Asc's Submarines

After World War II in the 20th century, the United States and the Soviet Union were the new “Superpowers”. These two major nations had two conflicting political ideologies which were stated as Capitalism and Communism, and this had Australia right in the middle of the story. Since Australia has very strong ties with the US, making it even stronger after involving in the Vietnam War and also grew strong with the ‘SEATO’ and ‘ANZUS’ with the fear of the so called ‘domino theory’ and the foreign policies which including the Forward Defence Policy. This, however, allowed Australia to gain a closer chance to go to war in Vietnam.

There were many negative and positive effects while John Curtin the prime minister of Australia had to go through the struggles of the war. In 1942 he tried to convince the Australian Labour Party to let men overseas that were conscripted. Curtin soon realised that his men would have to fight across the Pacific to protect Australia's mainland. Although Curtin had many difficulties with the Allied forces he never had the same right of bringing a larger armed force in the was, just like England and America. When the prime minister brought the Australian troops back he found that he had to do something to protect Australia's mainland.The prime minister of Britain wanted the Australian troops to fight outside in Burma. Curtin had to get the outside community’s help to support him during the war. Curtin also face the powerful Communist Party of Australia because of the trading issues. During the time of war it was expected that Australia's mainland was under serious threat. There were many practices that the government decided to overcome this issue. After the Japanese attack in 1942, the Australian shores were not protected. Many days later their was another attack in Darwin, also in Sydney in May 1942.

Furthermore, the ANZUS Treaty is one of Australia 's tools to keep its membership and role in the Western community. Since the United States has played a crucial role in the Asia-Pacific region, particularly in terms of security for over the last seven decades, the security alliance between Australia and the United States also provides beneficial assistance regarding to the Australia 's capability of self-reliant defense. Negotiated treaties with the United States allow Australia to

Australia 's US alliance is unquestionably its single most important security relationship. The security relationship between Australia and the U.S. was sealed with the introduction of the Australia New Zealand United States treaty (ANZUS) which was signed in 1951 (Taylor, 2016). The ANZUS treaty was instigated by the three nations to protect the security of the Pacific. Although New Zealand no longer holds security ties with U.S., the treaty is still in place and was the first of many formal alliances between Australia and the U.S. (Taylor, 2016).

Providing aid to developing countries in the Asia-Pacific region allows the countries to develop politically and economically, helping the region prosper, and therefore improve Australia’s personal security. The aid provided by Australia helps developing countries to stabilise their situation

These uncertainties and dangers that are brought to Australia’s strategic environment grow stronger, as they cannot be mitigated by international law as a result of national sovereignty. “Governments respect international law only when it suits their national interests,” stated by Ponser a professor of law at the University of Chicago. “Don't expect that to change anytime soon”.

Australian foreign policy has undoubtedly been subject to vast changes over the past century, particularly as a response to the increasing role Asia has played in shaping the contemporary global market. Having identified the importance of multilateralism and regionalism, policy continue to be increasingly focused on our geographical position as part of the Asia-Pacific region, and the relationships with our immediate neighbours, as a means to better achieve stability. The word stability in this context does not simply refer one single aspect, but rather encompasses several different areas which are equally important if we are to continue advancing our country in both a domestic and international sense. There are several key areas of policy

‘ECONOMIC FACTORS HAVE BEEN THE DOMINANT CONCERN IN AUSTRALIAN FOREIGN POLICY OVER THE PAST 25 YEARS.’

Under s 51(vi) of the Constitution, the Cth can make laws with regard to ‘the naval and military defence of the Cth and of the several States, and the control of the forces to execute and maintain the laws of the Cth’. As s 51(vi) is interpreted to be a purpose power, the test for whether a certain law is within thus power is whether it is proportionate to achieving the stated defensive purpose . The test is ‘elastic’ as the scope of s 51(vi) depends on whether Australia is at war or peace. The outcome turns on judicially noticeable facts about the existence and character of hostilities or threats. In agreeing with Brian Galligan, it is clear that during times of war, the defence power waxes to an extent where it allows the Government to become unitary. Therefore, in order to survive, the Commonwealth must “do anything which can contribute to its defence” . However, as examined later on, there is some debate as to what extent the Commonwealth may be able to go to when implementing measures to protect itself.

Australia’s political view has been recognized by other countries as a strong market leader and a valuable country to have free trade agreements with. All Australians can see that this is a huge benefit to the Australian economy. An increase in trade agreements means more jobs and security for the

Andrew Bolt is a controversial political journalist for the Sydney Morning Herald. In his 2016 opinion piece, “A French Connection is one we cannot trust,” he establishes his stance against Australia’s collaboration with France in a $50 billion submarine deal (Bolt, 2016). Bolt utilises a variety of techniques to convey three main ideas: that the manufacturing of the submarines is temporally impractical; that Australia could be at risk if France has too much control in the build; and that France is an unreliable ally for Australia to have. To establish these ideas, Bolt relies on emotive language, fear mongering, and unsubstantiated statistics. This is effective because it plays on the reader’s

“When the meltdown threatens the first Soviet nuclear ballistic submarine in 1961, its crew must devise a way to survive---or die trying.” With the death of 8 men right away, and 14 more over 2 years, the Soviets were in devastation when beating the United States which turned into a death sentence for 22 men. The K-19 submarine, or the “Hiroshima” was made far too quickly and far too poorly.

Australia and the United States have always had a very strong relationship through trade and mainly defence. The security of Australia heavily depends on the US, as we are there main allies in defence. Australia and the US are both apart of an organization called APEC. They both have very important roles as there are classified as the head nations. This organization first started in January 1989 in Australia when current prime minister Bob Hawke called for a more effective economic operation across the Pacific Rim region.

The United states of America and Australia are very effective trading partners. They trade through the Australia-United States Free Trade Agreement, which is a preferential trade agreement that was signed on the 18th of may 2004, but came into effect on the 1st of January 2005. APEC is a trade organization that incorporates 21 nations within the Asia Pacific region, and is used to discuss matters between these nations. Australia and the US are a considerably large distance away from each other, promoting communication through a third source; Guam. Finally, the US has a very detailed demographic statistic, much due to the nearly 319,000,000 people. Through these sub points, Australia’s trade agreement with the US is a very key

Australia and New Zealand has been in the trade business since a long time and aim at increasing the economic and social benefits through increase in