Analysis on Beethoven’s Piano Sonata No 3, op. 2, Allegro con brio
Composers since the early classical era have used sonata form to express through music ideas which are at once complex and unified. This form contains a variety of themes and permutations of these themes, but is brought together into a comprehensible whole when these excerpts reappear. Beethoven, in the first movement of his Piano Sonata Opus 2 Number 3 utilizes this form to its full potential, modifying the typical structure in his characteristic way. The sonata begins softly but with unmistakable energy. The trill like sixteenth notes on the third beat of this motif surge the piece forward into the next bar. The two bar motif appears again, and is then varied and
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The dynamic increases to fortissimo at mm. 73 as the texture thins and harmony becomes very clear for a brief section. In this second closing theme G major, G augmented, and E minor7 in the bass are strongly arpeggiated before four octaves of C, D and G quickly reaffirm the key of G. This cadential crash is followed by some of the softest and lightest material of the whole movement, which due to the surrounding measures is proved to still be part of the second closing theme.
The exposition is finally completed with a third closing theme. Thundering octaves of scalar G major material with a variety of applied harmonies lead us to the final PAC of the exposition. Beethoven would have surely failed his part-writing test on this last cadence on four counts of parallel fifths and two counts of parallel octaves, with doubled leading tones. After a repeat of the exposition, the performance moves on to the development with the soft material from the second half of closing theme two. It begins a whole step higher than its first appearance and immediately begins to modulate. Eight bars later new arpeggiated material enters on a Bb7 chord, beginning a twelve bar chromatic bass line moving to C# right before measure 109. Here the opening theme enters, similarly a whole step higher than at the beginning. Hearing the principal theme in the wrong key is a sure sign of a false recapitulation, and the P theme is
This section concludes with a run or lowering pitch and a repeat of open notes of the E Major open chord created by the capo:
The first movement of Symphony No. 7 is noted for its long ascending scales as well as its applied dominants relative to its C major and F major modulations. The Introduction begins with a short A chord from the full orchestra. After eight bars, the piece has briefly entered the key of F major already and is now accompanied by scales of two octaves which begin softly, similar to the way a person creeps up and down a staircase. These scales repeat, gradually becoming louder and more extravagant. The third theme
The symphony is in four very powerful and entertaining movements. The first movement begins in the pianissimo tone with the strings section, but quickly enters the fortissimo tone with the introduction of the woodwind, brass and percussion sections. The dynamics of the musical melody varies throughout the movement moving from crescendo to decrescendo modes. The first movement reminds you of a raging storm from soft blowing winds to thunder and lighting. The audience is mesmerized by this first movement of the sonata.
The I chord confuses the tonal direction becasuse the listener expects the ii to be followed by V and then I. This is even more confusing because the scale that accompanies the I chord implies V (the chord the listener wants to hear). The next bar rounds off this cadential prolongation (ii-V-I) but the exposition does not yet end. The arrival to I does not occur until beat three of the bar. The first two beats create even more prolongation as they nearly modulate. And even after this, the exposition is not done. There is a two bar codetta (a one bar figure played twice, the second time with variation) before the strong V7-I cadence with a C pedal tone. This is the first very strong cadence since the start of the closing material. Since the cadence at the end of the exposition is to C without any hint of F as a tonic, the Developement begins in C. In fact, it is clearly in C as its pick-ups are a C arpeggio and the first bar looks and sounds like I and shows no indication of a ‘Bb’ or any other scale alteration. The opening of the developement is also a textural change but seems to resemble old material in its melody. Both the first theme and the second theme have similar figures to the new material. The developement starts with tonal movement in each of the first two measures, I in the first measure and ii6 in the second. In the third bar the harmonic rythym increases with a I64 for the first two beats and a V7 in
The first movement of Mozart’s piano Sonata No. 12 in F Major is written fairly typically in the very structured sonata form. Historically is follows the main guidelines that were understood for the form. Harmonically, is progresses like expected. There are a few surprises here and there, but they are typical for Mozart’s compositions, especially his sonatas of the 18th century. In all, it makes a very interesting piece of work, especially with so much contrast within it.
