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Ap World History Unit 2 Study Guide

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Key concept 2.1: The Development and Codification of Religious and Cultural Traditions:

As the classical period emerged, religion as well as other cultural influences had been some of the main aspects of much of how history was shaped during this time period. Many religions had sprung up during this time period such as Judaism, which was a monotheistic religion and had developed with the codification of the Hebrew scriptures. This religion reflected the cultures of different regions such as Mesopotamia. The Jewish states were conquered by the Babylonians, Assyrians, and the Romans during this time period as well. Another religion important to this time period is the Vedic religion Hinduism, which had originated in India. This religion was …show more content…

This forced them to compete for any available resources that they needed and it had also caused conflicts between neighboring peoples and themselves. Military advancements were a result of these expansions and they also faced a need to govern the peoples around them. There were many difficulties that could not be managed because of these expansions such as economic, social, and environmental problems. The states and empires that expanded during this time period include the Persian Empires in Southwest Asia, The Qin and Han Empires in East Asia, The Mauryan and Gupta Empires in South Asia, parts of the Mediterranean region, empires in Mesoamerica, and the states and empires in Andean South America. In order to organize their subjects, the rulers of these states and empires created administrative institutions. These involved centralized governments and elaborate legal systems and bureaucracies. Military techniques over larger areas included diplomacy, or the skill of managing international relations, developing supply lines, and building fortifications, or defensive walls, and roads. The successes of many of these empires were dependent on their ability to trade and their economic integrations. Many cities, such as Athens in Greece, Constantine in present - day Turkey, and Rome in present - day Italy, served as a number of things that included trade, religious rituals, and political matters. Many of these empires heavily relied on slaves, peasant communities, and Family and household productions to keep the production of food going and to provide rewards for the loyalty of the people - mainly the elites. One of the main things that these empires had in common was their Patriarchal society, where the father or eldest son was the head of the family. This greatly affected the gender roles in these empires and had caused for women to have less rights than the men. Many of

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