Cardiovascular disease is the top killer of women and men in the United States (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011). It is predicted by the CDC that an American will have a severe cardiac event in about every 25 seconds. By reducing or eliminating controllable risk factors, one “could prevent or postpone substantially more deaths from CHD” (Capewell et al., 2010, p. 120). Heart disease, which researchers may refer to as coronary artery disease (CAD), CHD, or cardiovascular disease (CVD), can be avoided or “reduced by taking steps to prevent and control factors that put people at greater risk” (CDC, 2011). Correlating risk factor of heart disease include obesity, high cholesterol, diabetes, hypertension, unhealthy diet, secondhand …show more content…
p. 245). Ito et. al. conducted a genome association study that showed 2 risk alleles, identified as G1 and G2, in apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) that increased the occurrence of CVD in African Americans (p. 846-47). Along with genetics, there have been studies that have shown that chronic stressors in the African American community can affect their allostatic, which is described as the “wear and tear of the body” (Hickson et. al., 2012,. p. 1362). In this particular study, researches investigate the pattern of increasing dysfunction of allostatic load within African American adults (p. 1362). It argues that one's stress, which results from their environment, can negatively effect their cardiovascular health (p. 1364-65). With 4,048 participants, the cross-sectional reveals a link between socioeconomic status and allostatic load (p. 1363). The study concluded that lower income and education were linked to African Americans, who had the higher allostatic load scores (p. 1365-66). Of the African Americans in the study, the women had a slightly more stronger association to allostatic load (p. …show more content…
Researchers Shirato and Swan have found that cardiovascular disease, coronary artery disease in particular, is the more often the cause of death in women than all cancers combined (Shirato & Swan, 2010, p. 283). There are a large number of women living with heart disease. With one in three women estimated to suffer from CVD, women are also immensely affected illnesses that coexist with CVD. For instance, Shirato and Swan found that women with CVD are more likely than men with CVD to have diabetes (p. 282). It is proposed that 30,000 additional deaths are caused by trends between diabetes, obesity, and hypertension (Capewell et al., 2010). Despite the knowledge of how detrimental CVD can be towards women, it is still seen as a man’s
Heart disease is the leading cause of death among women in the United States. It is estimated that one in four women die from heart disease every year. Women are at a higher risk for heart disease than men because of a lack of knowledge and information. Women often feel the need to care for others before themselves and neglect their own health needs. As mothers, and sisters, and daughters it is important to protect our health for those that depend on us. Heart disease is preventable through knowledge and awareness and taking precautionary steps.
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States and is responsible for 17% of the national health expenditure (Heidenreich et al., 2011). In 1985, cardiovascular disease accounted for 10% of the gross domestic product. However, this number increased to 15% in 2008. Meanwhile, the expenses related to cardiovascular disease have increased
Clever’s Newspaper article opens with the common stereotype of someone who has a heart attack, a middle-aged workaholic man who is a little paunchy. Little do some know, heart disease isn’t just a man’s disease. More than one in five women have a form of heart or blood disease. When a woman reaches the age of 65, there is a one in three chance she will develop cardiovascular disease. The main argument of the article, said by Dr. Ted E. Garrett a cardiothoracic surgeon at the St. Louis Heart Institute, is that heart disease kills more women than all types of cancer, accidents, and diabetes combined. In the news article, the main point is that heart disease isn’t just a man’s disease. Symptoms of heart disease in women are different than in men,
Although the term cardiovascular disease refers to a disorder of the cardiovascular system, it is usually associated with atherosclerosis, also known as arterial disease. It is considered the leading cause of deaths in the world, taking 17.1 million lives a year. There are only a few factors that are non-modifiable, these being the persons age, gender, family history and their race and ethnicity. Although there are non-modifiable risk factors, there are multiple multiple risk factors that are modifiable that anyone can use to prevent getting any type of cardiovascular disease. These people just need to have the motivation to be able to change themselves and their lifestyles in order to better
Heart disease, also known cardiovascular disease, is an illness like none other; it takes an unfortunate toll on the body and causes many malfunctions. People who deal with this disorder suffer from problems such as heart attacks, coronary heart disease, heart failure, and more. Although heart disease is a major concern for many people, it is not as prevalent for those in certain parts of the world. This paper compares the rates of heart disease in the United States versus those in Japan. After studying this disease and how it affects people around the world, it is clear that Americans have much higher rates of heart disease than the Japanese, mainly because of risk factors, like poor diets and lack of exercise. By studying the history of heart disease in both countries, the implications of the disorder, and different populations impacted, it is clear that heart disease is a major epidemic around the world. The evidence that reports the differences of heart disease rates between America and Japan is astounding.
Heart disease is the leading cause of fatality in the United States accounting for 610,000 deaths each year or one in every four deaths (CDC, 2015). Even though cardiovascular disease affects men and women, it is more likely for women to pass away within the first year after a heart attack (The Gender, 2015). There are several different explanations proposed as to why this gender gap in longevity after a heart attack exists. The most common reason for the gender gap is a person’s genetic traits and lifestyle. In order to understand the risk factors for women, we must first understand what heart disease is. Then we can examine the risk factors of heart disease, the causes, and finally prevention and treatment.
