In advanced applications, the design of some structures, such as those in spacecraft, jet fighters and automobiles which require lightweight strength and have highly structural damping properties, is faced with great difficulty due to the fact that the decreased weight results in low rigidity and reacts with vibration characteristics. Vibration must be effectively controlled, otherwise it could be uncomfortable for humans, increase fatigue, cause instability and could result in damage to the entire system (Sharma et al., 2011). Tuned Vibration Absorbers (TVAs) are important engineering tools for vibration suppression. They can be passive, semi-active or active vibration control devices (Sun et al., 1995). Tuned Vibration Absorbers without …show more content…
Shan et al. (2009) investigated F2MC tubes for autonomous structural tailoring. They analysed a 3D analytical model of a single F2MC tube consisting of an inner liner layer and an outer composite laminate layer. This was followed by experimental tests for validation. The results show a good agreement. In their design space study, they found that the maximum modulus ratio can be obtained either using a composite laminate fibre angle (α ≈ 20°), by decreasing the F2MC tube thickness, or by increasing the fluid bulk modulus.
Philen (2010) developed a theoretical model of a F2MC system that plots the dynamics of FMC tube, servo-valve and fluid flow rate through it, by using linearized equations of motion. The experimental results showed that the desired force displacement curve can be tracked in the F2MC system by valve control.
Vashisth et al. (2013) evaluated a three-layered F2MC tube which was two millimetres in diameter, manufactured in polyurethane reinforced with braided stainless steel wire in the middle layer, surrounded by polyurethane layers both inside and outside. They experimentally tested this tube for blocked force, free strain and axial modulus of elasticity. The results showed the ability of the tubes for future applications in areas where small tube diameter is required.
The most important properties of F2MC tubes found by researchers are their fluid pumping capacity, which is about
I took the graduated cylinder and started filling it up with water until the bottom of the meniscus was to the the 100.0 mL mark with the assistance of a dropper pipet. I then took the 13 x 100 mm test tube and slowly poured the water from the graduated cylinder into the test tube until it was full to the top. I then poured the water in the test tube out into the sink and put the graduated cylinder on the counter so I can get an accurate measurement of the lower meniscus to record on my data table. I once again followed the same procedure again filling a second test tube with water from the graduated cylinder then setting it on a straight surface to get an accurate measure of the volume to
The strut mount bushings gets the maximum amount of pressure among the suspension components. It recedes the noise
Each separate truss (of the dimensions 920x5x50mm) consisted of a Pratt truss with nine diagonal members on each side of the centre. The model was tested in sufficiently isolated condition by tutors. It successfully passed the initial weight test, and satisfactorily resisted horizontal forces. Once fitted onto the testing rig, loads were applied and increased incrementally. Slight deformation was observed before failing at 12.5 kg, at which force a collection of members failed in succession, concluding the test.
This report details the process for the design of a composite laminate tube, the software package 'MathCAD' was used to determine a lamina design with a configuration that avoids mechanical failure under loading conditions. It was also used to obtain twist angles and maximum stresses for specific lamina wind up angles. The report will provide analysis of the methods used to obtain these criteria.
In Figure 4, Young's modulus is plotted against yield strength. The diagonal line in the figure represents the material index M= σy/E. Materials below the diagonal line are the best candidate materials because they will remain elastic while providing the maximum conformability. All materials that cost more than $2.20 per pound and have a UV rating of "poor" were eliminated. Also, only materials that can be made through the polymer extrusion process were considered. The candidate materials are listed in Table 1 and ranked by the material index. The current material, TPV, is included in the table for
Curled Metal Inc (CMI) is a company whose strategy evolves selling products that used certain types of metal as a raw material. CMI rapidly grow in the last decade due to Slip-Seal, a product that meet the demanding specification of the automaker imposed by US strict environment legislation. In order to diversify offer from auto industry, CMI’s management decided to examine a new application for curled metal technology.
The Lift Coefficient CL is calculated using the graphs 1-6. In this report counting the squares method is used to calculate the area between the curves for pressure distribution on the upper surface and lower surface. The area gives the lift coefficient at particular angles
Experiment Two: Stiffness Report from laboratory work performed on 12 May 2011 as a part of the unit of study CIVL2201 Structural Mechanics
The male gaze is a term that references how often women in media only have the purpose in stories in order to be objectified. Especially in the comics we read, the beautiful women are always shown more sexually than the men. In the Phantom Lady comics, her clothes constantly hug her figure, and she is occasionally shown in sexual positions. There is a scene on page 17 where she is shown changing, purely for fan service rather than being vital to the plot. Additionally, her costume serves no function for her, especially since it’s just a cape accompanied by almost a bathing suit type outfit, it is purely this way so that she is sexy looking. There are even gratuitous shots of her running just to emphasize on her figure, as on page 19, where
Mass1 is the mass of the body, Mass2 is the Suspension mass of the wheel, C1 is the suspension damping constant and C2 is the damping constant of wheel and tire assembly, k1is the spring constant in the suspension system and k2 is the spring constant of the tire, Xr represents the road input force, X1 force acting on Mass1, X2 the force acting on Mass2 and f represents the control element.
A root cause is the background cause that leads to the event and a direct cause is the final and direct event that begins another event. Some root causes would be imperialism, nationalism, militarism, alliances, and industrialism.
However, the absence of plastic deformation does not mean that composites are brittle materials like monolithic ceramics. The heterogeneous nature of composites result in complex failure mechanisms which impart toughness. Fiber-reinforced materials have been found to produce durable, reliable structural components in countless applications. The unique characteristic of composite materials, especially anisotropy, require the use of special design
One advancement, Hydro-forming, has changed the way many products are produced and manufactured in the past 3 decades. It is a die forming operation, used primarily for creating complex parts without the expensive cost of tooling, and die making. Tubular-Hydroforming will be the focus of this report as it is a key process in the production of a Bicycle
These materials can be designed and used in the form of laminates, rods, dry fibers (sheets) adhesively bonded to the concrete, wet lay-up sheets mounted on the surface, or near surface mounted bars or laminate strips in the concrete cover [1]. Over years, a large numbers of studies on the behavior of CFRPstrengthened beams have been conducted to have a better understanding for their behavior under different loading conditions along with to develop the best technique of applying the CFRP fabric sheets and/or strips. Many drawbacks associated with the application of the CFRPs attributed to the characteristics of currently available commercial CFRP strengthening systems.
Due to the steam engine being quite heavily damped this oscillator will just simply stop without a force to compensate for the resistance within this system. But this force also has to be applied at the perfect time as it will have no or little affect if it is applied at the wrong time so timing has to be taken into account and the size of the force also has to be just enough to overcome the resistance to either accelerate the piston or to keep it a constant velocity. The force though has to be equal to resistance to keep the piston moving at a constant velocity and to increase the velocity of the piston the force will have to be greater than the resistance in the system, but to decrease the velocity of the piston the force will have to be less than the resistance in the system.