An Investigation into Primary School Physical Education

First of all, students do not have much knowledge about the different fitness components; they do not understand the relation between the fitness components and health. If students acquire the background knowledge about fitness, it could improve the class engagement and motivation, and increase the independent drive to exercise. Second barrier to students’ achievement is the lack of motivation to be active, and even more difficult, to specific fitness activities, such as sit-ups and push-ups. In today’s society, students spend more time sitting in front a screen and less time moving. Parent and school today have more responsibility making sure the children get enough physical activity. According to the New York Times (2016), “early school physical education (PE) programs can make a significant difference, and the earlier these routines are learned the more likely they will be carried forth into a healthy adulthood”. Another barrier that prevents students’ success is the loss of instructional time due to discipline problems. The classes are too big, with many diverse students with individual problems, which are difficult to address when these issues are from very different backgrounds. Finally, there is not enough support from home affecting not only physical education, but

Glenn Amezdroz, Sue Dickens, Geoff Hosford, Tania Stewart, Damien Davis, Senior Physical Education Third Edition, Malaysia, Macmillan Education Publishers, 2012 Page 222, 229, 232-262.

The author starts the chapter by examining the role of physical education. The author discusses the CDC’S model for school health and the importance in the development of the physical, mental, emotional, and social health of a person. The author continues to discuss if physical education is a discipline or profession. The author then discusses the emergence of the subdisciplines of kinesiology.

Exercise and physical sport are fundamental to the early development of children and youth. There is an overwhelming amount of evidence that shows the positive effects of sport and exercise on physical health. While physical education provides a good basis for healthy exercise habits, sports further this knowledge and push the child to exercise even more. “Exercise in general controls weight by burning calories, improves the functioning of the cardiovascular system, placing a lower strain on the heart, and increases an athlete 's energy level while improving the quality of sleep” (Center for Disease…, 3) Organized sports and exercise in general can have a tremendous impact on children. Children who participate in sports are taught at

There are many important factors to consider when teaching students aged in their middle childhood (6-10 years) and planning curriculum. During this time the student’s physical development is changing dramatically and as teachers we need to understand the changes they are going through so we can adjust the learning environment accordingly. By “physical” I of course mean the development of the body, brain and motor skills. I will now explain the importance of all factors needed for excellent physical growth and development in the middle childhood years.

One out of three children in the United States are obese or overweight, while only six states across the United States follow the standards from the National Association of Sports and Physical Education for Schoolchildren (Rochman). While the physical education at schools are declining in the United States because the state requirements for education are putting pressure on schools to increase the class room part and decreasing the physical education. Schools are trying to save money for the core classes math, Science, Language Arts, and History. With that lack of physical activity in schools the childhood obesity is increasing. This is causing many health problems in our youth. In order to prevent the risks associated with obesity,

Daily Physical Activity, DPA, amongst the most known is very important. Regular physical activity not only affects one physically but mentally and socially. The incorporation of 30 minutes of DPA may induce student achievement and readiness of learning. Evidence proves the positive effect physical activity has on optimal learning, longevity and increased productivity (n.a., 2008). Additionally, in many cases, physical education class does not include the necessary amount of physical activity needed everyday. In these cases, other sources of physical activity need to be provided, whereby DPA becomes more important. The implementation of DPA within classrooms lays a foundation of healthy and active life styles at a young age. Through DPA children can boost their self-efficacy and develop assurance in their ability to succeed in the world of health and physical activity. In addition, it will enhance their physical literacy by mastering the fundamental and movement skills needed to move confidently in physical activity situations. Some youth today would rather watch sports then participate due to their lack of physical literacy. They doubt their ability to succeed in the sport and physical activity world. This is caused by both the lack of self-efficacy and physical

