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Agriculture In Mesoamerican Civilization

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The Mesoamerican people who inhabited the Western Hemisphere developed independently from the rest of the world by natural barriers set by oceans to both the east and the west. From the time period spanning from 1200s BCE to 1500s CE, the Olmecs, Mayans, and Aztecs lived on the isolated land for centuries, establishing their distinctive scientific and academic achievements. At the other side of the globe in Mesopotamia, a civilization in the form of a city-state called Sumer also incorporated achievements similar to that of the Olmecs, Mayans, and Aztecs. The extensive use of irrigation was found in all four groups of people that became a vital part of their life, providing water to crops in locations not necessarily directly next to a water …show more content…

Throughout the three civilizations, various methods of dealing with crops were introduced in attempts of increasing yield and production. The Olmecs developed irrigation, which made agriculture an important element of Mesoamerican life as it brought surpluses that led to population growth and civilization expansion. Alongside irrigation is the extensive planting and harvesting of crops like beans, squash, and especially maize that became the basis and stable crops of the community. The Mayans continued the agricultural success of the preceding people by draining swamps and erecting platforms for farming. These two practices greatly expanded the amount of land agriculture could take place in a geography without vast fertile lands, further leading to population boost and empire building in addition to the long-lasting practice of irrigation. With with the aid of innovations made into reality by the two previous groups of people, the Aztecs kept the tradition of constant improvement to current conditions. Building up on the Mayan efforts of draining swamps, the Aztecs developed Chinampas. These aquatic water beds that acted as floating islands extended the existing use of irrigation on the rich aquatic environment of the capital, Tenochtitlan. With these multiple examples and instances of agricultural advancements that continued and improved on the products and practices of previous civilizations, changes still coexist in the middle as the use of calendar differed from one civilization to the next despite sharing a root of calendar

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