Breast cancer is a malignancy of the breast tissue, which can occur in both women and men. Worldwide, the most prevalent cancer in the world is breast cancer (4.4 million survivors up to 5 years following diagnosis).
Global Scenario: It is estimated 1.67 million new cancer cases diagnosed in 2012 (25.2% of all cancers), with 5, 21,817 deaths accounting 14.7% mortality world over and ranks first overall (GLOBOCAN (IACR), 2014). It is now the most common cancer both in developed and developing regions (Jemal et al., 2011 Global cancer statistics). Incidence rates vary from 19.3 per 100,000 women in Eastern Africa to 89.9 per 100,000 women in Western Europe, and are high (greater than 80 per 100,000) in developed regions of the world (except
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It is expected that in the coming decades, these countries would account for majority of new breast cancer patients diagnosed globally. Breast cancer cases are expected to increase by 26% by 2020 and most of these will be seen in developing countries (Anonymous, 2009). It is estimated that by 2030 the global burden of breast cancer will increase to over 2 million new cases per year (IARC, 2011) (GLOBOCAN, 2008).Such alarming statistics of occurrence and mortality rates make it one of the most important health hazards.
Indian Scenario: breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women with respect to incidence, frequency, and mortality (Yeole, 2008). According to recent IARC report, annual incidence of breast cancer in India is 1, 44,937 with a mortality of 90,659 (GLOBOCAN 2012). It is estimated that by 2030 the number of new cases of breast cancer in India will reach just under 200000 per year (Ferlay J, 2010). In the urban areas of India, cervical cancer had the highest incidence of cancer 15 years ago but has been overtaken by breast cancer as the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women (Pal and Mittal, 2004). As per the ICMR-PBCR data, breast cancer is the commonest cancer among women in urban registries of Delhi, Mumbai, Ahmedabad, Kolkata, and Trivandrum where it constitutes >30% of all cancers in females (National Cancer Registry Programme,
Over the past decade breast cancer has become one of the most predominant diseases in the United States. Breast cancer starts out as a malignant tumor in the tissues of the breast which is formed from the uncontrolled growth of abnormal breast cells. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, but it can also appear in men. (Stephan, 2010)
Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer among women. Despite the many technological advances that have been made to detect breast cancer at earlier stages, it continues to kill more women than any other cancer. Breast cancer affects all women, but the mortality rates from it are significantly higher in Black women than any other group (Hunt, Whitman, & Hurlbert, 2013). These rates are especially concerning when considering that White women are diagnosed at much higher rates.
There are many different diseases that terrorize the human race every day. Of all of these sicknesses, one of the most devastating is breast cancer. Breast cancer touches all types of people all over the world each day. It is actually the second most common cancer amongst women in the United States. One in every eight women in the United States has some form of breast cancer and currently, the death rates are higher than any other cancer with the exception of lung cancer. Cancer is defined by the Merriam-Webster Online dictionary as “a malignant tumor of potentially unlimited growth that expands locally by invasion and systemically by metastasis.” Therefore, breast cancer is a disease of
Breast Cancer affects one in eight of American women, and is the second most common cause of cancer death in America. I chose to write my term paper on breast cancer because it is a disease that has effected some members of my family. Due to this possibly inherited condition, I felt that researching the topic would help me learn ways to prevent the disease and educate myself to perform self-exams that may result in early detection.
According to the United States Breast Cancer Statistics (2016), in 2016 there will be an estimated 246,660 newly diagnosed cases of invasive breast cancer and 61,000 of non-invasive breast cancer among women. For this reason, when studying breast cancer based on a large-scale impact, it not only affects the patient themselves but, as well as their families and communities nationwide. Furthermore, many contributing factors lead to this being such a public health issue. Conclusively, there are specific programs, services, and policies that help to assist the contributing factors of such a public health threat. Nevertheless, breast cancer is still an increasing concern in society, and much-needed research is required to be able to detect and treat this disease.
