Mandating the HPV Vaccination: A Controversial Debate
Background:
The Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the virus responsible for cervical cancer. It is one the most common viral sexually transmitted infections. A vaccine was approved in 2006 that is effective in preventing the types of HPV responsible for 70% of cervical cancers and 90% of genital warts. Proposals for routine and mandatory HPV vaccination of girls have become sources of controversy for parents of school-aged youth, legislators, members of the medical community, and the public at large (Cooper et al. 2010).
Evidence Based Arguments against Mandatory HPV Vaccination
Childhood immunizations, such as measles, chicken pox, and polio, are mandatory for school-aged youth and
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As many as 1,400 women in Canada are diagnosed with cancer of the cervix each year. More than 400 die from it (Mah et al, 2011).
Among the many arguments for mandatory HPV vaccination, the foremost is that it is an important medical achievement and a major public health milestone. This vaccine has proven to be one-hundred percent effective in preventing the 4 HPV strains that are responsible for seventy percent of cervical cancers and ninety percent of genital warts. In addition, no serious side effects have been identified. Because this vaccine is a preventive measure, administration before onset of sexual activity is ideal; however, even females who have been sexually active can still benefit from this vaccination (Perkins et al., 2010). Nationally and internationally, the HPV vaccine will significantly reduce disease burden by reducing monetary and psychological costs of invasive procedures that remove precancerous and cancerous lesions. By combining vaccination with routine Pap smear screening, these public health efforts have the remarkable opportunity to eradicate cervical cancer (Ramet et al., 2011).
Another reason HPV vaccination should be mandatory is because health disparities could become even greater if this vaccination is not mandated. Unfortunately, poorer women are more likely to develop HPV infection and develop cervical cancer. The vaccine currently costs 400 dollars for the three rounds of vaccinations in Canada. But because poor women cannot
The incidence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in my local community Lockport, Illinois is one out of every five people have HPV and due to the vaccinations to prevent HPV, Illinois ranks 48th among the United States for incidences of HPV (Manchir, 2013). HPV is a sexually transmitted infection that is transmitted through sexual contact. HPV is transmitted during vaginal, oral, or anal sex and on rare occasions, through birth during delivery (Illinois Department of Public Health [IDPH], 2013). Surprisingly, 50 percent of men and women that are active sexually will acquire HPV during their lifetime! HPV has affected 20 million Americans and an astounding, six million additional people will become infected every year (Illinois Department of Public Health [IDPH], 2013). Although Lockport Illinois has a lower amount of people with HPV, as a public health nurse, I realize this is an issue that needs to be addressed in my local community. Awareness is the key to prevention. Teenagers, parents, and all adults need to
Did you know that most sexually-active men and women will get at least one type of HPV at some point in their lives. (CDC) The human papillomavirus, more commonly known as HPV, is a sexually transmitted infection. It is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections in the United States. HPV can be transmitted through vaginal, anal, or oral sex. The human papillomavirus can cause several types of cancers such as cervical cancers, anal cancer, oropharyngeal cancer, and others. The leading HPV vaccine, Gardasil, was licensed by the FDA is 2006. The second vaccine, Cervarix, came three years later. There are many views on the requirement of the HPV vaccine. The HPV vaccine should be required because it saves lives, is safe, and is effective.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a killer. It is an awful disease that is the culprit of many deaths each year. We have the means for its prevention, yet HPV vaccination for girls is a controversial topic to some. This controversy carries over to the current question on whether or not males should also be vaccinated. The issue is starting to play a huge role in the media; Fox news recently broadcasted a story on male HPV vaccinations. This story makes clear the benefits that would come from vaccinating males, including a statement from the Center for Disease Control that, “The HPV vaccine will afford protection against certain HPV-related conditions and cancers in males, and vaccination of males with HPV may also provide indirect protection
I agree with all who have expressed that the HPV vaccination is one that should be advocated more. Many do not understand the severity of contacting HPV. There are also many who question if they should receive the vaccine as well as an even bigger question of whether to vaccinate their children. Whether or not to vaccinate against HPV is confusing which is understand due to it being a loaded issue. There are two known vaccines for the human papilloma virus; Gardasil and Cervarix. Out of the two Gardasil protects against all four of the HPV strains. Cervarix just focuses on the strange that can cause cancer which are number 16 and number 18. The main target of these vaccinations is to prevent cervical cancer within women thing as it is the most
Do you know that over ninety percent of people who are sexually active will have come in contact with HPV at least once in his/her lifetime? Human Papilloma Virus, also known as HPV, is an infectious emerging disease that has become one of the number one causes of cervical cancer in women. With a startling increase in HPV prevalence research has been encouraged to discover more about this virus and how it causes cervical cancer. Fifteen years ago, not many knew what HPV was and there was very little research conducted on the virus. Since such little information was known about it, HPV was not even taught in the Sexual Education class as a sexually transmitted virus. Throughout years of research scientists, doctors, and medical staff
Federal and local mandatory immunization polices has reduced preventable diseases and vaccination is known as the one of the greatest health advancements in the 20th century. Currently, school- aged children are required to get vaccinations unless they are exempt for religious purposes (Salmon, Haber, Gangers, Phillips, Smith, & Chen, 1999). However, there is an infectious disease that is highly preventable and vaccine is available, yet people are contracting the virus. It’s known as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection, “…that can be sexually transmitted and result in health
As the article dives deeper into the HPV vaccine debate some interesting points were brought up. One thing that was very striking was that cervical cancer kills more than five thousand women in America every year and this number increases in developing countries. It would seem that this is enough of a problem to raise a sense of alarm. Another fact that was given was that HPV is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the United States. A big reason for this is that there are over two hundred strands of HPV and the diversity of this virus helps it to spread. In order for women to be protected against some of the HPV strands she should receive the vaccine before becoming sexually active. This seems to be the push to get girls vaccinated early. Since the average age of first intercourse is under the age of
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most prevalent virus in the human population. Almost all people will be exposed to HPV infections in their lifetime. HPV-associated cancers comprise 5% of all human cancers. Two prophylactic vaccines that are designed to block the four most prevalent HPV types (>150 types) in the genital infection have reduced the incidence in the vaccinated population. However, the vaccines offer no therapeutic effect against pre-existing infections. Furthermore, the vaccination completion rate was 26 % overall. The large unvaccinated population will continue to be at the risk of developing HPV-associated diseases and cancers until an effective treatment is available.
