Through free association this regression brought Freud’s analysis back to the Ratmans infantile sexuality and the anal stage. The Ratman was exposed to sexual events at an early age. His premature sexual activity leads to his desire to see women naked. Freud believed that his Superego took over and he started to experience guilt ‘an uncanny feeling, as though something must happen if I thought such things, and as though I must do all sorts of things to prevent it ’. Freud enquired to what that might happen. He responds ‘that my father might die’ () This scopophilic instinct lead to conflict and repression of his desire. At the age of three he bit a nurse (rat like) and his father punished him for this with a beating. The Ratman shouts hostile
In all theories of relationship, Sigmund Freud's Oedipus Rex's complex has been the most studied, it has also sparked a lot of debate. Freud used the study result of a boy in 1909 in his analysis, he described the 5-year-old boys fear for horses because of a feeling of anger he had developed internally and relating to his parents. He theorized that little boys usually choose their mother primarily for sexual interest, he said they subconsciously wish to expropriate their fathers and become their mothers' lover. Freud theorized that this behavior is usually observed in children between the ages of 3 - 5 when the child is in a stage he called the phallic stage of development. Since the child suspects that his actions based on these feelings will lead to danger and his desires will be repressed, leading to anxiety. This analogy, the Oedipus Rex's complex is named after Sophocles' protagonist who obliviously murders his father to marry his mother.
Psychodynamic theories of psychology focuses on the subconscious self, influencing behaviors of an individual and are used to explain the development of mental illness and abnormalities. The basis of psychodynamics is Sigmund Freud’s theory in which he describes three states of mind vying for their preferred goal: the Id concerned with obtaining pleasure, the Superego concerned with upholding morality, and the Ego which uses reason to balance the desires of the two extremes. Freud describes three levels of consciousness the conscious which is what ideas we always know about, the preconscious which is ideas that we can make conscious, and the unconscious which is the ideas that are underneath our understanding which may include suppressed memories of traumatic events. He sees human motivation coming from a vague notion of instincts which include the life instinct which drives people to stimulate themselves/survive and the death instinct which drives people to be calm, serene, slipping into death. Freud gives great importance to human sexuality in his theories by linking such dilemmas during the childhood stages of development of the “sex instinct” to mental problems in adulthood in the form of subconscious ideas about the past influencing current actions. He sees defense mechanisms in people’s actions as an attempt to protect the person’s view of self or to protect from revealing something they don’t want known, certain cues like forgetting what to say reveal that there is
The unconscious mind houses the preconscious, a small section that houses material that is non-threatening, and easily brought to mind. But deeper in the unconscious mind are the instinctual drives, the wishes, desires, demands, and needs that are kept hidden from out conscious selves because of the conflicts and pain they would cause if they were brought to bear every day. Psychoanalytic personality theory tells us that the personality consists of three separate, but forever intermingling elements, id, ego, and superego. The id section of a personality is by far the largest, the only section that we are born with, and the section that contains the unconscious thoughts, it is raw, unorganized, and from the time of birth it tries to reduce tension caused by our primary drives. The ego, a section that develops soon after birth, balances the instinctual desires of the id and the realities of the outside world. Last of course is the superego, the final personality structure that is developed in childhood, and represent the rights and wrongs of society, contained within the superego is the conscience, the part of us that prevents us from behaving in a morally deplorable way and is responsible for guilt. Psychoanalytic personality theory is not without its virtues; Freud’s proposed five psychosexual stages – oral, anal, phallic-oedipal, latency and genital – are all supported in life.
Freud’s theory of personality examined the interplay between the primitive, instinctual urges—the ‘id’; the practical and rational ‘ego’; and the morally attuned ‘superego’; ‘object relations’ refer to the "object" of an instinct”, which is “the agent through which the instinctual aim is achieved”—most often a person and, according to Freud, most often the mother (Ainsworth 1969, p. 1). The psychosexual development theory that Freud launched reduces our behaviour to mechanistic responses to an instinctive need for pleasure fueled by the ‘libido’ and barriers or distortions to the gratification of the libido at various delineated stages of development were responsible for later problems in life (Kail & Zolner 2012, p. 5). Erik Erikson later added depth to the approach by including more humanistic elements to Freud’s stages and including more periods of development (p.
One of Freud’s most relevant theories is his Theory of Psychosexual Development which seeks to explain sexual development from infancy to adulthood. This theory describes sexual development via five main phases. In the
Freud was known for having the inclinations to follow every mental issue back to sexual issues. Despite the fact that lone parts of his hypothesis of psychosexual advancement are being acknowledged by standard analysts, Freud's hypothesis of the Oedipal Complex has turned out to be extremely well known in the way of life. That hypothesis is the critical for sexual association with the parent of the inverse sex and a corresponding feeling of contention with the parent of a similar sex. Sigmund Freud acquainted us with the idea in his "Interpretation of Dreams" in 1899. Psychoanalysis is a system of psychological theory and therapy that aims to treat mental disorders by investigating the interaction of conscious and unconscious elements. Freud developed this theory all because of his study of the unconscious mind. And that the unconscious mind will govern your mind and behavior to a greater than anyone would ever think would be done. The whole purpose of of the psychoanalysis theory is to to turn the unconscious conscious. That's what psychoanalysis is and how it was developed (McLeod, 2014).
