Hypothesis: I predict that African American women will be more of a higher risk than in Caucasian women for heart disease.
Iv: Poor eating habits, stress of everyday life, lack of exercise Dv: African American and Caucasian
Abstract:
Introduction:
Heart diseases are known as one of the top killers of the 21st century including to
be more dangerous than Cancer. Different conditions that can affect the heart is
what is known as “heart disease or cardiovascular disease.”(heart.org). They have no
boundaries or preferences in gender, race, or ethnicity making them that much
more dangerous because anyone can have them. They are referred to as being
“silent killers”
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Yet, heart
diseases no longer have as their prime target only men, a misconception that for
many decades was thought of to be true. Females were thought of being low to non
existent targets of heart disease, which resulted in not having diagnostic tests done
as often as they should have. Now, heart diseases are just as common in both
genders but with a higher risk in women (Pekka et al, 1998). Since 1984, there
has been more women dying from heart diseases than men. Women experience heart
diseases ten years later than men usually around age 55 years old more fatal then cancer,
heart disease is said to be the number one killer in women (A.H.E.M. Maas et
al, 2010). Data has shown that a woman is killed every minute of a heart disease that is
about 1 in 3 women dying yearly. It has also been proven women have a ninety percent
chance of having many risk factors that can cause heart disease. In total about 43 million
women have had a heart disease in the U.S. (Carey et al, 2012).
Risk factors associated to heart disease can also differentiate in both sexes. For
example, women have a higher percentage of hypertension over the age of 65 years old,
compared to men where the percentage is lower, the same result has been found in
diabetes mellitus (Mosca et al, 2011). Menopause, a natural event in a woman’s life can
cause there to be a
* 41% of deaths of males under the age of 75 (60,000 in the UK) are caused by
Traditionally men are considered to be at high risk. However Hemingway et al reported that women have a similarly high incidence of angina when compared with men. Additionally women with stable angina have an increased long-term coronary mortality when compared with women from the general population (122, 124).
The article is reliable because Clever interviewed a St. Louis doctor, Dr. Ted E. Garrett, who is a cardiothoracic surgeon and knowledgeable on the topic of heart disease. Women and heart disease is a current topic because heart disease is the number one killer among women and it has been taken more seriously when women come into the hospital with symptoms than in the past. Many facts and statistics are used in the document, which appears to be accurate since this is a reliable source and information given from a cardiothoracic surgeon. The news article is researched based written by a news reporter who interviewed a well qualified doctor. The overall goal of the newspaper article is to inform those who think heart disease is a man’s disease and also teach the public more about heart
Reality: "Between the ages of 15 and 45, close to 90% of diagnosed patients are women
The World Heart Federation (2016) identifies older age as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease with the risk of stroke doubling every decade after hitting age 55. As far as gender, men have a greater risk of heart disease than pre-menopausal women, however, once women past menopause,
Cardiovascular disease is a substantial concern and has emerged as one of the leading health issues. In examining cardiovascular disease, its incidence is astounding. Each year approximately one million men and women die, averaging one death every thirty three seconds (Heart, 2013).The death rate for cardiovascular issues such as myocardial infarction and CHF claim more lives than cancer and Aids combined. Heart disease will be the number one cause of death by the
Women and heart disease. (2014, February 12). Retrieved February 10, 2016, from American Heart Association website: http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Advocate/IssuesandCampaigns/QualityCare/Women-and-Heart-Disease_UCM_430484_Article.jsp#.VreQPlgrKUU
I predict that African American women will be more of a higher risk than in Caucasian
known risk factor is advanced maternal age-at age 35, a woman has 1 chance in
Among older population (65 years or older) there is increased risk of development of coronary artery disease and also it is leading cause of death as it accounts for almost 50% of all deaths among older population (Kligman 1992).
affected groups is the female-headed family. According to Bread for the World, in 2003, 28% of
When examining age in relation to risk for cardiovascular disease, middle-age is for all the highest risk. Males over approximate the age of 41 and females over 47 are at the highest risk for CVD. Genetically those individuals with a family history of cardiovascular disease will also be at a higher probability for CVD then those devoid of a family history of the disease. The
According to the case study in the text it states that sixty six percent of all women and
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the CDC, “Heart disease is the is the leading cause of death in the United States for both men and women.” The American Heart Association, or the AHA, states that heart disease (and other cardiovascular diseases) kills more Americans annually than all cancers, including Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease, combined. Another shocking statistic, presented by the American Heart Association, states that
Heart disease, for one example, was long thought to be a ‘male disease’ despite that fact that