Emily Gewecke
Asian Civilizations
Writing Assignment #2
Asia during the times of the Song Dynasty, Ibn Fadlan, and Ibn Sina was divided by political strife and religious divisions. The Song Dynasty was weak and just getting over a massive divisive and warring period. The Islamic West Asia was thriving culturally and scholarly and trade between the two became dense with ideas as well as technologies to progress the still advancing western region.
The Song Dynasty was the result of a military coup that lead to a new Chinese leadership. China, while still culturally strong and influential, were weak and were forced to pay tributes to other places, such as the Khitan nomadic dynasty that was controlling the northern pieces of the Chinese
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He had issues with nomads and crossing their territories was a tricky endeavor (Gordon, p. 32). He had to bribe and negotiate parts of his passage. Gordon describes the nomads and how they did business, saying that the Turkish nomads would lead a particular caravan in exchange for robes, foodstuffs, and veils. Occasionally the nomads would provide loans that they would then require payment for, no matter if the caravan they encounter was the one that took the loans. These types of people made Ibn Fadlan's travels difficult but were a far kinder option than the peoples in the direct route from his home to the camps of the King.
Ibn Sina, a century later, was a philosopher and doctor who would travel from area to area progressing medicines and trading new technologies. Ibn Sina was educated quickly and developed interests in Greek culture as well as medicine. His interest in medicine helped him gain position in life, he had healed a royal and was thus given control of an entire library, greatly advancing his knowledge. He eventually began travels and looking at the ideas of Neoplatonism. He travelled and wrote about his changing views of God and man, medicinal remedies and changes, and eventually was imprisoned for some of his
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Both had developed highly advanced technologies and in particular had large scale and highly regarded philosophies and ideas. Buddhism and Islam both were schools of thought that created trade demand. Similar to the story of Xuanzang, Ibn Fadlan travelled to spread Islam to a King who wished to not only develop an alliance but also convert to the Islamic religion.
The two Islamic travelers would probably look the China and see a disunity similar to the caliphs that were controlling the West. Joined together under a commonality but divided and aligned back together. Technologically they might be seen as equals, especially from the Muslim side of view as much of the technology being implemented in the West came from China, though China may not being seeing the caliphs in the same light.
Asia could be argue as being the world based on the fact that it was the majority of the interconnected world, had the most populous regions, and had governments that had been operating longer than any other region had even been settled. China was a technological powerhouse, filled with ideas and philosophies that were exporting and influencing as well as filled with technologies and goods that every other region desired. China could be considered the world based on the fact that during the time it was the most successful and longest run region in the
The Tang (618-906) and Song (960-1279) dynasties were the golden ages of Chinese classical literature in general, and poetry in particular. Poets of these periods, including Li Bo, Du Fu, and Su Shi, are well known throughout East Asia and are still regarded as revered models for later generations of poets. However, Tang and Song poets clearly had different literary orientations, reflecting differences between Tang and Song societies. During the Tang period, China was open to the outside world and embraced the new and exotic, whereas Song China was a comparatively closed society that became introspective and philosophical. Tang poets were concerned with frontier adventures, embraced foreign elements, and celebrated spontaneous
The Song dynasty came in to power in 960 and ended in 1279. It consisted of the Northern Song and Southern Song. Northern Song was founded by Zhao Kaungyin, a military
Many aspects of the political reign throughout the Tang and Song Dynasty are fairly similar, yet there are some key differences. During the Tang Dynasty, emperors established a new system of land reform. This meant that land was taken from the rich and evenly distributed to peasants. The peasants owning land could now
The Tang and Song Dynasty ruled China from 618 AD to 1279 AD. The Abbasid ruled the Muslim world from 750 to 1258 CE. The dynasties were both successful in conquering and ruling much land and many people. They made advancements in everyday life for those under their rule, some of which are still impacting our world today. The Tang and Song Dynasty and the Abbasid Dynasty are similar politically yet different socially and economically.
China and India were both complex classical civilizations with several social similarities and differences. In China, the merchants were less respected, there was greater access to social mobility, and the Emperors were treated as Gods. India treated the merchant class with respect, had extremely limited to no social mobility, and had the Brahman at the stop of the social hierarchy. Some similarities included the structured societies supported by belief systems or a religion, a patriarchal society, and the large peasant classes in both civilizations.
