Annotated Bibliography On Immigration Reform

Transition: Now, let’s explain the economy impacts of illegal immigrants. b. Does illegal immigrants hurt the

Mexican immigration has a large impact on the United States both politically and economically. Focusing on the labor market, and how over history, especially throughout the 20th century, American employers in various industries, have benefited from the immigrant workers crossing the U.S.-Mexico border. Recognizing the value of immigrants willing to work various job positions for low wages, during worker shortages in America. In the 1990s alone the number of Mexican Immigrants workers grew by 2.9 million, a 123 % increase. (PP.

and Texas economies, according to Julian Castro, is that businesses in Texas greatly benefit from the hard work of undocumented immigrants. Saying that as long as there are jobs available, immigrants will find a way to make it to the United States despite any border securities. While some cons of illegal immigration considering the U.S. and Texas economies, according to Dan Patrick, is that it will strain the state budget on education and health care. Some would even say that illegal immigrants are the reasons for job shortages, however some would also say that illegal immigrants would work harder to keep their jobs over

This rhetorical analysis will analyze “Illegal immigration, border enforcement, and relative wages: Evidence from Apprehensions at the US-Mexico border,” by Hanson Gordon H and Antonio Spilimbergo, published in 1999 in the American Economic Association, implies that the south-west border has the highest number of illegal immigrants flowing in. In comparison, Ramanujan Nadadur article, “Illegal Immigration: A Positive Economic Contribution to the United States,” published in 2009 in the Ethnic and Migration Studies, outlines the positive impacts that illegal immigration brings to the U.S economy. The article by Hanson Gordon H and Antonio Spilimbergo targets a general audience since the level that it is written is easily understood. The second

As of recently, immigration has come to the forefront of political issues in the United States. There are two main sectors of immigration that our government highlights as problem areas: undocumented immigration and immigration from the Middle East. The number one issue brought up when discussing undocumented immigration is its effect on the economy. There is a plethora of rhetoric that we hear and see in our society telling us that immigrants steal our jobs and destroy our economy. When confronted with this prospect, there is one obvious question: Is it true that undocumented immigrants really hurt our economy? This question has various components that need to be researched in

The Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 (IRCA) is viewed as one of the most important policy implementations in U.S. immigration history. As drafted, IRCA proposed to be a policy to control and deter all illegal immigration into the U.S., but the policy was truly directed at stopping the flow of Mexican immigrants that continues to be the largest immigration flow in the world. Daniel Tichenor writes in Dividing Lines that, “Originally designed as a restrictive enforcement measure, IRCA proved to be surprisingly expansive in both design and effect.” By identifying the unintended consequences of the law, this paper explores why the policy failed. Ultimately, this paper shows that IRCA

Illegal aliens are net consumers of public services and they contribute to economic growth (Immigrants’ Economic Contributions, 2009). Since 1990, immigrants have contributed to job growth in three main ways: They fill an

Immigrants, coming in all shapes and sizes, from young and old, to skilled and unskilled, contribute to 17% of the population in Texas, with over 4.7 million men, women, and children Making up more than ⅕ of the labor force, immigrants support and supply local economies by partaking in jobs such as construction, manufacturing, accommodation and food service, retail, healthcare and social assistance. Consequently, emigrants have amplified the Texan economy with tens of billions of dollars and have obtained a spending power of $89.6 billion dollars.

The reforming of America?s immigration policy is something that can no longer be avoided and must be dealt with as soon as possible. Years of neglect by governmental agencies and policies makers have now made this issue one of the biggest in American politics. First of it must be understood that immigration does no only effect curtain areas of the country and curtain aspect of public life but rather all of American life. Both legal and illegal immigration affect major issues such as jobs availability for all citizens, wages, education in public schools system and in general, health care issues, and the homeland security.

For many years now the state of Texas has been said by many to be the land of opportunity where everyone can reach their aspirations. According to the Texas tribune, “More than 1 million undocumented immigrants live in Texas, according to the Migration Policy Institute. Because of its proximity to Mexico, Texas is second only to California in the number of undocumented immigrants who live in the state. Since the U.S. Congress in 2006 sparked national debate about illegal immigration, the state's immigration policies have become a matter of controversy in the Texas Legislature.”

