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Analysis Of Vicious Circle Of Poverty By Ragnar Nurkse

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Ragnar Nurkse (1967) in a book titled “Problems of Capital Formation in Underdeveloped Countries” theorised poverty in a model called “Vicious circle of poverty”. According to Nurkse;
“In the discussion of the problem of economic development, a phrase that crops up frequently is the vicious circle of poverty” (Nurkse, 1967:4). A vicious circle of poverty denotes a circular conglomeration of forces which are hook in inter-play in a manner that perpetually keeps a poor country in a continuous state of poverty. Such example of these interplay are easy to grasp as in the case of a poor man who may not have eaten enough and therefore found himself malnourished, his physical ability and health will become very weak, and with a weak health and physical ability, he might not have a strong capacity for productivity and this finally can be assume as the man being poor. This is the simple example that can be applied for …show more content…

The supply of capital is governed by the ability and willingness to save, the demand for capital is governed by the incentive to invest. A circular relationship exists on both side of the problem of capital in the poverty-ridden areas of the world. On the supply side, there is a small capacity to save, resulting from the low level of real income as a reflection of low productivity. On the demand side, the inducement to invest may be low because of the purchasing power of the people which is due to their small real income, which again is due to low productivity. Jhingan (2007: 31-32) further developed and expanded Nurke’s theory of Vicious Circle of Poverty, that the basic vicious circle stems from the fact that in less developed countries, total productivity is low due to deficiency of capital market and low investment on human capital, economic backwardness and underdevelopment. This is illustrated

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