The Song dynasty, also called the Sung dynasty, was the Chinese reign during the late 10th-13th centuries that, like the Tang, had a far-reaching impact economically, culturally, and socially. The period is divided into two parts: the Northern Song and the Southern Song. Economically, commerce, trade, and manufacturing grew exponentially. Culturally, Confucianism witnessed new life as it undergirded the growth of the Chinese middle class, and socially, a revision of the Chinese civil service examination widened government representation. The Song dynasty could easily be argued as the renaissance of China.
In the Dynastic cycle, the Ming and Song Dynasties of ancient China showed similar periods of Rebellion. Both the Ming and Song Dynasties were conquered by a rebelliance. One way there the same is they both were too weak to control the rebellions. One way there different for each other is that the Song dynasty would spend the money on things that china doesn't need, instead of getting higher protection agents clanes and rebellions. The Ming dynasty got a food shortage and did nothing about it, which caused people to rebel against the dynasty. Another thing the Ming and Song dynasties have in common is they both raised taxes so it left people who could not afford to pay the taxes. Which of course the people of china to rebel. The Ming tax collectors
The Song dynasty allowed the Chinese economy to grow rapidly and abundantly, and as a result of this China became extremely affluent. During the Song Dynasty (960-1276), technology also became highly advanced in fields such as agriculture, iron work and printing. Even today, scholars talk of the Song economic revolution. The population grew rapidly during this time, and more and more started to gravitate towards living in large cities. The Song system of government was also advanced for its time.
It’s no surprise that most of what people use today came from China. However, it might be astonishing to some that this has been occurring for thousands of years. From porcelain to thrown bombs, the Tang and Song dynasties of ancient China melded to make an impressive golden age with countless achievements. Though the citizens do not, many of such achievements live on in our time. The Tang and Song dynasties both created important innovations that are still essential today.
Advancements in China during the Song Dynasty caused this time period to flourish with peace, prosperity, and happiness. The Song dynasty was ruled by Zhao Kuangyin who was a chief-general in the dynasty before the Song, Hou Zhuo. Zhao Kuangyin unified china into a strong central government. He designed a strategy to conquer various kingdoms one by one, staring in the south, which was very rich in their production of items but weak in forces and protection. Zhao the ruler of the Song dynasty which lasted over 300 years believed in following short military dynasties.
Islamic and Ancient China art forms are very different, yet similar. Islamic art focused on the depiction of patterns, such as geometric and Arabic calligraphy. Instead of human-like figures, because it is feared that the depiction of the human form is idolatry and a sin against God. Ancient Chinese art focused on the depiction of humans and nature in their artwork. Chinese artists did so to capture the relationship between humans and nature.
Song Dynasty: during the Song Dynasty, there were several reformations and the Keju System became more and more mature and consummate. It had reached its summit. The government expanded admission quota and established Provincial Examination, Metropolitan Examination, and Final Imperial Examination. Those exams would be hold triennially. Song Dynasty changed the situation that merchant were discriminated in Sui and Tang Dynasties. Thanks to this policy, many people who were born miserably could have a fair access to higher level of bureaucracy.
The Song Dynasty continued the medieval
as a series of social disarray. Each Dynasty resulted in slightly different reforms, but it seems as
Ibn Battuta was one of the greatest travelers of ancient history. He was a Moroccan scholar who widely ventured the medieval world. Ibn Battuta's urge to travel was due to the interest of finding the best teachers and the best libraries, as well as making the pilgrimage to Mecca known as hajj, out of eagerness and devotion to his faith. His journey began in 1325 at just the age of 21, Ibn Battuta rode out of Tangier with a donkey unassisted with alms of gold and woolen cloth. During Ibn Battuta's travel, Islamic civilizations stretched from the Atlantic coast of Africa to Southeast Asia, which has constituted the Dar-Al Salam. Ibn Battuta’s voyage begins in his home place Morocco and continued on to Arab Mashreq, Arabian Peninsula, Persia, Iraq, East Africa, Anatolia, Central Asia, South Asia, China, Southeast Asia, Al-Andalus, Mali Empire and West Africa. Throughout his travels Ibn Battuta told more about himself, the people he met and the importance of the positions he held. In social characteristics, Ibn Battuta was able to give an insight of gender roles throughout countries, and distinctly state the different roles in marriages and ceremonies. In political characteristics, Ibn Battuta was appointed a Judge with a significant recognition, creating laws and decided cases in a court of law. In cultural characteristics, Battuta outlines the different traditions and customs of cultures he experienced throughout his travel. Lastly, in economic characteristics, Battuta