Achilles Refusal To Agamemnon In The Iliad

From the discussion about book nine of the Iliad, the reasoning behind Achilles’ actions was discussed and the theme of freedom vs. fate was discovered. Book nine is considered to be the climax of the Iliad because it is a turning point in the war and the Greeks realize that they need Achilles. Agamemnon offers a multitude of gifts and gives a rather lame apology in the hopes of Achilles returning, however Achilles refuses the gifts. The Greeks all questioned Achilles’ mindset for they did not understand why he would refuse the gifts and glory offered to him. Considering how in these times, the Greeks associate honor with material objects, Achilles has just denied himself an opportunity to receive honor and a legacy. He became an outsider among

In the modern world, people, as a society, have always given themselves a goal or goals that they would like to attain at some point during their lifetime. Many people seek to attain riches, love, happiness or high stature within society. When we people set that goal, we tend to mold our lifestyles around it. As people work throughout their lives to achieve this ultimate goal, it becomes apparent to others what it is we are working so hard for. Just as this pattern is evident in modern society, it can also be seen in the times of Homer, particularly in the great Greek epic, the Iliad. This distinct pattern can be seen in Achilles, one of the most vital characters in the story. Achilles, being the ultimate most powerful warrior of all

Achilles is also angry at having to fight another man's battle. The Trojan War is being fought because Paris stole Helen, Agamemnon's sister-in-law. In his argument with Agamemnon, Achilles points out "It wasn't Trojan spearmen who brought me here to fight. The Trojans never did me damage, not in the least" (107). Achilles' rage heightens in the argument and he declares "No, you colossal, shameless--we all followed you, to please you, to fight for you, to win your honor back from the Trojans---Menelaus and you, you dog-face!" (108). Achilles is also angry because even though he and many other soldiers are there risking their lives for Agamemnon and Menelaus, Agamemnon is sly enough to avoid personal injury. Achilles says to Agamemnon, "Never once did you arm with the troops and go to battle or risk an ambush packed with Achaea's picked men--you lack the courage, you can see death

In book one of the Iliad, a plague is placed on the Achaian army because Agamemnon wouldn’t release Chryseis, a maiden he’d taken as a prize for sacking a Trojan-allied town. Agamemnon refuses to give up Chryseis until Achilleus surrenders Briseis, another maiden, to him as consultation. This insults Achilleus’ pride and is the first event in the epic to fuel his burning rage (1.8-1.611). Due to his leader, Agamemnon, wounding his pride, he refuses to fight for the Achaians for the first 15 books. However, the tide turns in book 16 when Patroklos, Achilleus’ friend, is killed (16.816-16.821). His rage causes him to join the Achaians once more and develope aristeia, where a hero in battle has his finest moments. He nearly single-handedly slaughters the Trojan army by splitting their ranks and pursuing half of them into the river, where he recognizes Lykaon (21.1-21.35).

When the men of Agamemnon come to take Briseis, Achilles gives her up without a fight, despite how heavy his heart is at the thought of losing her. Once she is gone, Achilles withdraws from his companions and sobs, praying to his mother to understand why he is treated the way he is, why he isn’t treated with respect. His mother, hearing his laments, comes to console him, telling him that she will visit Zeus and try to sway him towards helping the Trojans and destroying the Achaeans, to make them pay for disrespecting the son of Thetis.

The Iliad opens in the predicament of the Greeks who have somehow incurred the wrath of the gods. It is here that Agamemnon, supreme commander of the Grecian army, demand that Achilles give up his “prize” (Briseis) to replace his own “prize” (Chrysies) which he has to give up to appease the gods. Agamemnon has to

Achilles claims that a King who fights no battles should get no prize, but as explained before no king should should be expected to fight on the front lines of every war. The fight between the two grows after Achilles throws an offside insult to Agamemnon when telling him the rest of the war spoils have been given out. “Just how, Agamemnon, great field marshal . . . most grasping man alive…” After this insult Agamemnon need to fire back, because he can’t be torn down in front all of the nobles and warriors present. The insults escalate until Agamemnon and Achilles are ready to kill each other. In this situation they were both being childish and petty but Agamemnon is still the “least wrong.” Achilles fired the first shot in this case and Agamemnon needed to protect his reputation. He could have stepped away and showed he couldn’t be brought down by insults but in the heat of the moment, he wouldn’t have been thinking the clearest. Now addressing the obvious, Briseis was rightfully Achilles’ prize and Agamemnon stole her from him to replace Chryseis. As a King, Agamemnon would be expected to have the best prizes after the

11. One example in the Iliad that shows a sense of what Agamemnon deems as fair is when he gives up Chryses’ daughter, for he believes if he gives her up, then he should be given another prize to replace her. Agamemnon doesn’t think it is fair for him to give her up without receiving anything in return—it is not fair for him to give up his prize while others, like Achilles get to keep theirs (fair-faced Briseis). If he receives nothing for giving up Chryses’ daughter, then he sees it is fair for him to take Achilles’ prize in order to make the exchange equal (Homer Reading 1, p. 15). For Achilles, he thinks that it is fair that since he was born to have a brief life span, due to his mother, Thetis, that Zeus should grant him honor (Homer Reading 1, p. 21). Achilles believes it is only fair due to what he has already endured.

