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Compare And Contrast Thoreau And Walden

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In conveying nonconformity, one encounters invariable semantic issues. It is easy to reject a known societal expectation, but not so simple to explain how to act in its place. How does one explain the defiance of societal norms without relying on said definition of these standards? This is an incredibly oxymoronic issue, one that both Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau encounter in their respective works Self Reliance (1841) and Walden (1854). Both men preach the doctrine of nonconformity; however, they approach this syntactic problem with different rhetoric, mirroring the time in which each piece was written. Bearing the burden of being the first widely known transcendentalist and explaining the precedent of nonconformity, Emerson …show more content…

For example, when trying to explain his aversion to religion’s blind adherence, Emerson asks “What have I to do with the sacredness of traditions, if I live wholly from within?... if I am the Devil's child, I will live then from the Devil. No law can be sacred to me but that of my nature. Good and bad are but names…” (Emerson). It is ironic that Emerson defines nonconformity in the context of religion, relying on society’s intrinsic hatred of the devil to foster understanding of how “good” and “bad” are merely relative. Explaining evil by connection to the Devil still conforms to religious interpretations of life. A similar situation occurs when Emerson denounces political parties as bludgeons of conformity, explaing how the parties “meet in numerous conventions… The Democrats from New Hampshire! The Whigs of Maine! the young patriot feels himself stronger than before by a new thousand of eyes and arms… It is only as a man puts off all foreign support, and stands alone, that I see him to be strong” (Emerson). Once again, Emerson explains nonconformity in the context of an existing societal institution, in this case, shunning the hive mentality of political parties for individualism. Its seemingly ironic - in order to explain his point Emerson alludes to the …show more content…

Thoreau has no need to explain the basics of nonconformity and therefore shuns the contradictory allusions to social constructs and delves into more complex comparisons. Such is evident in his frequent use of natural imagery and scientific concepts. When explaining how to reject societal expectations of life, Thoreau writes how he wanted “to drive life into a corner, and reduce it to its lowest terms, and, if it proved to be mean, why then to get the whole and genuine meanness of it” (Thoreau). Notice how rather than relying on societal allusions to convey his message, Thoreau uses the abstract metaphor of math to convey how one should pursue life to its essence and find personal meaning, even if life turns out to be quite average. Unlike societal allusions, which appeal to personal experiences and are henceforth quite relatable, math, especially in this non numerical context of philosophy, has no basis in life experience or linear logical thinking. This metaphor therefore can seem warped, combining seemingly “unrelated” concepts, making the comparison more difficult to understand. Thoreau’s metaphor may be more abstract than a societal allusion, however the comparison is closer to the root of nonconformity, i.e, abandoning all societal preconcepts and following individual thought and the intransigent concepts of the world. This style of

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