From a Freudian perspective human development is based on psychosexual theory. From a psychosexual perspective maturation of the sex drives underlies stages of personality development (Shaffer et al., 2010). Ultimately, Freud believed that sex was the most important instinct and any mental disturbance revolved around sexual conflicts that were suppressed from childhood. Furthermore, Freud believed that parents permitting too much or too little gratification of sexual needs led
With free association encouragement of open free talking is asked of the patient, who is instructed to lie down on a couch, and express any and every thought (Schultz & Schultz, 2012). The whole goal is to bring anything to light that has been repressed, because the repression is believed to cause the odd or abnormal behavior (Schultz & Schultz, 2012). From his sessions with patients Freud discovered that the root of the abnormal behavior for many patients involved sexual matters (Schultz & Schultz, 2012).
“Sigmund Freud was an Austrian neurologist best known for developing the theories and techniques of psychoanalysis.” Sigmund Freud developed psychoanalysis, a method through which an analyst unpacks unconscious conflicts based on the free associations, dreams, and fantasies of the patient.” He is most popular for his theories on child sexuality, libido, and the ego. (Sigmund Freud Biography) He believed that traumatic things that happened in people’s childhoods influenced their behavior and personality as they got older. He believed that traumatic events that happened in childhood had been forgotten and hidden from conscious. He treated his patients by getting them to recall the experience and bring it to consciousness.
Sigmund Freud (1856-1939), was an influential Austrian psychologist and the founder of psychoanalysis. Freud went on to produce several theories, such as his theory on psychosexual development, which will be the focus of this assignment. Using the case study of a six-year-old patient, I will discuss the key principles of Freud’s theory on psychosexual development. Including, comprehensive definitions of the concepts used, and the stages of Freud’s psychosexual development. Lastly using Freud’s theory, I will explain how the patient’s current behaviour, could impact her behaviour in adulthood.
As this perspective was originally developed by Freud, he believed that all behaviour can be explained in the terms of inner conflicts of the mind. For example, in the case study of Little Hans, Freud argued that little Hans’ phobia of horses was caused by a displaced fear of his father. Freud believed that children go through five psychosexual stages of development known as the oral stage, the anal stage, the phallic stage, the latency stage and the genital stage. In the case study of Little Hans, Freud focused mainly on the phallic stage which Hans’ was inevitably in by being between the ages of three to five. This stage is where sexual identification was established. Freud hypothesised that within this stage the child would experience the ‘Oedipus complex’ which concentrates on a child’s desire to have sexual relations with the parent of the opposite sex; being Little Han’s mother.
Sigmund Freud created strong theories in science and medicine that are still studied today. Freud was a neurologist who proposed many distinctive theories in psychiatry, all based upon the method of psychoanalysis. Some of his key concepts include the ego/superego/id, free association, trauma/fantasy, dream interpretation, and jokes and the unconscious. “Freud remained a determinist throughout his life, believing that all vital phenomena, including psychological phenomena like thoughts, feelings and phantasies, are rigidly determined by the principle of cause and effect” (Storr, 1989, p. 2). Through the discussion of those central concepts, Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis becomes clear as to how he construed human character.
The anal stage is the second among Freud’s psychosexual stages of development. The anal stage, according to Freud, is the period of human development that occurs between the ages of one to four years old. This is around the age that a child begins the process of “potty-training”. This “potty-training” then brings about the fascination in the erogenous zone of the anus for the child. The erogenous zone is focused on bowel control. This caused Freud to believe that controlling bowel movements was the main focus of libido.
In this paper concerning Freud’s thoughts on sexual violence, I will reduce the use of passive voice, have structured sentences and improve the grammar. Sigmund Freud invested many hours to come up with a theory surrounding the impact of sexual violence and how it affects the lives of so many. In 1896, Freud discovered the seduction theory, which argues that acts of sexual abuse and violence inflicted on children directly causes mental illness in their adult life. I believe in the seduction theory, because many cases of post-traumatic stress disorder, depression and/or anxiety, and substance abuse exist with the link to victims of sexual violence.
This research paper will compare and contrast two of the most influencial psychologists who helped shape the way we understand the development of the human mind; Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson. The paper will focus on the similarities and differences between Freud’s Psycho-sexual theory, and Erikson’s psychosocial theory. Freud was one of the very first influencial psychologists who changed the way we study humans. Erikson recognized Freud’s contributions, and although he felt Freud misjudged some important dimensions of human development, he was still influenced by Freud, which caused some similarities in their theories.