First, the gods influence on his fate becomes evident when Athena persuades Achilles to keep Agamemnon alive and spare Agamemnon from his rage. Due to Achilles holding onto this rage towards Agamemnon, a series of events transpire that push him closer and closer to making rash decisions that eventuate into his fate at the end of The Iliad. Right as Achilles closes in to kill Agamemnon, Athena appears to Achilles and says, “ you shall have a

Achilles, on the other hand, can almost be fully comprehended from his initial disagreement with Agamemnon. Agamemnon's unreasonable actions seem to justify Achilles' refusal to engage his men in battle, primarily, because his pride will not allow him to act. Achilles believes himself to be the most important man in the army and the injury cannot be forgiven. Even when a diplomatic escape is contrived by Agamemnon, Achilles sees his position as unchanged-doubtlessly, Odysseus would have relented but Achilles is unable to forget past grievances.

A description of Achilles’s rage in Homer’s The Iliad is shown when Odysseus says to Agamemnon,

During that entire time, Achilles’ justification for wallowing in self-pity is that he has been “dishonored”. This argument becomes null and void when Agamemnon offers lavish compensation for the affront. In addition to returning Briseis, Agamemnon offers Achilles seven unfired tripods, ten gold bars, twenty burnished cauldrons, a dozen horses, seven beautiful women from Lesbos, twenty Trojan women, his daughters’ hand in marriage along with a rich dowry, and the ownership of seven populous cities. Any reasonable person would have taken the offer but not prideful, bitter Achilles. Instead he continues on with the same old rhetoric and refuses to fight. As if standing idly by while his countrymen were being killed was not enough, Achilles has his mother call in a favor to Zeus asking him to help the Trojans so that even more Greeks would die during his absence. Not only did he abandon his comrades, he actually prayed for them to die because his pride had been hurt.

The Ancient Greeks admired their heroes and tried to learn from both their achievements and their mistakes. They believed that most great leaders and warriors followed a predictable behavior cycle, which often ended tragically. In Homer’s epic poem, The Iliad, Achilles is a great warrior who traces the stages of the behavior cycle twice, from arete to hubris to ate and then to nemesis. Achilles is a highly skilled warrior and a great leader who becomes a narcissist and an arrogant person, which leads to selfish and childish behavior resulting in the death of his best friend. Following Patroclus’ death, Achilles repeats the behavior cycle by regaining his courage and motivation, and goes back to battle against Hector. The pride he feels in

She talks Achilles into using his words to fight Agamemnon instead of his sword. To obey the gods Achilles verbally lashes him calling him a drunkard and a coward who stays behind the fight letting other men die while he reaps the glory because he feared death even though he will take the prize of any man that disagrees with him. He will not fight any more and that Agamemnon has brought the destruction of the Greek army on himself for failing to honor the best of the Greek warriors. He would give up Briseis because it was Agamemnon that gave her to him but if he touched anything else of his he would kill him. Achilles gave up Briseis to Agamemnon’s men telling them that one day they would need his help for their leader didn’t know how to see how his actions affected everyone. In the movie of Troy after taking the beach outside of the city of Troy Achilles is given Briseis as his prize of honor the leaders met together giving gifts to Agamemnon. Achilles spoke to the king telling him that he had won a victory that day. Agamemnon told him that he had won the beach of Troy from Prium that morning, that history remembers kings not warriors and even though he was there to fight for the continuation of his name his wouldn’t be the one who was remembered. Achilles tells him to be careful because he needs to win the war first. Agamemnon recounts that Achilles men had taken the temple of Apollo. Achilles tells him that he can take all of the gold for

Agamemnon is the leader of the Greek army, and leads them to war with the Trojans. Agamemnon has always been seen as a more selfish character throughout the Iliad, when he makes decisions he mostly thinks of how it will benefit him, more so than his people, the greeks. His only concern is power, and he will do whatever to receive this aspect. Agamenon lets the idea of power take over his thoughts, and his mind does not consider anything else besides power. By having Agamemnon do this, it makes him come across as a less respected leader on the greek side. However Agamemnon is still honored by his people. The Trojans and the Greeks had just became allies until Paris, son of King Priam, took Helen, the goddess of beauty and Menelaus's wife, back to Troy with him because he claims to have love for her. Once the greeks found out about Helen going to Troy, Menelaus asked his brother, Agamemnon, to fight the Trojans with him in order to get Helen back, this is when Agamemnon saw the chance to gain power over Troy all together. Agamemnon’s obsession with power affected him before he arrived at Troy. When he began to set sail for Troy Agamemnon insulted Artemis, the god of winds, Artemis then stopped Agamemnon’s ships from sailing to Troy. Agamemnon then sacrificed his daughter, Iphigenia, in order to be able to set sail and go to Troy, this choice will result in Agamemnon losing his life once he returns home after the war. The decision