Aphylactic Shock Case Studies

Provide care and support, monitor and observe. Have had the appropriate training given to deliver this effective practice. Minimise the risk of dangers to the individual and others.

This scenario helped me understand the pathophysiologic process of pneumonia and decompensated shock and how they could possibly manifest in children. Since in our first simulation of the semester we learned different methods of assisting a patient in improving his/her breathing status I was better able to intervene and know what to do to improve our patient’s breathing status. However, I have never been exposed to a patient undergoing decompensated shock. Therefore, this time I was able to learn what to do in case a situation as such arises in the future on a real patient. Shock can be due to several reasons such as bleeding or severe dehydration. However, it was apparent in this case that the patient was not externally bleeding, but she was

Septic shock is a type of systemic inflammatory response syndrome, or SIRS, (Heuther & McCance, 2012, p. 632) secondary to a documented infection (Hadjiliadis et al., 2014). The process of septic shock is as follows: sepsis, followed by severe sepsis, then septic shock, and finally multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, or MODS (Heuther & McCance, 2012). The clinical manifestations of each individual, which will be discussed later, depend on where they fall in this process. It should also be noted that septic shock can affect any part of the body, such as the heart, brain, and intestines (Hadjiliadis et al.,

The team will navigate patients through the program, resources and pulmonary rehabilitation. The registered nurse will meet with the patient prior to discharge to evaluate and refer them to the appropriate services along with the social worker, which may find alternative way to pay for patients medication and other support services that may be offered. The nurse practitioner and the respiratory therapist will see the patient within 48 of hours upon admission into program. The nurse practitioner and respiratory therapist will evaluate the needs at home and enroll the patient in pulmonary rehabilitation, which will be part of the care offered to all patients. Resources for the patient will consist of a 24-hour hotline for patients who may need to seek medical advice prior to going to the emergency room. Patient will be supplied with emergency medications for home use if symptoms begin to appear. A nurse practitioner will be available to advice the patient in intervention with the emergency medications is indicated and advice if treatment may need to be continued in the emergency room. With the protocols in place for medications, the patient will be seen within 12 hours if use of the emergency medications were taken in the home. The nurse practitioner will update the electronic medical chart of the patient to document

Hypovolemic shock is an urgent condition of rapid reduction of circulatory volume in the body, which can be created due to blood or plasma or body fluids loss (Kettley & Marsh, 2016, p. 31; Perner & Backer, 2014, p. 613). Blood loss can be induced by internal or external injuries, excessive perspiration or diuretics (Craft & et al, 2015, p. 852). Maureen Hardy’s hypovolemia has been precipitated by hematemesis.

55). According to Wen-Chih et al. (2010, p.11), ageing patients are susceptible to blood loss since they have limited physiological replacement. Thus, considering the age and the surgical procedure the patient is at high risk of hypovolemia. If the loss of blood progresses and the body is unable to compensate, the patient will be at risk for hypovolemic shock (D’Angelo, M., Dutton, R., 2009, p. 279). Hypovolemic shock means deficit in flowing blood causing to ineffectively filing the intravascular space. Mamaril, M., Child, S., & Sortman, S., 2007, p. 191. Kolecki, P., & Menckhoff, C. (2014) emphasizes that there are four (4) classification of hypovolemic shock. Class 1 is when there is 0-15% of blood loss with only slight change in heart rate. If the patient heart rate becomes more than 100 beats per minute and they experience tachypnoea and has cool clammy skin, the patient is in the class 2 of hypovolemic shock. Class 3 and 4 is when the patient will manifest the severe sympathetic response of the body due to the inability of compensate with the blood loss. Thus, considering the age and the surgical procedure the patient is at high risk of hypovolemia or even the more severe

hypothermia after cardiac arrest, as used in the 2 stories above, is directed at mitigating

two types of hypoperfusion are Distributive shock and cardiogenic shock. In Distributive Shock, cardiac output decreases and peripheral vasodilation occurs due to damage to the walls of the blood vessels. A major sign of this type of shock is vasovagal syncope (fainting). Cardiogenic shock results in inadequate perfusion to the tissue and organs, which is pump failure. It is the most frequent cause of death from acute myocardial infarction (heart attack). Cadiac Tamponade is an extrinsic cause of cardiogenic

A Shock is a life-threatening condition where the victim suffers from insufficient blood flow throughout his body. A Shock may cause a shortage or lack of oxygen in the body’s organs and tissues, a heart attack or an organ function damage. Heavy internal or external bleeding, infections, a severe allergic reaction, and a heart failure are some of the causes that lead to a shock situation. A shock requires immediate medical care (first aid worker, EMS).

Losing just one pint of blood is all it takes to send the body into shock. The heart pumps

Some of the thing the provider must be looking for that causes anaphylaxis is allergies to certain foods such as peanuts and shell fish. Also some medications such as penicillin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can cause a reaction in some people. Often we may not no the cause but as a provider we must revert back to the basics of assessing are patients. Airway, Breathing, and circulation are primary concerns with an anaphylactic patient as with any patient. Is the airway clear and patent or is it swelling and will soon be obstructed? Is the patient breathing appropriately to maintain life? Does the patient have adequate circulation to maintain perfusion? If any of these three are not functioning as they should it is imperative to correct them as soon as possible. In the pre-hospital setting one of the most effective drugs to combat anaphylactic reaction is Epinephrine. Anaphylactic reactions cause widespread vasodilatation in the bodies’ vessels which in turn leads to dangerously low blood pressure. Epinephrine works to correct this by overriding the dilation and actually constricting the vessels to allow for adequate perfusion.[Mustafa 2017] Another treatment that we as advanced provider tend to forget in are quest for a more definitive treatment is oxygen. In the rare instances where these two treatments

Shock is a life-threatening condition that results from inadequate tissue perfusion (Hinkle J.L., 285). Although there are many different types and causes of shock, there are some characteristics that are common to all types of shock. Shock causes hypoperfusion of all tissues, hypermetabolism of tissues and cells, activation of the inflammatory response system, and stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system. In addition to treating the cause of shock state, treatment of shock typically includes managing the airway, breathing, and circulation, starting intravenous (IV) fluids, and administering appropriate medications.

The interventions for pneumonia are as follows. First, the patient must have oxygen administered to increase the blood's oxygenation level and ensure proper oxygenation to the body's organ systems. As the patient is treated with oxygen, she should be encouraged to breath deeply, as oxygen is the best cure of pneumonia. Next, vitals should be consistently monitored and oxygen treatment repeated whenever the oxygenation level drops below 90 percent. Finally, the on-call physician should be notified of the patient's condition so that

Circulatory shock is a syndrome of widespread cellular hypoxia, triggered by a systemic alteration of perfusion and delivery and/or utilization of tissue oxygen, eventually causing end-organ dysfunction and death [53]. It can be subdivided into 4 distinct categories according to its primary pathophysiological mechanism, namely cardiogenic, hypovolemic, obstructive and distributive [54]. In the first 3 types, perfusion has changed as a consequence of the cardiac output decrease, whereas distributive types of shock are related to a primary dysfunction of the resistive component of the cardiovascular system. In vasoplegia, vascular tone is reduced and there is a noticeably depressed constrictive response of arterioles to vasoconstrictors, and

Shock is described as life threatening medical emergency resulting from insufficient blood flow through the body (Huether & Mccance, 2012) There are five types of medical shock. These include septic shock, anaphylactic shock, cardiogenic shock, hypovolemic shock, and neurogenic shock (Huether & Mccance, 2012).