Integrative Problem and Study Questions Mark Camagong FIN 370 January 20, 2010 Art Philibert Week 4 Assignment Integrative Problem and Study Questions 1. Why is the capital-budgeting process so important? Capital budgeting decisions involve investments requiring large cash outlays at the beginning of the life of the project and commit the firm to a particular course of action over a relatively long period of time. As such, they are costly and difficult to reverse, both because of: (1) their large cost and (2) the fact that they involve fixed assets, which cannot be liquidated easily. 2. Why is it difficult to find exceptionally profitable projects? It is hard to …show more content…
Only by examining cash flows are we able to correctly analyze the timing of the benefit or cost. Also, we are only interested in these cash flows on an after tax basis as only those flows are available to the shareholder. The incremental cash flows interest us because, looking at the project from the point of the company as a whole, the incremental cash flows are the marginal benefits from the project and, as such, are the increased value to the firm from accepting the project. 10-4. How do sunk cost affect the determination of cash flows associated with an investment proposal? When evaluating a capital budgeting proposal we are interested in only the incremental after-tax cash flows to the company as a whole. Regardless of the decision made on the investment at hand, the sunk costs will have already occurred, which means these are not incremental cash flows. Therefore, they are irrelevant. 10-6. What are common reasons for capital rationing? Is capital rationing rational? There are three principal reasons for imposing a capital rationing constraint. First, the management may feel that market conditions are temporarily adverse. The second reason is a manpower shortage, that is, a shortage of qualified managers to direct new projects. The final reason involves intangible considerations. Whether or not this is a rational move depends upon the extent of the rationing. If it is minor and non-continuing,
A capital budget is very important for a business. It is a heated subject because a decision about capital budgeting can help the business to determine if the proposed investments or project are worth taking or not. There are two things that a business has to take into consideration when it is making a capital budget decision. First there are financial decisions that have to be made. Second, there is an investment decision that is also
Capital Budgeting encourages managers to accurately manage and control their capital expenditure. By providing powerful reporting and analysis, managers can take control of their budgets.
Capital Budgeting encourages managers to accurately manage and control their capital expenditure. By providing powerful reporting and analysis, managers can take control of their budgets.
Virtually all general managers face capital-budgeting decisions in the course of their careers. Among the most common of these is the either/or choice about a capital investment. The following describes some general guidelines to orient the decision-maker in these situations.
2. The $150,000 test marketing cost should not be included in the analysis because it is a sunk cost. A sunk cost is an outlay related to the project that
The relatively well posed project with promises of great future pay offs must be examined closely nevertheless to determine its true profitability. As such, the Super Project’s NPV must be calculated, however before we proceed we must acknowledge the relevant cash flows. The project incurred an expense of testing the market. This expense, however, must not be included in our cash flow analysis because it can be considered a sunk cost. This expense is required for ‘taking a temperature’ of the market and will not be recovered. Other sources of cash flow include:
Capital budgeting is the most important management tool that enables managers of the organization to select the investment option that yields comprehensive cash flows and rate of return. For managers availability of capital whether in form of debt or equity is very limited and thus it become imperative for them to invest their limited and most important resource in perfect option that could prove to beneficial for the organization in the long run (Hickman et al, 2013). However, while using capital budgeting tool managers must understand its quantitative and qualitative considerations that are discussed below.
In this meeting we learned that around 80% of the auxiliary orders was being returned by patients for refunds. The main causes was that the product was uncomfortable, tore easily (unreliable), and that patients would rather get it locally for much cheaper. With this upper management asked for us not to offer the products to patients into further notice. We also discussed that the only sunk cost in this situation is the hiring and training of new sale agents which we couldn't consider in order to discontinue the project. We all understood that this cost wouldn't be recovered as well. According to Accounting Tool" A sunk cost is a cost that an entity has incurred, and which it can no longer recover by any means. Sunk costs should not be considered when making the decision to continue investing in an ongoing project, since these costs cannot be recovered. Instead, only relevant costs should be considered. However, many managers continue investing in projects because of the sheer size of the amounts already invested in the past. They do not want to "lose the investment" by curtailing a project that is proving to not be profitable, so they continue pouring more cash into it. Rationally, they should consider earlier investments to be sunk costs, and therefore exclude them from consideration when deciding whether to continue with further investments. " We convinced
Cash flow analysis should not include the interest expense. We discount project cash flows with a cost of capital that is the rate of return required by all investors. Interest expenses are part of the costs of capital. If we subtracted them from cash flows, we would be double counting capital costs.
According to Zimmerman (2014), sunk costs are expenditures incurred in the past which cannot be recovered. Since sunk costs are not recoverable, they are irrelevant in the decision-making process. However, consideration should be taken into account in creating strategies on future cost in business or investment endeavors.
* positive, the benefits are more than large enough to repay the company for (1) the asset 's cost, (2) the cost of financing the project, and (3) a rate of return that adequately compensates the company for the risk found in the cash flow estimates.
Investment>>Capital Budgeting: The management of long-term (fixed) assets. Ensures investment projects create (vs destroy) value.
Capital Budgeting (otherwise called venture evaluation) is the most critical instrument in corporate account to figure out if an organization 's long haul speculations are advantageous or not. It is otherwise called speculation a Working capital are the assets important to bolster the operation of the enduring resources. Different cases will be utilized to outline Capital Budgeting methodology is the path toward orchestrating and controlling capital utilization inside a firm. Capital Budgeting is over a period more unmistakable than the period considered under a working spending arrangement. Capital arranging incorporates the mission for sensible hypothesis open entryways; case, (for instance, placing assets into R&D, opening another
The primary reason executives initiate capital investment projects is value creation for stockholders. The objective of these investments is to create a higher total return consisting of dividend income and capital gains. Our initial question in corporate finance is to assess how new capital investments, like a factory, equipment purchase, or
In todays global market place every company or organization is looking for a way to get ahead of its competition. Every owner, CEO, or president is looking for away to keep his or her company or organization on solid financial ground. The one thing that they realize is, in order for a company or organization to stay solvent they will need to find away to stay competitive in this global market place. They have found that this may be done by some type of investment(s), in the form of acquisition, and or merger. In the world of business, capital budgeting is one of the most important steps that a company or organization can take. This process is called Capital budgeting. Capital budgeting is a process that attempts to determine the future. Before any large project begins, the capital budgeting process should be utilized. Without capital budgeting, your company could make a fatal mistake. A company or organization that is looking to invest its resources in a project without knowledge of the risks and returns involved could be seen as being reckless and irresponsible by its owners or shareholders. In the economic business world that we are currently in if a company or organization has no way of gauging the effectiveness of its investment most likely that the business will have little chance of surviving in a highly competitive marketplace (Clayman, Fridson, & Troughton, 2012).