies, which used the newly found iron to arm. The Chinese improved the crossbow, and the Egyptians enjoyed the use of the war chariot, with horses given by the Aryans, and chariots by the Nubians. Diseases were not super evident during this time, but some believe that in Oceania and Mesoamerica some disease could be

Known as the “cradle of civilization”, the ancient civilization of Mesopotamia was the first known society that began near rivers. The Tigris and Euphrates were natural barriers as well as a source of maintenance for a growth in population. The rivers served as a source throughout the Fertile Crescent within Mesopotamia. These rivers provided a means of transportation which ultimately led to trading and it had fertile soil. Through trading with other civilizations such as Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, the economy of Mesopotamia would flourish as well as incorporate cultural diffusion. Settlements were mostly situated along the river banks since the land was more fertile. The Sumerians were one set of people who occupied Mesopotamia in Sumer. The two rivers were able to help them to have urbanization, thus domesticating animals. The city of Harappa and Mohenjo- Daro are also similar to the Mesopotamian civilization because they also built cities along the Indus River, and traded during the ancient times. This river civilization corresponds to that of the Nile River that is located in Egypt. Since Egypt was a desert, the Nile River provided a slew of resources. Tigris and Euphrates were also related to the Nile River because, whenever they flooded over, it was an advantage for farmers because it fertilized the

Egyptians began to settle along the banks of the Nile River, Starting as far north as to the city of Alexandria all the way down south to Aswan. They developed into a well-structured society as Far East to the Red Sea and west to Dakhia, Oasis among many (Figure 1.). The Nile River reached far lending a hand in creating a well-known civilization that consisted of building pyramids and producing crops for their pharaoh. Evolving from hunters and gatherers into agriculturalists throughout history, Egypt has claimed to be one of the earliest and most spectacular civilizations of ancient times. One could wonder if, what led to the collapse of this great society resulted from the Egyptians interaction with the environment by overusing

In the first civilization, both Mesopotamia and Egypt relied on a hunter-gatherer economic system, during that time, every country in the world strived on it. Mesopotamia had rich soil for agriculture, but experiences floods. For the Mesopotamians, these floods would destroy major cities, but for the Egyptians it would keep the soil rich all year long without the damage that the Mesopotamians had experienced.

Camels were now being used to help open trade routes across Afro-Eurasia. Both one-hump and two-hump both are able to to survive long journeys thanks to the fat stored in them. Boats also had some new improvement to help the progress of new technologies. Boats were once designed for limited transport for only rivers, lakes, and along shorelines. With the improvement in the mast, rigging, and better harness of wind power, boats were allowed to now venture across large bodies of water like the Mediterranean Sea. Metalworking had also begun to improve, instead of bronze many people were using harder iron instead. This time was commonly known as the iron age because of how important and widely used the metal was becoming to be. Although before all the technology advancements, iron was really hard to make because of the extraction of the ore, but thanks to the innovation of smelting and harden iron it suddenly started replaces bronze. Iron started to help farmers cultivate crops and farm. Weeds, soil, and sod was no longer a difficult task to break up for fertilization. Societies on a big scale were now able to advance and help their support their

The Nile River was the life force of ancient Egypt. People from all over the region immigrated to the area for its irrigation waters and rich silt deposits. The geography of the region played a huge role in the way the inhabitants and civilization in general was formed. The main core of Egypt covered 386, 560 square miles, of which only 11, 720 were cultivable (Tignor et al., Worlds Together, 62). The Nile differed itself specifically from the Tigris and Euphrates in that its waters did not irrigate or fertilize nearly as well but it did create green belts along the water. This created a society that flourished along the river. The Nile unlike Mesopotamia did not have a bountiful borderland but did have a desert rich in materials. The Niles predictability as the source of life and abundance shaped the character of the people and their culture. (Tignor et al., Worlds Together, 63). The Nile was peaceful and calm unlike the vicious Tigris And Euphrates Rivers. Egypt with its natural borders, which included the Mediterranean Sea, Deserts, and Large Waterfalls, was very isolated. This helped to achieve

Analyze the impact that migrations of pastoral peoples had on the development of civilization from the Second Wave civilizations to those of the Middle Ages.

The people of Mesopotamia also had bad world because of the overload of water that caused them to have a surplus of food. The Nile allowed the Egyptians to work their crops instead of worrying about the river, unlike the people in Mesopotamia. Due to the flooding of the

The diffusion of certain resources really made a difference in certain areas. For instance, the horses and cattle that europeans brought to america that helped with the progression of the society. Also the animals that migrated to different areas due to changes in the environment helped societies progress to a different level. Even with the diffusion of resources some societies just weren’t in suitable geographic area that would allow for them to take advantage of those raw