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Civil Disobedience Rhetorical Analysis

Decent Essays

Martin Luther King, Jr. paved the way for the civil rights movement as he was unrelenting in his strive to eliminate segregation and the social system that upheld it. He fought for justice, freedom, and the equality of opportunity. He is famous for his use of civil disobedience to fight without fighting back, to accept the consequences of his defiances, and to use the initiatives of fellow citizens to act in opposition against the laws discriminating against people of color. King was an activist, but first, he was a pastor. He received a letter through the newspaper from other clergymen trying to discourage his efforts. Responding from a jail cell, King wrote a fifty paragraph letter on scraps of paper, justifying his cause and refuting their claims. In paragraphs fifteen to twenty-two, he specifically explains the effectiveness and necessity of his efforts. Martin Luther King, Jr. successfully justifies civil disobedience by utilizing logos developed through skillful syntax, and ethos built by thoughtful selection of detail.
King competently uses his syntax to add a deeper level of strength and poise to his argument as well as to establish logos. By continually using parallelism, juxtaposition, and antithesis, he structures a logical argument refuting the clergymen’s claims against civil disobedience. Using juxtaposition, he says, “One has…a moral responsibility to obey just laws. Conversely, one has a moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws.” He uses the parallel structure of two opposite phrases to highlight the contrasts and illustrate that just as one has the obligation to follow laws, he or she also has the obligation to disobey other ones. The simplicity of this argument is further supported by the simplicity and short length of the sentences included. King uses short sentences throughout this excerpt, most notably in paragraph seventeen. He says, “This is difference made legal...This is sameness made legal.” These short sentences stick in the reader’s mind. The rhetorical question, “Is segregation not an existential expression of man’s tragic separation, his awful estrangement, his terrible sinfulness?” uses the repetition and parallelism. The structure of a pronoun followed by an adjective

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