Anti Bacterial And Anti Parasitic Properties

The aim of this paper is the kinetic analysis of mushroom tyrosinase to study the stereospecificty in its action on both L and D DOPA as substrates. It is also the aim of this paper, to carry out a kinetic study of various inhibitors on tyrosinase activity to determine their mechanism of inhibitory effect.

Tyrosinase is an enzyme found in Portabella mushrooms. Tyrosinase is the enzyme most responsible for the brown color of Portabella mushrooms, as it is found in larger amounts than other pigmentations. Tyrosinase is also found in Tyrosinase vesicles in the cell wall of Portabella mushrooms. Tyrosinase plays a huge role in Portabella mushrooms in that it is active in most chemical reactions including oxidation, phosphorylation and other important mechanisms within the cell. The journal article examines the biochemical characteristics of Tyrosinase in Portabella mushrooms by specifically extracting it from the gill tissue. In order to effectively examine Tyrosinase, purification of this enzyme was to be extracted which

First of all, these shellfish get their name from the Zebra like stripes that cover its “D shape” shell. It is approximately two inches or less in length and have “sticky byssal threads that they use to attach tightly to any hard surface” (3.). When it comes times for them to reproduce, the female may produce up to 500,000 eggs in a single year. These eggs eventually develop into a small microscopic larva that will ultimately begin to form their own shells. These Zebra Mussels first landed on the map in the late 1980’s by hitching rides in the ballast waters of cargo ships. First they started showing themselves in the great lakes and from there they spread.

The CDC estimates that each year, more than eight million people are diagnosed, and consequently died from cancer, and this statistic was even higher in the 1950s. During this period, little was known of cancer’s effects on the

The antibiotics will have different zones of inhibition on different bacteria. Also, a range of concentrations of the nutrients in the bacteria will change the bacterial growth.

2013;90:118–126). Zebrafish are not only cost-efficient, but also easy to house. Therefore, they are considered ideal species for studying genetic mutations and molecular pathways (Ali S, et al.2012;228:272–283). Zebrafish are known to be social animals, which is an effective representation of human nature. Zebrafish also make very good research models to test for long-term stress disorders since they have the ability to show a wide variety of behavioral changes that can be observed in human

and some known ones cause some enzymes that don’t work as efficiently and that happens in the elderly. Then there are a lot of unknown ones.

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are a popular freshwater fish that have been modified by researchers to produce several transgenic strains. The strain of transgenic zebrafish that express fluorescent colors have been given the name Glofish, for they contain different fluorescent proteins such as Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP), Red Fluorescent Protein (RFP), Yellow Fluorescent Protein (YFP), Blue Fluorescent Protein (BFP), or Purple Fluorescent Protein (PFP) (Vick, B. M., A. Pollak, C. Welsh, J. O. Liang, 2012). There are several benefits of using Glofish as a model to portray and understand inheritance patterns of transgenic genes. Glofish are small size in size, produce a high number of progeny, have similar genetic control to humans,

Zebrafish was chosen by George Streisinger who was looking for a vertebrae model system to do work on genetics. It would appear that zebrasfish have some qualities that particularly makes them an exceptional choice for study. They are easy to maintain, manipulate (ability to microinject DNA, RNA and proteins into) and have many offspring rather rapidly. Another really interesting quality of zebrafish is that in the first few days of embryonic development, embryons are transparent, which allows imaging of cell movement and gene expression. Embryos also develop rather quickly; therefore scientists could do testing sooner then would be capable if mammals were used.

5) My hypothesis: “The higher the concentration of antiseptic, the more powerful it will be at inhibiting/ killing microorganisms which cause bacterial growth.” This theory supports my result because as you can see the zone of inhibition increases due to the increasing concentration of antiseptic. The higher concentration of antiseptic means it has been less diluted, which means its more stronger than other more diluted concentrations, this high concentration will determine how powerful the antiseptic will be at killing/inhibiting the growth of bacterium, this high concentration of antiseptic will break down the bacterial cell wall, after this process has happened the antiseptic can stop the mutation of the bacteria and inhibit the

Zebrafish has rapid embryonic development and unique regeneration. Fully develop its take around 3 months. During spawning season, Zebrafish spawn every 3 to 4 days. Each time female can produce hundreds of eggs. The fertilized eggs will become transparent and grow in rapid speed. This why the embryos of zebrafish is ideal for scientific research due to their transparency and rapid grows. The transparent embryos will help the scientific research has better and closely observed on embryonic development and the formation of all of the internal organs. It’s take 48 to 72 hours for eggs to hatch. Zebrafish mating behavior consider that the male will chase the female very fast, often nudging the female with his snout and then lead the female to

Discussion The objective of this lab was to observe the enzyme kinetics of Tyrosinase, both under normal conditions and under the influence of two different inhibitors. This required careful measurement and calibration of both lab equipment and reagent solutions. The first step was to obtain the optimized volume (also concentration) of Tyrosinase (partial data shown, calculation shown), determined by monitoring the absorbance of a protein solution (Figure 6 & 11) and using a simple equation to solve for the amount of Tyrosinase that obtained a slope of .1 to .15. The optimized volume added was 33 μL (Figure 11).

Just imagine, for a moment, if a cure was found. Imagine the possibility that there are currently very effective holistic treatments. If they came into wide usage, imagine:

do not work like they were intended and the homeostasis in the body is effected,

Fletcher also identified that the large brood numbers could be used as a reproduction strategy by marine organism. Because fish can lay between one hundred to one thousand eggs in its brood, surly some must survive to adult hood. There are multiple reproduction strategies that fish apply when reproducing. Some fish will build nest, some will hide their eggs, and some will carry their eggs with (29).The Copeina arnoldi will jump out of the water to lay its eggs on overhanging leaves, rocks, and branches. The father will constantly splash water on them to ensure that they do not dry out (Fletcher).The annual fish will bury its eggs in the mud; moreover after the water dries up and the parent die, the eggs remain until the next rainy season and hatch (Fletcher 53).To ensure that every possible gamete is used marine organism, such as the horse shoe crab, have large mating orgies. Other organisms such as sea anemones produce clouds of gametes into the ocean, during a period known as blooming. The mouth brooder is an example of a fish that carries it offspring with it. The mouth brooder allows its offspring to enter into its mouth until they are too large to fit. If they stay to close for too long, she may eat them, but if they are separated from them to early she will starve herself (Fletcher).