Throughout this report I will look at evidence from multiple sources in order to gain more knowledge of the Human Papillomavirus as well as the vaccine for it. My report question is based around, should HPV be made compulsory for everyone and whether or not it should be given at such an early age? My report will include aspects on how it works, what HPV is and what it does, How other biological systems such as the immune system contribute, and the side effects of HPV and the vaccine for it. This will be followed by the discussion of two alternating viewpoints for the vaccine and what scientific evidence they have for their cases. As of the start of this report I am completely for the HPV vaccine but this may or may not change towards the end of the report. My report will be rounded off with my own personal thoughts and a strategy on what can be done in the future.
The HPV vaccine is cancer prevention. Over thousands of cases of HPV cancers are detected every year in men and women. The HPV vaccination is important because it can prevent these cancers. The United States Food and Drug Administration approved this vaccine and it is one hundred percent safe. This vaccine is preventive care for the second leading cancer in women. It has been proven to be one hundred percent effective in prevention of cervical cancer, but the vaccine must be given to children between the age of 11 -17 before they become sexually active. After the age seventeen with young women most become sexually active and receive their first pap smear from their gynecologist, receiving the vaccine at this point is not as effective in prevention of cancers. Another benefit of receiving the vaccine during adolescent, is it supports people who may not have the medical knowledge or access to regular medical services.
Human papilloma virus (HPV) is a virus that can cause both cervical cancer and/or genital warts. In most cases of HPV there are no symptoms and individuals are unaware that they have the virus (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], n.d.). It can be spread through vaginal, anal and oral intercourse and is the most common STI (CDC, n.d.). In 2006 a vaccine was approved to protect against the types of HPV associated with the majority of cervical cancer and genital warts (Gardasil, 2014). I have found through my clinical experience that many parents are unsure if their child should receive the HPV vaccination. There are many factors including baseline knowledge, safety, effectiveness, cost, values/beliefs
Each year in the United States, about six million cases of the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection are diagnosed, and three-fourths of those cases are detected in young men and women between the ages fifteen to twenty-five (Ballaro). Luckily, this epidemic can easily be prevented by receiving an HPV vaccine. Despite the claim that the HPV vaccine was created just for profit, the HPV vaccine is an essential vaccine for preadolescent, adolescent, and young adults to receive in order to prevent HPV and the variety of cancers that it is known to cause.
HPV also known as human papillomavirus which is an infectious disease. It is a fact that infectious diseases no longer the leading cause of death and has been replaced by chronic disease as the leading cause of death. Two antibodies have market regard in numerous nations starting called Gardasil and Cervix in the US and this essay will analyze all there is to HPV, risks associated with requiring the HPV vaccine in public schools and more.
According to the Sexuality Information and Education Council of the United States (SIECUS) the human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI). I wasn’t aware that it impacts so many people; SIECUS reports that each year there are approximately 6.2 million new cases of HPV and that 75% of people between ages 15 and 49 have had a genital HPV infection. This isn’t something that I hear about as an adult male in this country. Before conducting research, I was only aware that HPV was tied to cervical cancer and there was a vaccine for young women. In the last decade, the understanding of HPV has increased considerably. Although schools don’t require the vaccination it’s recommended that children age 11-12. People have till their mid-20’s to receive a “catch up” immunization. HPV is responsible for causing more than 90% of anal and cervical cancers, about 70% of vaginal and vulvar cancers, and more than 60% of penile cancers and HPV is linked to 70% of oropharynx cancers (CDC, 2015). Not all people infected have complications, in fact, most people are asymptomatic and
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a sexually transmitted infection with fourteen million new cases per year (Valentino & Poronsky, 2016). These astronomical numbers make HPV “the most prevalent sexually transmitted infection in the United States” (Valentino & Poronsky, 2016). HPV infections have been associated with causing multiple cancers. In 2006, the first vaccine against HPV emerged, Gardisil. In 2009 a second vaccine was approved by the FDA, Cervavix (Valentino & Poronsky, 2016). Despite the development of the HPV vaccine, compliance remains low at an uptake rate of only 37.2% in adolescent females (Cassidy & Schlenk, 2012) and 10-12% in adolescent males (Thomas & Snell, 2013). Lack of education, specifically to adolescents and their caregivers, is in large part a direct contributing factor to decreased compliance.