Causes And Symptoms Of 300.02 Insects And Civilization

First isolated from a rhesus monkey in Uganda, the Zika virus (ZIK V) did not pose a serious global threat until recent outbreaks in 2007 on Yap Island in Micronesia and the current outbreak which began in 2013 in the French Polynesia. And, although the virus is transmitted via infected mosquitoes, studies indicate that the disease potentially can be transmitted sexually (Musso, D., Roche, C., Robin, E., Nhan, T., Teissier, A., and

During an epidemic I would anticipate the local health system would be taxed in order to respond to the number of cases impacted by the outbreak. Utilization of the current health care settings, whether it be primary physician offices, Urgent Care or the Emergency Department the ability to triage, staff and provide supplies for these facilities would be challenging. Additional facilities may be incorporated into the reporting system in order to function as overflow from these clinic sites

Task 1: Be aware of the current health issues in French Polynesia. On the CDC website, it states that as of July 6, 2015 the (PacNet) reported local transmission of chikungunya in several islands in the central and south Pacific Ocean. This means that mosquitoes in the area have been infected with chikungunya. There is currently no vaccine or medicine to prevent chikungunya. The only way to prevent chikungunya is to prevent mosquito bites.

It can still be transmissioned over direct contact with an infected individual or animal or through eating an infected animal.

Very simple steps can be taken in order to prevent the virus, or stop it from spreading. Hand washing with hot soapy water is a must, especially if you believe you may have handled an infected surface. Most importantly, if you are not feeling well or believe you may have been infected, avoid preparing food for others and always make sure to stay home when you are sick to avoid giving it to others.

The major problem, they have within the healthcare industry is the lack of government funding and the total expenditure on health per capita is $109, compared to the $7290 per capita in the United States. Healthcare consumes 4.9% of India’s GDP versus the 16% in the United States. The outcomes equal long lines, fewer facilities and inefficient staff. The supply of healthcare in India is on par with that in sub-Saharan African countries. According to the World Bank, 75% of all health expenditures is in the private sector, where 90% of healthcare costs are paid out-of-pocket.

the virus was able to be transmitted from one person to the next. Viruses cannot simply transmit

2 to 4 days after the incubation period, the infected person develops the initial symptoms of fever, chills, head and body aches, and vomit; then, the infected person becomes contagious. Afterward, a rash develops on and in the oral cavity area of the infected person causing the infected to become most contagious. After which, the rash develops to pustular rash, and the infected remains infectious. When the pustules form a crust and then a scab, the infected continue to be contagious. It is only after the scabs resolve and fall off, the infected is no longer infectious (World Health Organization,

West Nile virus is the most significant exotic mosquito-borne disease that has come to the contiguous United States in the last century. Outbreaks have proven extremely difficult to predict and control and have been associated with considerable morbidity. The large outbreak in 2012, which caught many by surprise, indicates that West Nile virus will remain a formidable public health challenge for years to come (“FAQ: West Nile Virus,” par. 3).

Cohort studies have implications for accurate assessments of chikungunya disease burden, virus transmission, and blood transfusion risk. The first cohort study that was a retrospective cohort study involving 199 patients. These patients were to describe the frequency of the prolonged clinical symptoms of the infection and then measure the impact of the clinical symptoms on the overall quality of life and healthcare resources that were utilized in comparison with an unexposed population. This was more than one year after the infection. More than 1 year after the acute phase of infection, the virus positive patients reported having more disabilities than the participants who were virus negative. The persistent disabilities were

It is very important to immunise against this disease not only because it is a very contagious virus but because it can have some very serious long term effects.

     Other then vaccination, some basic treatment is: stay at home, drink fluids, take anti-inflammatory drugs (aspirin or ibuprofen), decongestants, cough medicine, gargles, lozenges, or await a natural treatment.

Although there is not a scientific or natural cure found yet, there are some methods that can increase a person’s chance of survival if contracted with the virus. First, supportive care could help physically and even more psychologically. Studies on blood samples have shown that there is an identification between genes and the prediction of survival. Also, there is a new association between survival and levels of a certain protein in platelets. This protein helps to repair damaged blood vessels. Certain levels of this protein could determine the chances of survival of an infected person. Scientists are also trying to develop a cure by utilizing the benefits of this protein. Currently, there are 2 possible vaccines that are being tested to see if they will prevent the virus.

immune system keeps the virus inactive, but it is possible for the virus to reactivate and cause a

The country of India is second in terms of population size and the major cities are becoming overcrowded. Poverty rates in India have increased over the last few years and despite the economic boom the country is experiencing, the people are still living in overcrowded ghettos or slums. Overcrowding and population has brought healthcare challenges. In India, maternal and child mortality are still high, malnutrition among children and pregnant women increase yearly, and the country leads the numbers of Tuberculosis (TB) infection. Furthermore, India’s HIV problem has increased and now is third among 195 countries. The lack of basic healthcare, support and supplies from Indian official has only fueled the healthcare challenges it faces.