FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY
Bachelor of Engineering Technology (Pharmaceutical) with Honours
BTP2153 Pharmaceutical Formulation Method
ASSIGNMENT 1
NAME: KONG YEE TONG
MATRIC NO: TD 14004
LECTURER: DR. KRISHNAMOORTHY MASILAMANI
DUE DATE: 9 MAY 2016
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Based on United State Pharmacopeia, pastes are defined as semisolid dosage forms that contain one or more drug substances intended for topical application. (Pharmaceutical Dosage Form, 2009) Pastes are also intended for application to oral cavity or mucous membranes besides the skin. Pastes are usually prepared from fats, fatty oils, petrolatum, paraffin, waxes, glycerin or water by mixing homogeneously powdered drug with the foregoing materials as bases. (General Requirements for Pharmaceutical Preparation) There are two classes of paste which are fatty pastes and non-greasy pastes which is made from single phase aqueous gel.
Although the preparations of pastes are similar to ointment, there are still having differences between paste and ointment. Compared to ointments and gels, pastes contain a high proportion of finely powdered medicaments. Pastes are generally composed of ointment bases that contain a high concentration (frequently 50%w/w) of dispersed drug. Hence, the viscosity of pastes is higher than that of pharmaceutical ointment. The base for pastes may be anhydrous (liquid or soft paraffin) or water soluble (glycerol or mucilage). (Prashant, 2010)
Furthermore, pastes take some
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First, the medical assistant should convert the doctor’s prescription into layman’s terms for Doris. Medication A is two teaspoons by mouth every four hours. Medication B is 2.5 milliliters by mouth three times daily (Fulcher, Fulcher, & Soto, 2012, p. 1b). Doris should be cautious of confusing her medication dosages as that could lead to possible overdose. If Doris is afraid of mixing her medications, the medical assistant should convert to the unit that Doris is more comfortable with. For example, if Doris prefers milliliters, she should take around 9.8 milliliters of medication A. Alternatively, medication B could be taken at .5 teaspoons (Fulcher, Fulcher, & Soto, 2012, p. 131). Patients taking multiple medications should have a medication
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Topical medications come in the form of creams and gels and are applied directly to the skin surface usually to treat skin conditions.
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Topical-This would be a type of medication applied to the surface/skin on the body i.e. creams, foams gels,
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