Air Pollution In Madrid

The town of Halton Hill’s population includes the areas of Georgetown and Acton and other communities such as Erin, Oakville, Burlington and Milton regions. This is what is considered to be my community because these are the many places that I am visiting most often and they are always referred to together as “Halton Hills Region” (p.5, 2011). With the substantial increase in population in the Halton Hills region, more specifically Georgetown, there should be a strong demand for a public transit system to counteract all of the environmental disturbances that are being caused due to this increase. One of the things that is happening is that there are so many trees they are cutting down in order to expand and grow the population with houses being built. Statistics are showing that the population of Halton Hill’s region will expand by 54% over the next 20 years (p.5, 2011). By the year 2031, employment rates will increase by 75%, leaving Halton with 42,100 jobs being offered (p.5, 2011). With this rapid influx of citizens, this will only increase the demands of travel to get to these work places as well as other destinations (p.5, 2011). Over the past couple of year’s the traffic congestion on the major roads in Halton Hills such as Trafalgar Road and Regional Road 25 with individuals trying to get to and from work. There used to be very little traffic in these areas, however since Halton Hill’s has continued to expand, the utilization of automobiles has significantly increased due to the fact there is no public transit system. The Transportation Demand Management in Halton Hill’s is noticing the increase in automobiles stating that there needs to be a major shift in more efficient ways of transportation, yet there still has been nothing improvised (p.7, 2011). The Transportation Demand

Yes, I agree with your post. I just would like to comment regarding the air pollution. The pollution in the air causes quite a few problems in the nineteenth century such as: the trees started to dye, the smoke irritated the nose and they was prone to other diseases. “The poor immigrants and blacks who lived and worked in crowed inner cities were especially prone to diphtheria and pneumonia” (Merchant, 120). The air pollution was mainly in the towns where there was coal burning

In 1992, the United Nations described Mexico City’s air as the most polluted on the planet. Six years later,earned its name “the most dangerous city in the world for children”. But despite more than a decade of dangerous pollution, a haze hangs over the city most days, obscuring the surrounding snow-capped mountains and endangering the health of its inhabitants. Geography interferes with human population to produce a poisonous scenario. Located in the crater of an extinct volcano, Mexico City is about 2,240 metres above sea level. The lower levels of oxygen at this altitude cause incomplete fuel in engines and higher types of compounds. Intense sunlight turns these into abnormal smog levels. Overall, the smog prevents the sun from heating up atmosphere enough to penetrate the ozone layer above the city. Solving this problem has been a priority for Mexico. Recent efforts to lower levels of emissions have been successful. In the 1990s, the government introduced air quality improvement programs that included a rotating one-weekday ban on car use. On days of high pollution, the ban extends to every second day. In addition to this program, car owners must have their vehicles certified every six months.

His first comprehensive city plan was La Ville Contemporaine (the Contemporary City) a project to house three million inhabitants designed in 1922. This was Le Corbusier’s first attempt to reconcile man, nature and machine (Fishman, 189). The city starts at the center with a transportation hub for busses, trains, cars and planes. Surrounding this hub there will be an organized cluster of 24 60-story skyscrapers. These glass and steel skyscrapers are cross-shaped. Each individual skyscraper is to be set within a large rectangular green space. The skyscrapers house the “brain” of the city. The city is beautifully geometric and symmetrical. Placing the skyscrapers in the city center reinforces the emphasis on capital as a means of creating a successful city. Because of the shape and mass of each skyscraper, they have more usable space than an entire neighborhood but also relieves density and congestion because of the organization (Frampton, 46).

The "socialist” city was constructed after World War II to accommodate the rapid increase of people caused by industrialization. The general appearance of this type of city was heavily influenced by what was in practice in the Soviet Union. The city has vast streets and large public areas. Housing consists of four tofive story apartment buildings. Normally, construction was sub-par. Apartments commonly consist of two or three rooms plus a kitchen and a bathroom. All apartments have access to gas, electricity, and municipal water and most have central heating. There is minimal space for parking and children's play. The center of the city is devoted to government buildings, not to commercial outlets and the service sector. Places of employment, especially industry, are located some distance from

The city was becoming an inhumane place to live and today present different view. We are experiencing the emergence of a new urbanism that, unlike traditional planning does not seek the satisfaction only, of the maximum economic efficiency of a city, where the flow of capital, selling cars, real estate speculation and manufacturing productivity are above the minimum human needs. The "New Urbanism" offers a balanced city, where economic, social and environmental are in the same plane of importance, where humans and their physiological and psychological needs are the starting point of urban planning. The New Urbanism simply proposes a human city; we might well call, planning of the city for the Humans.

