Case Study: Hazratganj Urban Renewal Project

iv) investigate the demographic changes in pyrmont. Describe the change in demographics before and after the urban renewal of pyrmont

In 1900, Pyrmont was an important port and industrial area, with a population of almost 30 000 people. There was a wide range of industries and services present including wharves, dockyards, warehouses, abattoirs, wool stores, railway yards and even an incinerator for the disposal of Sydney’s waste. It was deemed a working-class suburb with a predominantly Irish/Catholic population. As the income for Pyrmont was only modest, semi-detached cottages were the most common type of housing present.

In the 19th century pyrmont was known to be a slum area. After the second world war pyrmount started to decompose when industries closed down and the locals moved to other suburbs. The government at the time initiated the Better Cities Program to renovate the place. The City West Development Corporation was developed with the mission to replace the community in 1992. In 1999 the responsibility to renew the place was given to the Sydney Harbour Foreshore Authority. This led pyrmount to a bigger community of 13,000 by 2004. There was also an increase of trade with businesseses moving back into the suburb. There was a total of 22,000 employees. Nearly all industrial function is gone from the community and is now renewed by low and high rise residential

There are within the city ten principal squares or market places, besides innumerable shops along the streets. .... On the nearer bank ... stand large stone warehouses provided for merchants who arrive from India and other parts with their goods and effects. They are thus situated conveniently close to the market squares. In each of these, three days in every week, from forty to fifty thousand persons come to these markets and supply them with every article that could be desired.

How successful has the regeneration of urban areas been given the variety of ways it has been undertaken (40 marks)

The author Jeff Speck is city planner and an urban designer. He is trying to save Americans lives by trying to make the city more walkable since automobiles have now become a great danger to the Americans. This book is more concerned with cars and buildings in order to achieve the goal of a walkable city. People are the lifeblood of the city and not cars therefore, in order to pull off the feat of ushering America to the urban century, there is need to prove to people that walkability is important and also that their actions and decisions will help will to improve this aspect.

Media presentation (10 min): in order to create a better understanding of the meaning of the noun Bazaar, which is a borrowed word from Persian language, and originally referred to the open-air markets, with side-by-side shops and stalls common throughout the region, a power point presentation will be introduced that

We know that the city has been designed mainly for the car and this auto centricity has created

Small roads with interconnecting patterns of streets and sidewalks within the complex, instead of huge highways surrounding and isolating them, began to be greatly favoured. However, New Urbanism, too, like all other architectural styles had its drawbacks. Alex Marshall, a journalist, argued that New Urbanism was essentially a grand fraud, a gimmick, a marketing scheme that repackaged the conventional suburban sprawl behind the façade of nostalgic imagery and empty aspirational slogans. In some cases that adopted this style, the span of the complex was so large, that providing only pedestrian pathways was not feasible and reliance on automobile was constructed. In other cases, automobiles were allowed inside the complex, maybe a bit too liberally, forcing the design to lose its essence. Also, some so-called New Urbanist designs implement the strategy of segregating spaces according to function and the connecting them through a couple of bridges plonked here and there. So, these towns only wear the veil of a New Urbanist town whereas it is actually following the hundred-and-fifty-year old prototype of an urban

The "socialist” city was constructed after World War II to accommodate the rapid increase of people caused by industrialization. The general appearance of this type of city was heavily influenced by what was in practice in the Soviet Union. The city has vast streets and large public areas. Housing consists of four tofive story apartment buildings. Normally, construction was sub-par. Apartments commonly consist of two or three rooms plus a kitchen and a bathroom. All apartments have access to gas, electricity, and municipal water and most have central heating. There is minimal space for parking and children's play. The center of the city is devoted to government buildings, not to commercial outlets and the service sector. Places of employment, especially industry, are located some distance from

The city was becoming an inhumane place to live and today present different view. We are experiencing the emergence of a new urbanism that, unlike traditional planning does not seek the satisfaction only, of the maximum economic efficiency of a city, where the flow of capital, selling cars, real estate speculation and manufacturing productivity are above the minimum human needs. The "New Urbanism" offers a balanced city, where economic, social and environmental are in the same plane of importance, where humans and their physiological and psychological needs are the starting point of urban planning. The New Urbanism simply proposes a human city; we might well call, planning of the city for the Humans.

Gentrification is a general term for the arrival of wealthier people in an existing urban district, a related increase in rents and property values, and changes in the district’s character and culture. The word draws controversy not only in its definition and meaning but also in the impact it has among human social life. It is a practice that is of ancient origin and has withstood the challenges of evolving times and is still practiced in the contemporary world. Proposers and opponents alike of the gentrifying phenomena take advantage of the numerous myths and misconceptions that surround the practice to advance their arguments. Urban planners have rooted for the inclusion of gentrification as one of the pillars of urban growth. With better economic status- better roads, better water supply system, better healthcare, reduced criminal activities and an overall uplifting of the quality of life economically- it is hard to argue against an overall gain from gentrification. Yet with all this, it has been the source of a lot of widespread animosity between social classes. It has also been blamed for a lot of cultural values erosion with in some instances complete override of the indigenous ways of life that the original inhabitants subscribed to. Green development is an urban development approach that utilizes green infrastructural growth and is aimed at alleviating negative impacts, or ideally have a net positive impact, on the environment and nearby ecosystems.

The symbolic meaning of figures and printing scheme reflects how local community describes the culture environment through their own ways. The style of street art well reflects the desire of local resident. Some symbols, as shown in Figure 2, make the community to be aware of the special atmosphere and culture identity. Local artist choose to draw their living attitude and personal impression on visible urban space to enrich the texture of Gentrification. Given the special setting, the visual impression of a community can be the best reflection of the appealing of gentrification.

Revitalization efforts in downtown areas have gained momentum over the past few decades, this paper is focused on revitalization strategies, recognizing the process of decline, while identifying key strategies used in downtown revitalization efforts over the past fifty years (Faulk 2006). Downtowns, unlike suburban shopping malls or office complexes, evolved slowly over time, responding to changing technologies, social and economic patterns. A city’s identity relies heavily on the image of its downtown, so inevitably cities of all sizes commit themselves to achieving successful downtown redevelopment (Robertson 1995). As I have been reading literature on downtown revitalization a number of strategies and principles have surfaced. Many of

Keeping all the above factors in to account, site near Surat which is a hub for various textile mills, chemical plants and others small and medium enterprises has been identified. There are more than one thousand textile mills located in Gujrat and out of these more than 50 percent mills are situated in this area only. These centers would ensure constant demand for the