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Analysis Of Punishment By Seamus Heaney

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In Heaney’s “Punishment”, his poem remarks specifically on the case of a young bog person, known as the Windeby girl, and its barbarous nature and the connection to many of the atrocities that were carried out upon Catholic girls at the time. The Windeby girl was an archaeological find in Germany in 1952; she was said to be an adulteress, and she was shaved, “blindfolded and drowned in the bog” (Lange). The Windeby girl was said to be found next to her “lover”, although this is speculated. Heaney is known by some as an “archaeologist” because of his poems which integrate the rich history of his country but also the events as in “Punishment”. The speaker of the poem, Heaney himself, writes with empathy and sorrow for the young girl who was brutally violated for a crime directed toward her gender. He places himself as a witness, identifying with her torture, but confessing that he was just that, a witness. Yet, he says that although he is “outraged” by the punishment carried out upon the women, he “understand[s] the exact and tribal, intimate revenge” (Stallworthy). This phrase tips the morality scale of the author and makes the reader wonder how the speaker, or Seamus Heaney, could “understand” a brutality such as this? Or rather, does Seamus Heaney’s understanding actually mean that he could not expect any less from the men of the Irish Republican Army, who committed these heinous acts? While this question may be left up to interpretation, the message still runs clear:

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