They show that the city should not obligatory be a source of contamination, but it can be almost just as ecological, as suburbs. The new city will be green, full with forests, gardens, and fields (The City - 1939 Housing in America Documentary 22:30 min). It should not be overcrowded and of the size which would perfectly fit people needs. People will live in convenience, having well-developed infrastructure and cozy neighborhoods, proper for bringing up children. Promoting green way of life (Howard 73), the authors, nevertheless, do not deny industrialization. They insist on making the factories more automatized, so that they produced less emissions and people could do less hard work (The City - 1939 Housing in America Documentary 23:20 min)

The book is an analysis of the early urban planning policy which is implemented in almost many of the neighborhoods in United States. Jane Jacobs describes the important factors that is really affecting cities and proposes considerations and techniques to improve the city's actual performance by looking into things that influences on how the cities work rather than how it works based on urban planners and designers.

Since the last century, society has been witness of great deal of changes, as political as economic, and technological. These changes have opened a new world of possibilities which was not available before, people should consider themselves fortunate of living on the 21st century. There is access to information as has never been before. Nevertheless, change always has consequences, and on this time of technology is not the exception. The earth is dying slowly, the air people is breathing is not safe anymore. The United States has a bad air quality, an example of it, is the city of Houston, in the state of Texas. In fact, Houston’s pollution problem has become a dangerous health issue over the last years. To solve this severe problem is necessary

Mexico has a very high air pollution which is very costly referring to the World Bank they say that each year air pollution is estimated to 500,000 to 1 million premature deaths worldwide and costs equivalent to around 2% of the GDP. Worldbank This is a very big issue as people could get sick easily and die earlier than they should.

The city has never stopped its pace of development since new technologies bought the city a new lease of life. As a reason, it created many opportunities associated with transport, infrastructure, manufacturing that influence people’s lifestyle in terms of urban form and population. The purpose of this paper is to compare the consequences of similarities and differences from Auckland (New Zealand) and New York (America). Although, these two cities indicates two different urban form. There are similarities at the same time and they shows the general trend of the spread of cities.

The modern reality of the cities is defined by complex urban, social and environmental problems. The era of intense urbanisation is associated with the phenomenon of the unregulated urban sprawl, globalisation and consumerism. Especially for the metropolis, for both, the developed and developing countries, there is overconcentration of the population in confined spaces, which leads to insufficient-available infrastructures of common utility, accommodation and transportation. This has become a fact that is causing problems with the living conditions, and enhances the negative environmental effects. Due to those problems, humanity tried to create a theoretical concept of the ‘ideal’ and an

Air, is one of the most substantial source to mankind and our planet. While it exists, so does everything else along. However, in today’s epidemic, there has been certain factors that have increased in understanding whether the air we breathe today is healthy or not? Is it doing more harm than we thought? In other words, the health risks against air pollution have risen in the past few decades; all from what you may ask? Well, it could be for various factors and evaluations; either environmental or materialistic. Pollution is a major public health crisis in the world. (Friis, 2012). This is one of the conflicts that contribute to various aspects of an individual’s life, whether they may realize it or not. In this paper will include the sources that cause pollution with the effects it cause as well as policies on the regulation of air pollution.

Kevin lynch’s book ‘Good city form’ gives us the answer of the question that what are the factors and aspects which makes good city and how to achieve it as cities are too complicated objects, they are far beyond the control, and they also affect the too many people with too many cultural variations. The book provides knowledge of various urban theories through comprehensive discussions.

Cities are places which have huge amount of gathering of people, collection of economic activities and complex infrastructure for people which all together are supported by transport systems.