Communicable Disease Paper

Vaccinations to the health care providers and managers of the epidemic treatment plan would be needed regardless of age due to the

In order to help to keep the spread of chickenpox in control the CDC recommends that children get the first shot at 12 to 15 months of age with a second shot between the fourth and sixth year of life (www.livestrong.com).

In the Crucible there are three characters that I believe are the ones that are mostly invested and concerned on trying to preserve their reputations. Reverend Parris, Judge Danforth, and Abigail are the people that I analyzed and assume that they are the ones mostly concerned about their reputation. All of these three characters that I looked into seem to have a different but similar situation well their attitude is the most similar. These three characters only seem to be concerned about their reputation and not the consequences their actions have on others. They are blinded by their ignorance and can’t see what is more important than a good name.

Many of these diseases are seen as eradicated, and unable to make a comeback. However, due to vaccinations these diseases are currently contained and not allowed to spread amongst the general community. This case study delves into the symptoms, diagnosis, cure, and prevention that will bring light of the importance of this community action plan. Colorado Springs has been chosen as the case study location, and between the media, scientific studies, and community partners, it is shown how important and effective immunizations and vaccinations are to community health.

In This Changes Everything: Capitalism vs the Climate (2014) Naomi Klein argues that climate change is not just another issue to be simply placed away in society to tackle at a later date, but it is ultimately a crisis. The main message which can be clearly understood from the introduction is that society has waited long enough for the government to attempt to save our planet and it is now time for regular people to stand up. She firstly addresses the argument that it is too hard for such a large amount of countries to settle on one strategy in relation to solving the problem of climate change. She does this by using examples of past techniques which the United Nations have used, such as the World Trade Organisation - which may not have all

Mandatory vaccination continues to be a contentious subject in the United States, even though extensive evidence proves inoculation prevents certain diseases. According to A. Plotkin & L. Plotkin (2011), the evolution of the first vaccine commenced in the 1700’s when a physician named Edwards Jenner discovered that cowpox protected individuals from one of the deadliest diseases termed smallpox. The precise virus Jenner used is unclear; however, it was espoused in the extermination of smallpox worldwide. The researchers further explained, the unearthing of the subsequent vaccine known as chicken cholera occurred approximately 80 years later by Louise Pasteur. Ever since, copious vaccines such as rabies, yellow fever, varicella, pneumococcal, mumps and recently HPV have been introduced.

Epidemiology is viewed as the fundamental science of public health and is key in endorsing optimal health in the community as a whole (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2008). Epidemiologic study and practice continues to reform public health and endeavors to prevent disease in communities across the world. This paper will address through descriptive epidemiology, the rising disease of obesity and will focus on the teen and adolescent population of the United States. This paper will also define and discuss the purpose of epidemiology, the methods of the science, the epidemiological triangle, and the relationship of the disease to various levels of prevention.

In 2012 a flood of varicella cases were confirmed in a community near Concord, New Hampshire in a private daycare center, 25 cases were reported. Out of those 25 cases, 17 (68%) of those children were vaccinated and 8 (32%, including two who

Ragan & Duffy (2012, p.23) have also shown high immunization rates have resulted in a substantial decline in vaccine preventable diseases, particularly vaccination has eliminated smallpox worldwide. In addition, in a study by Bawah, Phillips, Adjuik & smith et al (2010, p.95) found that vaccination has resulted in a large and statistically significant reduction child mortality. The risk of dying for children younger than five who are fully immunized is reduced by more than 70% compared with those who are not immunized or partially immunized. Moreover, research by Dawson (2011, p.1032) also suggests that vaccination is a vital intervention in reducing illness and death rates in children and he estimated approximately 2.5 million deaths could be prevented each year by vaccination. In addition to personal immunity Vaccination programs also bring herd immunity which ensures even greater protection for the community from communicable diseases. The level of vaccination required to provide herd immunity varies with virulence and transmissibility as well as vaccine efficacy. While vaccinating

I learned in chapter seven of children of emotions. A researcher named michael lewis who has has state that there is a differences in emotion. There are emotions that are found in every person and animals called primary emotions. Primary emotions are anger, fear, sadness, joy, interest, and disgust, they present themselves in the first six month. Then according to lewis self- conscious emotion that requires that a child is conscious of their own sense of being. Those emotions are pride, shame, empathy, jealousy, and embarrassment which usually don’t appear until around a six months to two years. Though it has been debated that self awareness don’ts happen until around eighteen months. I think it's interesting to learn about the emotion that infants might feel.

It has been proven through the measures of the Randomized Control Trial study and the Observational study that vaccinations serve as an effective way of preventing viruses. For example, when a RCT is performed, volunteers can be placed in two groups. One group receives the actual vaccine, and the other receives a placebo. Within this study, vaccine efficacy is also measured by comparing the frequency of the illness in the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. When the Observational study is performed, it’s important to remember that it’s totally upon the individual to whether or not they prefer to be

Thesis Statement: Recently, the United States has seen a resurgence of many different diseases that we haven 't seen in decades. Much of this problem is caused by failure to get vaccinations, and a key step to solving the issue is education.

Before vaccines were introduced, varicella was endemic in the United States, and virtually all persons acquired varicella at some point before adulthood (cdc.gov, 2006). It is reported that 4 million cases of chickenpox were recorded in the U.S. each year before the vaccine was introduced. Although some states reported cases of varicella to the CDC, it was eliminated from the list of nationally notifiable conditions in 1981. Children under 10 years of age make up between 75 – 90 % of chickenpox cases. In 1995, due to the availability of the vaccine in the U.S., hospitalizations due to chickenpox has declined by nearly 90% (Hambleton, & Gershon, 2005).

The person should avoid scratching or rubbing the itchy areas and keep their fingernails short to avoid damaging the skin. The infected person should avoid prolonged exposure to excessive heat and humidity. The use of over- the counter antihistamines or hydrocortisone creams may be recommended for itch relief. Some doctors may prescribe antivirals if the rash began within 24 hours. Antiviral medication is not usually prescribed to otherwise healthy children who do not have severe symptoms. Antivirals are usually prescribed to high-risk groups whom are prone to severe symptoms such as eczema, lung conditions, or who immunocompromised individuals. The infected person should also be advised to avoid aspirin due to association with a serious condition called Reyes syndrome or Ibuprofen due to the association of more severe secondary infections. Tylenol is recommended for fever relief. Some complications that can occur are bacterial infections secondary to scratching, encephalitis, pneumonia and death. The preventions of chickenpox are acquired by vaccination with the varicella vaccine in children, adolescents, and adults, and the herpes zoster vaccine for persons of 60 and older (Maurer&Smith). The Centers for Disease and controls estimates that 95% of Americans will have chickenpox by the time they reach adulthood. The CDC also estimates that there are 4 million cases with a100 deaths and 9300 hospitalizations a

Chickenpox can best be prevented by given the dose of varicella vaccine to children, adolescents, adults and the herpes zoster vaccine for people age 60 and above (Maurer & Smith 2013). Generally, people who get the vaccine will not get chickenpox, however, if the vaccinated person get chickenpox, the symptoms is usually mild fever or no fever, fewer red spots or blisters.