DBQ: New Deal Of The Great Depression

21.2). How did the goals and reform agenda of the Progressive Era manifest themselves during the presidential administrations of Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson?

5. FDR’s first goal in fighting the Great Depression was to get people working again.

In 1929, the United States Stock Market crashed, heralding the tumble into world-wide depression. President Hoover tried to pacify the people by telling them it was temporary and would pass over. But a new figure rose out of the people, promising he would do anything and everything he could to restore their lives. In 1932, Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected to the presidency, and his new policies would soon sweep over the country. Roosevelt's responses to the problems of the Great Depression were successful in strengthening the power of the federal government and instilling hope in the public, yet were unsuccessful in that they did not help him achieve his intended goal: the restoration of the economy. His responses were, however,

President FDR's New Deal prepared America for WWII after the Pearl Harbor attack. In the1930's the US government had a strong isolation movement. Isolationists thought the wars in Europe should stay in Europe, and President FDR knew that was not possible so he started the Lend Lease Deal. His Lend Lease Deal with Britain and the Soviet Union helped in giving America ideas on how much power they had. The Lend Lease Deal was that America would loan Britain their guns and ships to attack Germany during the war and when the war was finished they had to return it in an in kind matter.

Beginning in October 19, 1929 and ending in 1939, the American people had no hope having endured severe unemployment, food shortages, and dreadful living conditions. Life started to turn around when Franklin D. Roosevelt stepped into office and put his New Deal programs into play. Franklin and his administration quickly addressed the problems that had led to the Great Depression by executing policies that would successfully address reform, relief, and unsuccessful recovery. Following World War II it ultimately repaired most of America from the Great Depression but, Franklin’s New Deal programs were the major cause that stopped America’s economic downfall. By Franklin stepping into office and presenting his New Deal programs, this relieved

The New Deal was a series of programs, including, most notably, Social Security, that were enacted in the United States between 1933 and 1938, and a few that came later. They included both laws passed by Congress as well as presidential executive orders during the first term (1933–1937) of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The programs were in response to the Great Depression, and focused on what historians refer to as the; Relief, Recovery, and Reform: relief for the unemployed and poor, recovery of the economy to normal levels, and reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat depression.

While the main intention of Franklin D. Roosevelt was to improve and secure the activity of the economy and preserve the American citizens from unemployment, his speech given in 1936 mainly focus on the words "freedom" and "liberty". In fact, the president's speech expresses the idea that economic freedom should be based economic equality and security in the purpose for the American citizens to make a comfortable living and to "follow the pursuit of happiness" (Voice of Freedom 174). 144. Norman Cousins, "Will Women Lose Their Jobs?" (1939)

The roaring 1920’s appeared as if the prosperity that it had brought would continue throughout the years, however on October 1929, known as black tuesday that all changed, when the stock market crashed. The current president, president Hoover was suppose to heal America back up to the powerful nation it had become, however, he believed that the government should have a limited role and did not provide the necessary measures to end the Depression. On March 4th 1933 when Franklin D. Roosevelt took the seat as the President of the United States and his first hundred days Congress, at his request passed a large number of laws to deal with the Great Depression. Although Franklin D. Roosevelt’s administration was not successful on ending the Great

(Quote) “ It is common sense to take a method and try it. If it fails, admit it frankly and try another, but above all, try something” (FDR). (Background) This was explained by FDR when he was president of the United States. (Explanation) FDR wanted Americans to try new things because of the new public works programs and even if they failed to admit it, they would just try something new again. (Relationship) Critics stated that FDR and his administration methods were not effective, however, (Thesis Statement) the response of FDR and his administration to the problems of the great depression were effective, because they created the new deal programs, revived enterprise, and they created better conditions in the workplace.

The primary source was written several years after Roosevelt left the office of the President in the year 1913. He had come into the Presidency after the death of William McKinley in the year 1901 during the Progressive Era. It was during this era that Americans sought reforms through government intervention in the economy (ranging from regulating businesses, reviving morals, protecting consumers to tax reforms) that this piece was written. An era marked by new concepts of the purposes & functions of the federal government. 1913 was a particularly significant year; a year in which the 16th Amendment (which gave the federal government authority to establish income tax) and the 17th Amendment (which required direct election of US Senators by voters) were ratified. It was also the year in which Congress passed the Federal Reserve Act that regulated banking in the United States. Although this source was written in 1913, it largely reflected Roosevelt’s time in the office of the President (1901-1909). Roosevelt spoke extensively on his ideas of what the nature of executive powers should be. His school of thought was that the executive should be subject

ased on the text of the speech, what is the main purpose of President Roosevelt' speech?

A president who pledged to put the nation back together was what America yearned for. FDR appealed to the

During this time, “…FDR promised ‘a new deal for the American people’” (Polenberg, 8). FDR quickly realized that in order to win over the citizens of the United States and to fix the crisis they were in, he had to address the two main things that he saw every American wanted during this economical depression. Polenberg informs his readers that FDR saw that the two things every American wanted was “…Work; work with all the moral and spiritual values that go with work. And with work, a reasonable measure of security—security for themselves and for their wives and children” (p.8). Knowing that these were the two main aspects (at the time) that FDR had to place the majority of his attention on, he went to work immediately as “He feared that a resolution was likely if he failed, as Hoover had, to solve the nation’s problems” therefore he begun formation of the first New Deal reforms (Polenberg, 8). These reforms were “…designed not so much to promote reform as to proceed recovery,” (Polenberg, 9) therefore indicating that “…the Roosevelt administration intended to move the country in a dramatically new direction” (Polenberg, 9). Some of the programs that the New Deal initiated were: the NIRA (National Industrial Recovery Act), the NRA (the National Recovery Administration), the AAA (Agricultural Adjustment Act), the WPA (Works Progress Administration), the CWA (Civil Works Administration), and the TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority) just to name a few (Polenberg, 9-13). Each reform act was aimed at recovering a different but specific area of society. For example, the TVA worked to “…provide cheap electrical power… and… help prevent soil erosion and control floods” (Polenberg, 13) while the AAA “…served as the foundation of New Deal farm policy… balancing agricultural production and consumption so as to avoid surpluses and ensure that

By proposing the four fundamentals of freedom Roosevelt captured the audience with his speech. During this time of his speech he mentioned the

First of all, FDR’s speech contains details on freedom that can give evidence towards what his views for the country and its people were. Roosevelt believed that freedom must be defended, for he supports those who struggle to keep those rights. FDR explained, “Freedom means the supremacy of human rights everywhere. Our support goes to those