The piece is in Sonata form, with a complete Exposition, Development, and modified Recapitulation. However, the key areas don’t reflect that the way the listener might expect. Being that the vast majority of this piece is in G, it is musical material other than key areas that one must use in order
The harpsichord changes the sound of the instruments by its plucking sound adding to the long holding string notes it makes a very relaxing and distinctive sound. The tempo suits the music perfectly. The speed of the harpsichord compliments the strings and emphasises the dragged out notes in the string section. Moving on to the next section, the Allegro section. Slightly similar to the first section in sound, the change in tempo is very noticeable in the first couple of notes playing by the solo violin followed by a chord at 4 second in instantly grabs the attention of the listener and indicates what will be following. A more lively part with accented notes at around a minute in and ornaments make the section a lot more interesting. Followed by another Allegro section, Corelli does not change the sound too much from the previous section. The harpsichord plays a very chord base role, sometimes ascending in semitones with the strings playing a bit louder creating it quite a faint sound in the background. The final section of this sonata, like the previous two is allegro. Similar to the last section, this opens with a brief solo from the violin followed by all other instruments at 2 seconds in. Continuing with the liveliness of the previous section, this part keeps the piece moving at a nice energetic speed that is pleasant and perfect for the music that is being
and another lyrical theme, (denoted hereafter by b). It is clear when one looks at the outline of the themes with respect to their placement, theme "a" is transformed into 8 different versions throughout the composition's first movement, and an additional type, that we will call (a) which utilizes C-G-C-G-C timpani-like motive. This one, namely (a) and a derivative called a6 will play primary roles in identifying and linking structurally important keys and harmonic motions related to changes into different subsections (eg. Timpani theme appears from 288-295 into T3/S3 on minor v,
Movement III is a fast paced high rhythm start with the main theme by the piano at 30:16. The introduction reminds me of movement one fast paced and loud. I get the same feelings here as I did in the first movement; somewhat confused, lost and hurried. The Tempo is fast with the orchestra following the piano in the theme at 30:52. The Clarinet and the Piano Take the solo lead with each other at 31:01 and the orchestra is the accompaniment.
Clementi’s Sonata Op.25 No.2 First movement starts in G Major in 4/4 time. Theme one starts in the tonic. The first 2 measures I call (A) since it is clearly different from what follows. The (B) section repeats itself with variation. Both ending in a IAC. The (C) section of theme one has a lot of triplet and scalar movement. It lasts for 5 measures ending on a HC. The A section continues with variation so I call it (A’). Then there is (C’) followed by a bridge that modulates to the dominant where theme 2 starts. Theme 2 (D)
It quickly returns to C minor in bar 66. It ends in bar 89. The piece maintains duple meter in 4/4 throughout the section. The movement begins in allegro march tempo in ff. It is in strong monophonic texture in unison from bar 1 to bar 17. Texture changes drastically in bar 18. The woodwinds enter pp in contrapuntal texture until bar 33. At bar 33, tempo increases and the orchestra plays in homophonic texture with strings playing quick sixteenth notes with a gradual crescendo until bar 49. At bar 49, the tonality shifts to C major (parallel major of C minor). This section is a very slow, contrapuntal and expressive section. At bar 66 the entire orchestra plays ff in its strongest homophonic texture. The section ends with a small codetta from bar 82 to the
For the second and final concert report, I listened to the performance of Beethoven’s 9th symphony, as played by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra. Beethoven lived in Germany during the late 16th and early 17th centuries, and was an influential figure in the transition between the Classical and Romantic eras in western music. The performance requires a large number of instruments, with woodwinds, brass, percussion, strings, and even a choir during the 4th movement.
The first theme A movement begin with C major from bar 25 and continues its tonality throughout the piece. However the theme A melody have a lot of change in tonality. The use of different tonality in same melody gives people strong impression and makes them remember and emphasize the main big theme for this piece. The theme A modulates to G major on bar 105 to bar 112 and it goes back again to C major on bar 133 with the modulation on bar 124 to bar 132. On bar 253 to bar 312, the theme A now modulated to A♭ major.
The resonant sound of brass generates some tension in the form of dissonant chords. The combination of unusual sounds, vivid dynamics and rhythm changes, are incorporated in the symphony by Beethoven. However there is more as the first movement goes on. Beethoven uses a minor key for a short passage. The agitated sound of strings adds some tension and drama in the movement, which is finally resolved by the woodwinds. The clarinet and flute return music to a major key and a state of calm. The minor passage is a new concept which stands out the traditional symphony. It adds a different texture that clearly departs from the leading motive. This brief minor passage is also repeated so it may be thought of as a second motive. Another striking quality of this first movement is the use of a set of chords played by the whole orchestra. It serves as a bridge to connect the major and minor motives. Towards the end of the first movement, there is a brief passage embellished by the strings while the horns and trumpets remind us the sounds of the leading motive. The lively sound is interrupted by a brief minor passage. Then, the leading motive is repeated by the clarinet and flute. Strong and bright sounds prepare the audience to the conclusion of the first movement. One can conclude that Beethoven's unique expressiveness and passion are reflected in every note of the Eroica's first
The first movement, titled ‘Dreams and Passions’ follows the mad excitement of falling in love after Berlioz first lays his eyes on actress Harriet Smithson. Although he pushes boundaries in some areas, Berlioz stays true to the Symphonic structure (to begin with), opening with the first movement in sonata form. It is possible that Beethoven, another key figure in the development of Sonata form, may have influenced Berlioz on his structure for this movement. Beethoven’s Symphony No.4 begins with a slow introduction in the tonic minor in a similar way to Symphonie Fantastique, despite being shorter.