Catapult Research Paper

These equations were derived from using d ⃗_y, the axis of symmetry, and a point on the parabola. It is necessary to have a known point on the parabola to determine the stretch of the parabola, defined as s. In the equations above let u define a point in vertical direction and h define a point in the horizontal direction. The point used in order to calculate the equation of the parabola that models the behaviour of a waltz jump was (1.61, 0). This point is used as 1.61m is where the skater lands on the ice, which is where the parabola model ends, and the ice is the horizontal plane defined as zero. Below h is defined as the horizontal distance, and u is the vertical distance.

The first records of counterweight trebuchets began appearing in the 12th century. Proving to be an excellent siege weapon, many militaries began using this. Though stone-throwing artillery had been employed by both the Greeks and Romans, they were usually powered by torsion or tension; the trebuchet was the first war machine to use gravity and leverage to fire projectiles. They were used widely during the Crusades, in which the European militaries, especially the French, used the trebuchet to lay siege to Muslim cities in the hopes of capturing the “holy land.”

Trebuchets are most commonly known as medieval weapons used in the Middle Ages. Us three were to build a smaller scale of the trebuchet and had to make sure it hit the target two out of the five times. We had to build a hinged-counter weight type of trebuchet with wheels that could throw a ping pong or golf ball. Through the paper I will explain the history throughout trebuchets and why to have wheels and to have a hinged counter weight on the trebuchet. Also the calculations on the potential energy and velocity are through this report. Our trebuchet met all of the requirements that were to be made and it hit the target three out of the five times. This report will

Objective: Using a marble launcher, launch marbles from different angles with different forces to find the maximum height and the velocity as it leaves the launcher. Using different variables and results to determine how the different angles and amounts of force effect the variables. With this data show the effect the forces cause in 1-D and 2-D motion, as well as in the X and Y directions. This is done through kinematic equations and calculations.

Air Assault School qualifies Soldiers to conduct air mobile and air assault helicopter operations, to include aircraft orientation, slingload operations, and proper rappelling techniques. The school itself is 12 days of rigorous, fast paced training. The high standards of the school requires students to take part in a 12-mile march with rucksack in under three hours on the morning of graduation to graduate. Graduated Air Assault School second in class of 160

To fire it, the spoke or arm was forced down, against the tension of twisted ropes or other springs, by a windlass, and then suddenly released. As the sling swung outwards, one end would release, as with a staff-sling, and the projectile would be hurled forward. The arm would then be caught by a padded beam or bed, when it could be winched back again. The Onager is usually the first type of catapult

A trebuchet is a siege weapon most commonly used in the middle ages. It uses gravity to propel an object. There are competitions held today called "Pumpkin Chunkin '" which use trebuchets to launch pumpkins as far as possible. The common question is what the dimensions should be when making it. Should the arm be longer or shorter? Should the counterweight be heavier or lighter? These questions have been asked by competitors in trebuchet competition as well as engineers. And this is why the project is in the field of mechanical engineering.

The purpose in this lab is to determine how different weights, launch speeds and launch angles affect a projectile's horizontal distance and maximum height. The concepts required to understand the lab results are: gravitation acceleration (On Earth, objects usually fall with an acceleration of 9.81 m/s2 towards the center of mass) , work (work is done on an object to set it in motion and give it speed), air resistance (A friction force that slows down the speed of an object), normal (perpendicular to surface and balances out the force of gravity) and contact force (One object comes in contact with another creating a force) and Newton's laws of motion (1. Velocity is constant if the sum of all forces acting on object is zero. 2. The sum of all

Compared to the trebuchet, the designs of other siege weapons were lacking in many respects. The most important of these other siege engines included the Greek ballista, the catapult, and variations on the catapult design, such as the Roman onager and mangonel. The ballista's design was very similar to an extremely large crossbow with a guide chute to keep the projectile on path. A large ballista could launch an eight pound stone over 450 yards. It took two men to operate a ballista (Hamper). A standard catapult used the inconsistent strength and weight of men as a source of power. Groups of men had to work to pull down the catapult bar in order to launch the objects. Such catapults could typically throw as much as a fifty pound rock. An onager was type of a catapult with a short arm that would be launched forward by many twisted sinews. Both the onager and the ballista were limited in accuracy and range, because the tightly twisted sinews and ropes continually wore out and needed to be replaced. Likewise, the standard catapult lacked accuracy because of the inconsistent strength and weight of the men who fired it. While all of these siege machines were useful, none of them had the range, or were as powerful, accurate, and widely used as the trebuchet (Gurstelle 18-22).

The physics behind a catapult can be a complex topic to grasp. But, when broken down, looking individually at their historical uses, design types, and related physics concepts, it’s surprisingly simple to form an opinion on which catapult design is most effective and why. These categories, when combined, define the uses, functionality, and effectiveness of the historical (and modern day) catapult.

When it comes to accuracy and consistency the T3 Varmint is hard to surpass. The bolt-action rifle is reliable whether you use it in the range or in the plains. The Varmint sports a free-floating barrel which eliminates vibration and is guaranteed not to overheat during use.

These are the two most crucial equations because now the jumper knows the angle of the ramp, the distance he needs to launch over, and the speed he needs to reach in order to clear the gap. He also knows how high he can expect himself launch, that way there are no surprises. The calculations are very important to the success of a motorcycle jump, but physics also play a role in the development of improvements.

The most common shafted weapon was the lance. The typical medieval lance consisted of two parts: the shaft, usually made of wood, and a steel head or point. The shape and design of lances varied according to their purpose and the period. Up to the 1000s, Byzantine cavalry had 12-foot lances, while western European knights carried much shorter lances, 8 to 10 feet in length. Battle lances had sharp points, while tournament lances were tipped with blunt projections that helped prevent them from piercing armor. Other shafted weapons included various types of spears and pole arms* , including the halberd* , poleax* , and partisan*

The physics concepts associated with them are projectile motion, energy, momentum, forces , speeds, and distances. The kinds of catapults all use the same theme of accumulated tension, but acquire that tension in their own way, their own design. The Mangonel catapult for instance, is what most of us think of as the traditional catapult. A large wooden device with four wheels and a spoon that launches fireballs. The Mangonel stores energy much like a spring would, therefore, we use the equation PEspring = 1/2kx^2. The tension in the ropes and arms of the catapult when pulling on its long arm stores potential energy which is transformed into kinetic energy when fired upon.

Ever thought about that one wall that you wished was never there well know you can with this easy weapon called a trebuchet is it cheap and easy to put together, it is not very dangerous so don't let your parents tell you what it is and isn't take up your trebuchet that you built and take control