Professor D. Anderson
Jerry “Sean” Hughes
Lab D
Beetle experiment
Abstract:
Some studies and experiments have shown that population growth can be followed with the flour beetle (Tribolium confusum). Studying these beetles for over a month in varying habitats showed there was a dramatic increase in the populations with larger quantities of food, and a much slower growth rate with more space and the space amount of food. The experiment that I conducted provides a direct correlation between the roles of space and food in a controlled study of these differing populations.
Introduction:
Thomas Malthus, in the year 1798, found that varying populations of both plants and animals are geometrically progressive. Populations increase
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My prediction that the more food the Tribolium confusum had, the larger their population will become, stands correct.
But my prediction on the limit of space had on the population growth was proven wrong. I predicted that the more space the Tribolium confusum had, the more the population would grow. In this prediction there ended up being less population when more space was added to the jars. One possible factor could have been the food was spread out over a larger area with more space added and due to this the Adults did not meet as often and therefore mate and lay eggs as much. Another factor could have been that the beetles became territorial and fought over the food supply in their areas causing more deaths as the numbers showed in the tables. Maybe given more time, if more food was available to the beetles with more space the population would have grown, but for our experiment it showed us a slower growth pattern for the beetles.
This study did help me find some kind of relationship between food, space, and population increase, but the experiment was only for a short span of time. If we could have studied the Tribolium confusum for an extended period, we may have been able to come to a conclusion on how the population ultimately regulates itself when it reaches its maximum size. Reading some of Young’s studies on beetle growth, one could see
There are many horrendous effects that come from population growth. One of the many major effects include decreasing amounts of available land. Another is the decreasing amount of essential natural resources. A part
A two-part study was recently done to show what natural habitat a Pill bug, Armadillidium vulgare, naturally prefers: wet or dry environments along with a light or dark environment. It was hypothesized that a Pill bug would prefer and wet and dark environment based on its natural habitat of soil. For the wet and dry experiment, a coffee filter and soil were placed in each chamber of a double petri dish with one being dampened before being placed in. For the light and dry experiment a light was hung above one chamber of another double-chambered petri dish while the other chamber was covered with aluminum foil, after placing soil in both chambers. An equal number of Pill bugs was placed in each chamber and a study was taken for
The “predators” in this experiment were three different types of tools, a tweezer, a wooden clothespin, and a clothes clip. At the start of the first round, there were ten beans for each different type of bean. Nearly all the white beans were taken out of the first round, only one survived. This was because the white beans were large, non slippery, and easy to catch. Red beans and green beans were not as easy to catch. Based on the data and the graph, the tweezers captured the most beans in this round and the clothes clip had the least (w/ only one white bean).
In this experiment, we tested three different environments, soil, sand, and a leafy mixture to see which one a pill bug would prefer the most. Originally, we believed that the pill bug would find the leafy substance to be most favorable. Five pill bugs and then a single pill bug was placed in the center so that it could select one of the substrates. The data collected at the end of the experiment opposed our original hypothesis as we discovered that the most favored environment was the soil. This finding could correlate with the dark color of the soil closely matching the color of the pill bug or the moisture in the soil.
If a non native beetle began to kill most of the autotrophs than the number of organisms would decrease. The herbivores would die out and that would lead to the omnivores and the carnivores having to rely on meat, which means many will starve and die out especially if an organism only eats one
To examine the data, we created a line graph with three lines for the three areas the pill bugs were in every minute. The graph helped to visually solidify our claim that pill bugs preferred dirt since we could see the trends across time. We could see how the pill bugs reacted to the environmental stimuli using the chart and
When looking at the spreadsheet, the bird lasted nine years in the first simulation and ten years in the second simulation. The first simulation started out with seventeen blue beetles (ten were eaten) and decreased to fifteen(eleven were eaten), eleven (ten were eaten), one (got eaten), and then became extinct after just five years. In the second simulation, the blue beetle population started with seventeen (thirteen were eaten), and decreased to sixteen (twelve eaten), fourteen (eleven were eaten) , eight (eight were eaten), and then became extinct. The green population increased from one, then three, eight, nineteen, ended up at twenty until the bird died after nine years in the first simulation. In the second simulation, the green beetles
METHODS: In this experiment, the instructor provided us with 30 ebony individuals and 20 wild type individuals. In order to get an exact amount of each type, we anesthetized the flies and counted them off by gently using a fine point paint brush. Then all 50 Drosophila were put into a population cage which had a lid that had six holes for the centrifuge tubes. Two food tubes and four clean, empty tubes were added on the first day. Each food tube consisted of half a cup full of food mixed with 6-7 milliliters of water. This was the fly medium. The food should turn blue once the water is added. Each tube was labeled with a number and with the date. Every two to three days we added one more food tube until all 6 tubes contained the fly medium. After all 6 tubes were filled, the following days after we exchanged the first food tube with a new food tube. At the end of the experiment, we fed the flies with a total of 8 food tubes. Then the flies were anesthetized, again. At the end of this four week lab, the number of living ebony and wild
This can explain why growth and survivorship seem to remain constant within a population regardless of resource availability. Ban et al. (2009) also found that Daphnia pulex grown under crowded conditions grew much more slowly than those that were grown alone, even when the food supply was sufficient. The individuals grown in a high density population were also observed to have a smaller net reproductive rate, due to the essential need for them to conserve resources necessary for their own survival. These sources, as well as the results obtained from our experiment, support the claim that higher population densities result in reduced rates of reproduction and decreased chances of survival.
Over the last few decades in North America an insect has wreaked havoc on the coniferous trees that inhabit the Rocky Mountains. The insect known as the Mountain Pine Bark Beetle, or Dendroctonus ponderosae although once an important part of the cycle of life in the pines of the Rocky Mountains has recently grown out of control. Because of the beetles need to live inside of trees, they have adapted the ability to fight against the trees defenses, but in doing so have endangered the trees by cutting off their source of moisture throughout the tree. The Mountain pine beetle has an interesting physiology that allows it to burrow into trees. This causes many
Thomas Malthus said that population would grow faster than the food supply until problems made it decline.
In this chapter the author stresses the importance of creatures that pollinate such as insects, birds,
The Dig Deeper provides more information on the main article. This Dig Deeper shows a graph illistrating the population of cicadas. The x-axis represents the time in years, and the y-axis represents the amount of adult 17-year cicades in thousands per acer. At year 17 the population rose to 100 thousand per acre. Then, 17 years later at 34 years, the population rose to over 125 thousand per acre. During the 17 year gap the population immeditatil drops to zero. This occurs because the adulat lay their eggs then die and the nexy generation hatches after 17 years. This information betters my understanding because I can tell how dracticaly the population changes.
Other services nature provides are more easily taken for granted. We depend on plant life to replenish the oxygen in the atmosphere, and on insects to replace nutrients in the soil. (31) These insects are especially vital, as they are part of the foundation of nearly all ecosystems. Without insects, plant species that rely on them for pollination would quickly become extinct, including many of the species we rely on for food. Following them would be species that feed on insects, as well as species which rely on vegetation as part of their habitats. Finally, as insects make the prime contribution to soil renewal, even non-insect pollinated plant life would begin to decline. (34) The result, according to Wilson, would
As population increases, the need to expand becomes more evident. The huge consumption and need for more food, land, water, and energy have