Chapter 1: Review Questions 1. What does the word “processing” in data processing mean? A process is any manipulation of data, usually with the goal of producing information. 2. Give three examples in which raw data also serves as useful information. Input Process Output 3. Give three business examples (not mentioned in the text) of data that must be processed to provide useful information.
Complete
Accurate Current 4. Give three examples of subsystems not operating in the context of IT. Why are these considered subsystems and not systems?
Account Payable – records information about money that organization owes to suppliers and service providers
General Ledger– records current transactions Account
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9. In which situations does one need to make a decision? Give three examples not mentioned in the chapter.
What if we purchase raw materials overseas?
What if we merge our warehouses?
What if we double our shifts and cut our staff? 10. How can a DSS help make decisions?
Organizations often build information systems specifically designed to help make decisions.
11. Note the word “support” in decision support systems. Why these applications are not called decision-making systems?
Because they have neither the time nor the resources to study and absorb long, detailed reports of data and information, organizations often build information systems specifically designed to help make decisions.
12. Who is considered a knowledge worker? Will you have a career as a knowledge worker? Explain.
Hardware and software platforms, products, and applications System analyst – proven knowledge in advanced operating and personal computer systems; must have a thorough understanding in multiple
13. What is the most prevalent type of information system? Why this type of is IS so ubiquitous?
Supply Chain Management System; the term “supply Chain” refers to the sequence of activities involved in producing and selling a product or service.
14. TPSs are usually used at the boundaries of the organization. What are boundaries in this context?
True or False: A permanent magnet is a piece of material that has been magnetized and can hold its magnetic strength for a reasonable length of time. True.
The study of computer based Information Systems (IS) is not just limited to traditional computers and servers, but also includes such devices as:
The different information systems are filing cabinets where hard copies are stores or electronically which can be saved changes can
Informed decision-making is an important aspect for working in the government. According to Milakovich and Gordon, provide some examples of how information technology can be used to assist bureaucrats in decision-making?
The five major components of an information system are as follows (1) to (5); (1) Hardware, multiple computer systems: microcomputers, minicomputers, and mainframes. (2) Software- computer software falls into two categories; systems software and applications software. Systems software manages the resources of the computer system and simplifies programming. Application Software is a program that directly assists end users in doing their work. Both can be purchased as ready-to-use packages. (3) Networks and communication facilities, includes Internet and intranets. This hardware and software facilitates fast and efficient transmission and reception of text, pictures and
Mellat-Parast and Spillan (2014) defines supply chain management as the method of handling material and information moves from the beginning, through the organization, and to the end-user. This is a very important factor of organizational strategy.
To help support this every organisation has an Information system. The UK academy for Information Systems defines information systems as “the means by which organisations and people, using information technologies, gather, process, store, use and disseminate information”
Informed decision-making is an important aspect for working in the government. According to Milakovich and Gordon, provide some examples of how information technology can be used to assist bureaucrats in decision-making?
1. Identify and describe the features of an information system that could be used by IPT students preparing for an exam on the seven Information Processes.
Describe the information technologies (IT) and information systems (IS) they use to provide their services?
The supply chain is a system made amongst different companies producing and distributing the product. Specifically, the supply chain contains the steps it takes to deliver goods or services from the supplier to the customer.
4. People – are the most important part of the information system. They program the software and run it, place the data and they determine the success or the failure of the system.
Although this system has some persuasive advantages, it could also be opposed because it might be deskilling decision markers. The use of this system could result in the unwarranted reliance on the system in decision-making and the
A supply chain is a system of organizations, people, technology, activities, information and resources involved in moving a product or service from supplier to customer. Supply chain activities transform natural resources, raw materials and components into a finished product that is delivered to the end customer. In sophisticated supply chain systems, used products may re-enter the supply chain at any point where
There are very many types of information systems. Classification of information systems follows the organizational levels in which they are used or installed for use. For instance, there are management information systems; some of which will be covered in this project report. Management information systems (MIS), helps businesses meet their business objectives. Almost all organizations and businesses today use management information systems; be it large, small, startup or an established multi-national. This is for the sole reason that information systems have evolved from just being a tool to gain competitive advantage for businesses, to a vital tool, a necessity in the digital age we live in. Management Information Systems help managers make better-informed decisions and communicate with their superiors, as well as with all the stakeholders in the businesses their organizations are involved in.