Heart disease is the leading cause of fatality accounting for every one in four deaths in the United States (CDC, 2015). Even though cardiovascular disease affects men and women, it is more likely for women to pass away within the first year after a heart attack (The Gender, 2015). There are several different explanations proposed as to why this gender gap exists. A person’s genetic traits and habits can increase their risk for heart disease. In order to understand the risk factors for women, we must first understand what heart disease is. Then we can examine the risk factors of heart disease, the causes, and finally prevention and treatment.
We all know someone who has suffered from heart disease. Whether it was from a heart attack, congestive heart failure, or stroke, some type of cardiovascular disease has taken the life of someone we loved way too soon. This epidemic of heart disease must be stopped through the collaboration of physicians, nurses, law makers, and concerned citizens. The purpose of this paper is to examine cardiovascular disease, the risks associated with heart disease and obesity per Milo’s framework, comparison of obesity and Healthy People 2020 national goals, and finally the long-term and short-term goals and interventions selected for this paper.
Cardiovascular disease is any disease that relates to structural compromises or an obstruction of the blood vessels. Two of the most common types of cardiovascular disease involve obstructions of the arteries or the thinning of the arteries causing an increase in blood pressure. According to the American Heart Association’s article, a 14 year study found that a body mass index of twenty three to twenty five showed an increase in coronary heart disease of fifty percent. Also men from the ages of forty to sixty five with a body mass index of twenty five to twenty nine showed an increase of seventy five percent in risk for coronary heart disease. With increased weight comes
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most common cause of mortality worldwide, especially in developed countries. But they are also largely preventable, and many studies have tried to clarify the related risk factors, and what could be done to avoid them.
Choices such as diet and nutrition, physical activity, and weight management all play a role in the risks of developing Coronary Artery Disease. “A healthy diet is one of the best weapons you have to fight cardiovascular disease.” (American Heart Association). What you eat or drink and the amount of food ingested can result in a higher risk of CAD. A diet that contains nutrient-rich foods, fruits, vegetables with a low intake of sweets and red meat lowers this risk exponentially. Excessive alcohol consumption increases the risks as well. Alcohol can raise blood pressure and cause obesity. Physical activity can influence the chances of developing CAD. “Regular, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity helps reduce the risk of heart and blood vessel disease.” (American Heart Association). An inactive lifestyle can equal increased weight gain that leads to more lethal problems in the future. Obesity causes many health issues that can be link to CAD. Diabetes is a perfect example for this. Being overweight increases the risk of developing diabetes, a disease in which a person’s glucose levels need constant control. A sustained weight loss of 3 to 5 percent body weight can reduce a person’s blood pressure, cholesterol and blood glucose, which are all beneficial in efforts to prevent
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most common and well known afflictions in modern society. It kills and hospitalizes many people every year. CVD is actually a rather broad category of affliction. It encompasses any disease or condition that affects the heart. These conditions have effects that range from mild to surgical repair and even to death in extreme cases. The causes of CVD are fairly well known. It is directly linked to both physical activity (and the obesity that it prevents) and body mass index (BMI) in the research that we have studied. The BMI is a measure of the proportion of the body that is made up of fat. The higher a person's BMI number is, the more body fat they have. The combination of
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of death among individuals with type 2 diabetes, in whom adverse cardiovascular outcomes occur, on average, 14.6 years earlier [5] and with increased severity compared to individuals without diabetes mellitus. People with type 2 diabetes have twofold-increased risk of developing ASCVD [6]. The increment in the diabetic population with cardiovascular events reflects the steady increase in the number of older individuals in the United States and the improved survival of individuals with diabetes. Prevalence of obesity, which is related to risk for ASCVD and diabetes, is also on an upsurge in the United States as well as globally.
Chronic diseases are long lasting disease. Chronic diseases, such as heart disease, stroke, cancer, type 2 diabetes, obesity and arthritis are the most common and preventable health problems. These diseases generally cannot be prevented by vaccines or medication, nor do they disappear, but they can be prevented by having a healthy lifestyle since some of the major contributors are tobacco use, lack of physical activity, and bad eating habits. Cardiovascular disease is leading cause of death and disability in the United State and No. 1 killer of women, it claims more lives than all forms of cancer combined killing 380,000 people annually. About 720,000 people in the US suffer heart attacks each year. 1 in 31 death of women is
Research shows that the main cause of death in the United States has been found to be cardiovascular disease. The leading type of cardiovascular disease is Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and it accounts for the majority of these deaths. Coronary Artery disease is a type of blood vessel disorder that is included in the general category of Atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is often referred to as “hardening of the arteries.” (Lewis, 2011) Individuals with CAD have genetic predisposition. Familial hypercholesterolemia, meaning high cholesterol in the blood, has been linked with CAD at early ages. In majority of cases of hypercholesterolemia, clients who have angina or myocardial infarction (MI) can name a parent or sibling who has died from CAD. Individuals who have incidence of coronary artery disease are often more likely to fit the demographic of middle aged, Caucasian males. Coronary Artery disease is also present among African American, Hispanic, and Native American ethnicities. African Americans have earlier onset and African American females have a higher death rate and incidence than Caucasian women. Native Americans over the age of 35 years have mortality rates twice as high as any other American because of the modifiable risk factors that include tobacco use, hypertension, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. Gender, a non-modifiable risk factor also plays a role on the individual with coronary artery disease. Men start to exhibit signs and symptoms of CAD 10 years earlier