Child Development 0 - 19 Years

They enjoy playing and show it by smiling and squealing with delight. They are able to focus on an object and explore it if it seems interesting. Babies also start to show us that they understand a little of what we are saying and try to communicate with us.

When babies are born they only respond to light and the voice of their main carer. As babies grow they become more interested in what is going on around them starting to react to more things, for example smile back when being smiled at. At 8 months their brain starts to develop dramatically and they will start to respond when in different environments. Babies explore toys by touching and tasting them mostly, but by the age of 12 months they should be able to use single words and respond to a simple request, such as can you get me a book? While

Emotional development; a child will develop a stung emotional attachment to carers/parents also to their toys i.e. a teddy bear. A child has basic emotions for example happy or sad and will start developing an understanding of others. Children will form relationships with other children and will developed skills such a sharing. A child will see differences in types of relationships between family and those in a formal setting.

* Have different cries for different needs. For example one cry for hunger, another when they are tired.

The expected pattern starts at 0-3 years where a child is expected to develop the most. They have little control over their bodies at 0-1 years and are dependent on their natural instincts e.g. sucking, grasping but when the child has more control over their body they will start to crawl and eventually progress to walking. By the age of 3 as well as

Learning Outcome: Understand the expected pattern of development for children and young people from birth - 19 years.

In the initial few months babies will recognise familiar voices and faces, they will try to 'people please' and bay for attention by performing for their audience through laughter and giggles. They will enjoy playing games with others such as peek a boo.

| * Will move their arms and clench their fists if a sudden noise or bright light * Will cry when hungry or distressed * Will stop crying when they hear a familiar voice * Will develop different types of cry

At 1 year, babies are able to sit up and feed themselves using fingers. They also know what they like and do not like, food that they don’t like usually ends up on the floor. Babies are now able to understand more of what is going on and communicate with long strings of babble.

Babies at three months have now grown in both height and weight. They are wearing new sets of clothes and have changed in many ways. Some babies have learned the difference between night and day and are able to sleep through the night, which is great help for parents. Babies are also crying less and most parents are getting better at knowing at what their cries mean. Babies are starting to sleep a little less and are far more alert. They may smile quite often and show that they know the sound of their parents’ voices and movements. Babies’ bodies are also developing. They are able to lift their heads up and look about when they are put on their tummies.

Begin to ask questions such as ‘’why?’’. Play imaginatively such as role playing. Notices simple shapes. May move out of nappies and begin toilet training. Start taking interest in other children.

Reach and grab when a small toy is offered Can roll to stomach from back. Plays with feet when lying on back. Communication and intellectual Make eye contact and cry to indicate need. Make non crying noises such as cooing and

Enjoys playing with other people and might get upset when the person stops intereacting with them

| Walking, pointing with arms, starting to dress themselves, holding light objects.Interacting with balls, climbing stairs or furniture, using crayons etc with more controlled, starting to run with confidence and feeding themselves.

| * Repetitive play as the baby enjoys doing something over and over again * Crying if they cannot see their parent or carer * Maybe shy around strangers