“Cancer” is the name for a group of diseases that start in the body at the cellular level. Even though there are many different kinds of cancer, they all begin with abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. These abnormal cells lump together to form a mass of tissue or “malignant tumor”. Malignant means that it can spread to other parts of the body or Metastasize . If the breast is the original location of the cancer growth or malignant tumor, the tumor is called breast cancer. (American Cancer Society, 2014, as cited in cbcf.org)
Despite significant advances in research, Breast Cancer is still the most common cancer, affecting both men and especially women. In the US, 232, 670 new cases of invasive breast cancer were expected to be diagnosed along 62,570 new cases of non-invasive breast cancer in women and about 2,360 new cases of invasive breast cancer were expected to be diagnosed in men in just 2014 .
Breast cancer is a leading cause of death of women, secondary only to heart disease. Breast cancer will affect one of every eight women or approximately 12% of the population. In 2016 there are 246,660 new cases of invasive breast cancer that will be diagnosed as well as 46,000 cases of breast cancer in situ in women. Additionally, there are 2,600 cases of breast cancer that will be found in men. Breast cancer rates have been decreasing since the year 2000. This is thought to be partially due to increased screening measures as well as discontinuing the use of hormone replacement therapy. There was as positive link established between hormone therapy
Breast cancer is a disease in which certain cells in the breast become abnormal and multiply uncontrollably to form a tumor. Breast cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in women. (Only skin cancer is more common.) About one in eight women in the United States will develop invasive breast cancer in her lifetime. Researchers estimate that more than 230,000 new cases of invasive breast cancer will be diagnosed in U.S. women in 2015. Cancers occur when a buildup of mutations in critical genes—those that control cell growth and division or repair damaged DNA—allow cells to grow and divide uncontrollably to form a tumor. Breast cancer can be caused by inherited genetic factors. These genetic
Breast Cancer is a cancerous tumor that has developed within the cells of the breast. The most ordinary area in the breast for breast cancer to develop is the ducts, and less ordinary in the lobules of the breast. The cancerous cells can intrude healthy breast tissue over time, or cells can break off from the tumor and travel to the lymph nodes and into the lymphatic system which could take them to other parts of the body (“Breast Cancer-Woman’s”).
One of my favorite places to go to is michigan me and my family try to go every year and we go to a michigan game. The michigan football stadium is the biggest and best stadium in the united states and it is so loud in there and so fun everyone talks to everyone and everyone is so nice. michigan is also very fun because it is a very good place to go fishing. There are charters that you can go fishing off of in the great lakes.
Prometheus, in Greek mythology and literature, is known widely and most obviously for his many enthralling elements. Though there is a wide array of dissimilar stories told of Prometheus, the most dominant and popular one is told by Hesiod in his Theogony. From Hesiod’s account, Prometheus was the great Titan who defied the Greek gods and stole fire from Hephaestus for the use and helping of mankind. This act facilitated the progression for civilization. Ultimately, there are three main points for the various interpretations of Prometheus in literature and mythology, Firstly; Prometheus was punished on behalf of Zeus for his transgression. Infuriated beyond despair, he hid the helpings of human living; fire, solely due to Prometheus’
The incidence rates of in situ breast cancer increased by 2.8% every year between 2005 and 2009.
In December of 1994, a young college student named Jake Baker posted one of his fiction pieces in an alt.sex newsgroup. Usually, his contributions to this widely-read site consisted of short stories about rape, torture, and murder of women. In this particular newsgroup post, he continued with his usual contributions; however, he took it a bit further by writing about one of his fellow classmates, using her name and identity in the piece. Faculty members at the University of Michigan discovered his story and later expelled him from school. Federal agents then raided his house, arrested him, and discovered copies of e-mail Baker had exchanged with a Canadian, mapping out his and the Canadian's plan to
In recent years, cancer prevalence has been increasing globally. It is now one of the top 10 causes of death among the middle and high income countries worldwide (World Health Organisation, 2008). In Singapore, cancer has surpassed cardiovascular disease and become the top killer over the last 3 years (Ministry of Health, 2007). Breast cancer tops the chart among Singaporean women (Health Promotion Board, 2007). Thousands of women are diagnosed with breast cancer annually and it causes approximately 270 deaths each year (Jara-Lazaro, et al., 2010). The lifetime risk that a woman in Singapore getting breast cancer is now 1 in every 17 which has risen compared to past two decades (National Cancer Centre Singapore, 2006). Hence, breast