Immigration reform has long been a battle for the United States and its people. One side of the spectrum the American people say, bring more people in and the other side says, enough! Lock the borders! Send them home. So who is right? The complexity of the immigration issue is not easily answered morally, however studies show the economic impact is vastly different in the way we choose to handle this problem. This article explores several economic possibilities if another mass overhaul of immigration like the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act, (IRCA) would legalize the thousands of illegal immigrants, by specifically focusing on the 83,000 unauthorized immigrants in Ohio, then looking broader at the United States entire immigrant population and the economic impact of three proposed ways of handling our immigration problem.

The dilemma of immigration reform is a problematic issue in the United States because it involves the lives of more than 11 million illegal immigrants and the economy of the United States. Immigration reform is a commonly debated issue in politics in the United States. The problem with illegal immigration is the incapacity of Congress to pass reforms addressing border security issues and the dilemmas of the 11.6 million illegal immigrants in the country. It is time for the congress to develop a proper immigration reform policy that would address the following: 1. Reinforce the country’s border security 2.Stricter workplace enforcement verification process and punishment for those hiring illegal aliens 3. Create a path for illegal immigrations to become U.S citizens and 4. Reorganize the legal immigration system. In 2013 a group of senators known as the “gang of eight” wrote the first draft of the “Border Security, Economic Opportunity (S. 744) and Immigration Modernization Act of 2013 also known as the “immigration bill.”” The House of Representatives has not acted on this bill after it passed the Senate with a 68-32-vote margin. (Wolgin,

Mexico was estimated up to 70% from those undocumented workers. (Reiff, 2013) In 2001, Bush and congress hoped to help Mexican immigration to U.S. by the legislation immigration reform but the reform had to hold on since the terrorist attacks in September 11, 2001. In 2005, the U.S. House of Representatives supported the Border Protection and the Comprehensive Immigration Reform Act were passed by the Senates in 2006. However, both of these cannot be a law because their contents are a few differences and had conflicts with conference committee. (Nakamura, 2014) In 2009, Barack Obama restarted this comprehensive discussion of immigration reform. In the speech of November 20, 2014, U.S. president Obama stated the current immigration system is broken and summed up the necessary of the immigration reform such as new immigrant families were flout by others, business owners provided the less wages and benefits to undocumented immigrants and most of immigrants only wanted to earn the money, regardless of the responsibilities of living in the U.S., which caused them being apart from the others and society, staying in the dark shadows all the time. (Obama, November 2014) In case of the problem coming worses, President Obama began a series of executive actions to fix the system on immigration. This article introduces some key players in US politics and how their strategies to support

Illegal immigrants help boost the United States economy by paying some taxes. Like American citizens, illegal immigrants may pay local, state, and federal taxes including sales tax that helps support government services that they may not be able to access (Ewing 9). Since more American citizens are becoming aware of the benefits of an education, openings are being created for illegal immigrants in low paying jobs (Nadadur 1037-1052). Americans, unlike illegal immigrants, have more diverse careers. Aliens are more concentrated in specific job areas, resulting in a decrease in immigrant labor cost. This helps boost the United States’ economy (Carter 777-795). Of the approximate eleven million illegal immigrants in the U.S., most work in labor intensive jobs. Careers such as construction and agriculture tend to attract illegal aliens and they account for about twenty-five percent of the work force in these areas (Ewing 9). Ben Bernanke, chairman of the Federal Reserve admits that illegal immigrants help improve the United States economy and does not suggest turning them away (qtd. in Quindlen 90). Anna Quindlen, in her article “Newcomers By Numbers,” agrees with Bernanke and believes that immigrants are the factor that helps keep prices low. She also adds that immigrants are not causing American citizens unemployment, but are simply taking the low wage jobs that citizens are not willing to do and even boosting the economy (90).

The most avidly debated effects of immigration involve the United States’ economy and labor force. It is estimated that there are 12 million undocumented immigrants in the United States today, and their impact on the economy can be perceived as positive as well as negative. The overall effect is unclear, and this essay will present both sides of the debate.