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1. For France before World War I, the 19th century, as elsewhere, was a period of economic modernisation and growing national unity. But it was also a century of political turmoil, public dissatisfaction and military embarrassment. 2. The 19th century also saw France’s transition from a nation of peasants to a modern and diverse economy. Industrialisation, which had occurred much later in France than in Britain, was nevertheless well underway by the mid-1800s. 3. Thousands of French farmers left their rural villages and relocated to towns and cities, causing rapid urbanisation. By the 1870s almost one-quarter of French workers were employed in factories and heavy industry. 4. By the early 1900s France had one of the most left-wing governments …show more content…

Unsurprisingly, then, France was a little uneasy about her new position in the world, and concurrently, unsure of her next steps. The loss to Prussia still bit hard, but having suffered so recently at the hands of Bismarck, fear rather than revenge was their main driving force. 6. It was this fear that would ultimately force France into a series of measures aimed at improving their international standing. 7. It is fair to say that in 1900, France was certainly all for peace; she was in no position, after all, to want otherwise. For the next fourteen years, though, she was a country determined to recapture past glories, to re-establish herself as a great power, to renew her claim as a leader of democratic principles. 8. Fauvism was a provocative reaction against the visual sensations of Impressionism and a violent response to the challenges brought by the recent development of photography. 9. When the First World War broke out on August 2, 1914, Derain was in Vaucluse, Provence, where Braque and Picasso had joined him to work together. After five months in the field Derain was sent to the frontline in April 1915. Until 1917 he took part in battles in Champagne, on the Somme, at Verdun, and in the Vosges Mountains. Although, fortunately, Derain sustained no serious injury in the course of military operations, the four and a half years of taking part in the war could not but affect the state of mind of the 39-year-old

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