The topic I have chosen for the article review paper would be how sports introduce children and young people to an extremely healthy development. As said in the article being involved in sports at any age you can begin to start seeing changes in motor skills development, performance and educational potential(sportanddev.org). These changes are extremely important to look for in a child’s development because it helps them grow and puts a great impact on the child’s lifestyle. Being involved in an extracurricular activity, such as a sport could help a child in plenty of different areas. These different areas involve a healthy type of lifestyle which introduces you to new skills, long term involvement in physical activity and a new learning

The need for quality physical education in elementary schools is an important needed foundation for young children to maintain a future healthy lifestyle. The benefits of having physical education in elementary schools are endless. For example, physical education helps fight childhood obesity, lower the risk of heart disease and type 2 diabetes, and promote active children to be active adults. However, the rhetoric surrounding physical education in these schools are

Physical literacy is much more than physical activity or being the fastest, strongest, and most agile. According to Higgs et al, 2008, physical literacy also consists of being able to read the environment and events, then responding appropriately (as cited in Mandigo & desLibris, 2009). Therefore, it is not only the knowledge of the skills, but being able to apply one’s skills to different sports, the real world, and social situations. More recently, PE curriculums emphasize physical literacy in terms of the whole child—affective, physical, and cognitive. One must not only be physically fit but must also have the knowledge, understanding, confidence and satisfaction. It also means flexibility in responding to various

The perspective of this paper is to develop a philosophy on physical education and then explain what kind of job we plan on having later on in life and relate physical education to that. The purpose for developing this philosophy is to try and get the most out of the people I’m working with on physical education, whether it is an adult or adolescent.

Powell, Woodfield and Nevill (2015) produced an article entitled ‘Children’s physical activity levels during primary school break times: a quantitative and qualitative research design.’ The purpose of the article is to investigate the “diversity of primary school children’s physical activity” during outdoor recess. The research was carried out in two phases; phase one was the quantitative phase; the quantitative phase relied on the gathering of observational data using the System for Observing Children’s Activity and Relationships during Play (SOCARP) tool (Ridgers et al. 2010), this tool is used to monitor the behaviour of school children during their break time; splitting their actions into four subgroups, activity levels, group size,

Physical education is defined nowadays as a “systematic instruction in sports, exercises, and hygiene given as part of a school or college program” (Park). When most people think of the term “physical education” they think of it as “a broad, inclusive term comprising the fields of physical education, health education, safety education, athletics, recreation, dance education, kinesiology and so on” (Zeigler 1). It may sometimes be referred to as physical training or gym class and mainly is taught in grades kindergarten all to the way up to your senior year in high-school in the United States. The history of physical education dates way back to the Greek and Roman times and has slowly evolved into what it is now today. There is a

In Step 2 the authors stated purpose was to "Determine the effects of a curriculum designed by following social constructivist learning theory on learning fitness knowledge critical to healthful living in elementary school physical education. Specifically, we asked whether and to what extent curriculum influences elementary school students’ knowledge gain in three areas important to fitness development and healthful living: cardiorespiratory health, muscular capacity, and the principle of maintaining body flexibility and good nutrition.” (Sun, Chen, Zhu & Ennis, 2012, p. 217). After finishing their research study, the authors asserted that the results of the investigation concluded that “The superior knowledge gain in students who experienced the treatment curriculum can be attributed to the impact of the curriculum. Contributing factors include curricular coherence and the emphasis on helping students internalize the knowledge and skills in the curriculum and creating a highly learning- oriented learning community in which ZPDs can be meaningfully determined for students to enrich the learning experience. With the development of redefining learning as conceptual change in education, the evidence, based on knowledge gain determined by standardized tests, may be limiting still. Further studies incorporating conceptual change measures should be conducted to further our understanding of the power of curriculum on learning.” (Sun, Chen, Zhu & Ennis, 2012, p. 228). The

In this essay I wish to discuss how one can promote each the six features as outlined by (Kretchmar, 2006) in primary physical education. Oxford dictionary defines meaningful as 'serious, important or worthwhile' (Oxford University Press, 2017). This, in relation to physical education in a primary context, means that for pupils to gain from the lesson, it must have some form of