preview

Apush Dbq The Gilded Age

Decent Essays

The Gilded Age, a phrase coined by Mark Twain, refers to a post-civil war era that spanned 1870-1900. Large corporations grew significantly wealthy and influential throughout this time period, supported by unprecedented growth and profitability. These businesses also created a large wealth gap between powerful monopolists like Rockefeller and Carnegie, and thousands of urban factory workers. The great inequalities of wealth sparked factory workers, immigrants, farmers, and others not benefited by the vast transformation of the late 19th century to propose various reforms. Growing social and political involvement of educated middle-class reformers also pushed to effect change both locally and nationally. Rampant political corruption in this …show more content…

economy. Technological advances, expanding population, and new business practices combined to fuel economic growth. Improved agricultural innovation, for example, led to lower food prices (Document A). Mining and lighting innovations led to lower fuel and lighting costs. The invention of electricity also contributed to increased production of goods, because workers could now work for longer late into the night. Inventions like the electric typewriter and telephone increased employment for white women, and created a sort of equality about working in a mass production environment (Document J). Growing urban population also contributed to economic advancement at this time. Among the new urban residents were immigrants, primarily from Southeastern Europe. People also came from rural areas in the U.S. One reason for the influx of people to urban areas was the increased job availability due to technological inventions through which people were able to produce goods faster and cheaper. Another reason was that people were attracted to the conveniences and excitement city life offered. For example, part of the urban glamor of the city laid in the department stores. According Theodore Dreiser's’, Sister Carrie, department stores were “handsome, bustling, successful affairs… a showplace of dazzling interest and attraction” (Document I). New business tycoons like John D. Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, …show more content…

Farmers, for example, expressed discontent at the falling prices for agricultural goods caused by new mass-production technology. Initially, they too capitalized on the new technologies and new markets of America's growing economy. But soon they faced increased competition, saturated markets, and falling prices for their produce. Small business owners also resented monopolists who used ruthless tactics to put competitors out of business. In George Rice’s article “How I Was Ruined by Rockefeller”, he says that he is “but one of many victims of Rockefeller's colossal combination” (Document H). Americans like Rice believed that the government must protect small businesses against unfair business practices, like building monopolies. Aside from unfair business practices, there was also unrest from factory workers about unjust working conditions. They argued that mass production techniques were dehumanizing and that they should be treated like humans, not property (Document G). Workers also argued against the greater amounts of specialization of labor caused by mass-production techniques (Document C). Specialization decreases workers pride in their craft and leaves workers largely unknowledgeable and unskilled in their craft. Once management and owners

Get Access