NOMENCLATURE d-q stator voltages of induction generator d-q stator currents of induction generator d-q rotor currents of induction generator , stator and rotor resistances per phase of induction generator stator, rotor and magnetizing inductances of induction generator self excitation capacitance per phase of induction generator Angular stator frequency of the induction generator Angular rotor speed (electrical rads/s) of the induction generator moment of inertia friction coefficient, differential operator d/dt DC-link inductance DC-link resistance firing angles of the converter and inverter d-q input voltage of the converter d-q input current of the converter DC-link current inverter output voltage d-q stator voltages of synchronous generator d-q damper winding voltages of synchronous generator field winding voltage of synchronous generator d-q stator currents of synchronous generator d-q damper winding currents of synchronous generator field winding current of synchronous generator stator resistance of synchronous generator d and q damper winding resistances d and q mutual inductances d and q self inductances rotor speed (electrical rads/s) of the synchronous generator torque input from diesel engine applied and actual fuel flow rate of diesel engine combustion delay time constant time constant and gain of fuel rack position actuator prediction horizon.
The world we live in is surrounded by diesel engines. They are on the freeways, railways, airways, and are one of the leading electricity producers in the world. They are also becoming more popular in automobiles. These engines are efficient and reliable and they are getting very sophisticated. However, the physics behind these engines has not changed.
Diesel is going to be the fuel that will control the world just like gasoline is today. Clean diesel is something that seems unreachable but it is closer than people think. Diesels now are Cleaner than ever and it it going to out do any other form of power for cars. Although other fuels and forms of power produce no emissions, diesel engines can be made to produce less harmful pollutants and be more efficient. There may be a few negative characteristics about diesel engines. But, the positive characteristics that they have out weight the bad things about them. To keep the diesels clean the process of how they work needs to be known.
Archer, M. and G. Bell. 2002. “Advanced Electronic Fuel Injection Systems – An Emissions Solution
In the automotive world, efficiency and power are two elements of vehicle performance metrics that while important to many consumers and critics alike, appear to be elusive when in convolution with one another. In automotive history, good fuel efficiency equaled compromises in power and performance and vehicles with large displacements and torque usually had worse gas mileage. The exception to this rule were diesel engines, which managed to combine better efficiency than many four-cylinder gas engines while providing very high torque number for better performance. The main drawback that diesel’s faced was due to their stigma of being dirty, as they emitted more greenhouse gases including nitrous and sulfur oxides. Coupled with the stricter emissions that many states began to implement, primarily overseen by the EPA, it became harder for car manufactures to certify diesel engines for emissions while maintaining high fuel economy and power output figures. The emission control hardware and software in diesel vehicles also came at a high price and with increased complexity, both unwelcoming additions for any car company wanting to mainstream diesel’s.
Have you ever wondered how engines work? That is exactly what this paper is about, engines. I will explain how Wankel engines, Diesel engines, turbojet engines, Gnome rotary engines, two stroke engines, and four stroke engines work. I will also explain their histories. Some times when you look at an engine it looks like a mess and you wonder how it could make anything move.
In today’s world there are many different engines that gets assembled in vehicles. The main difference in the engines are if they are gas or if they are diesel. While bearing some minor similarities, the differences between gas and diesel are remarkable.
Whereas ordinary diesel direct fuel-injection systems have to build up pressure anew for each and every injection cycle, the new common rail (line) engines maintain constant pressure regardless of the injection sequence. This pressure then remains permanently available throughout the fuel line. The engine's electronic timing regulates injection pressure according to engine speed and load. The electronic control unit (ECU) modifies injection pressure precisely and as needed,
* The design of a diesel engine requires a much heavier construction. This heavy engine, combined with the high amount of compression it uses to ignite fuel, means that the engine runs at a much lower rate of revolutions per minute (RPM). Because it runs at a lower RPM rate, the engine needs much less force to rotate the machinery that moves a diesel vehicle. Because the engine can move machinery with much less force than a gasoline engine, it is much better at making a towed object start moving.
Electrical vehicles technology has been present for a while and is a proven technology that need only reshaping to meet the global need. Though, in the past, the technology had failed to compete with the internal combustion engine due to initial cost, the technology has done well in the past few years. Electric vehicle ability to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases like carbon and carbon dioxide and the advantages it enjoys such as low maintenance and running cost can enhance it market competitiveness. However, as experts try to make its charging system more efficient and its ability to store charge more long lasting, the global need continue to rise. The research proposal, therefore, aim at addressing an issue like government involvement can enhance improved use of EV, development of better EV batteries, energy management system and fast charging can help enhance the use of Electrical Vehicles and how electric vehicle drive train and the battery can be redesigned to make it affordable.
In today’s motorized life , It’s difficult to live without motor (Engines) and the main source of it’s input power is fossil fuels & partly electric power. In future these fuels or electricity may not be available widely as they are non renewable energies. So, it may be difficult to use engine with the fuels.
Electric cars are becoming very popular in today’s world and are becoming more main stream. One reason for this is the need for automobiles that have a lower or a zero carbon footprint. For the majority of the history of the automobile, the propulsion system was a gas or a diesel engine that would run off of fossil fuels. The burning of fossil fuels is very hazardous to our world and also creates much toxic pollution. However, electric cars run off of electricity, which is a very clean and pollution free resource, depending on how the electricity was produced of course. In this paper we are going to examine the history of electric cars, look into modern electric car technology, and peer into the future of electric car technology to see if EVs might be the answer to dramatically reducing our global pollution.
Diesel engines began to be used in automobiles in the 1930s. They are used in many trucks, ships, buses and small passenger cars in Europe right now.[1] Many believe that diesel engine are heavier, noisier and generate black smock when running. However, diesel engine’s unique advantages can make them the engine of the future for vehicles. And with much more stringent standard to take effect in the future, diesel engine’s emissions and control technologies are still very much in the forefront. This paper will cover the developments in diesel vehicles emission regulation and control technology for NOx, particulate matter (PM) for diesel vehicles.
Thé training projéct éntitléd “To study thé pétrol (VVT énginés) and diésél (DDiS énginés)” aims to study thé différént typés of énginés uséd and manufacturéd by Maruti Suzuki. it also studiés thé various typés of probléms occurréd in thé énginés in running conditions. This projéct is a thorough study of thé VVT & DDiS énginés, théir uséfulnéss, théir éfficiéncy and théir high pérformancé dué to théir néw téchnology. it also includés thé casé studiés of thé cars which wéré réportéd to thé workshop having énginé rélatéd probléms.
Thé traĭnĭng projéct éntĭtléd “To study thé pétrol (VVT éngĭnés) and dĭésél (DDĭS éngĭnés)” aĭms to study thé dĭfférént typés of éngĭnés uséd and manufacturéd by Marutĭ Suzukĭ. ĭt also studĭés thé varĭous typés of probléms occurréd ĭn thé éngĭnés ĭn runnĭng condĭtĭons. Thĭs projéct ĭs a thorough study of thé VVT & DDĭS éngĭnés, théĭr uséfulnéss, théĭr éffĭcĭéncy and théĭr hĭgh pérformancé dué to théĭr néw téchnology. ĭt also ĭncludés thé casé studĭés of thé cars whĭch wéré réportéd to thé workshop havĭng éngĭné rélatéd probléms.
Compression ignition engine are also know as diesel engine as they use diesel as a fuel. In