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APUSH Chapter 1 Summary

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Chapter 1 (13th) New World Beginnings 1. The Shaping of North America 1. Recorded history began 6,000 years ago. It was 500 years ago that Europeans set foot on the Americas to begin the era of accurately recorded history on the continent. 2. The theory of “Pangaea” exists suggesting that the continents were once nestled together into one mega-continent. The continents then spread out as drifting islands. 3. Geologic forces of continental plates created the Appalachian and Rocky Mountains. 4. The Great Ice Age thrust down over North America and scoured the present day American Midwest. 2. Peopling the Americas 1. The “Land Bridge” theory… 1.1. As the Great Ice Age diminished, so did the glaciers over North America. 1.2. The …show more content…

5.5. Spain watched Portugal’s success with exploration and slaving with envy and wanted a piece of the pie. 6. Columbus Comes upon a New World 1. Columbus convinced Isabella and Ferdinand to fund his expedition. 2. His goal was to reach the East (East Indies) by sailing west, thus bypassing the around-Africa route that Portugal monopolized. 3. He misjudged the size of the Earth though, thinking it 1/3 the size of what it was. 4. So, after 30 days or so at sea, when he struck land, he assumed he’d made it to the East Indies and therefore mistook the people as “Indians.” 5. This spawned the following system… 5.1. 5.1.1. Europe would provide the market, capital, technology. 5.1.2. Africa would provide the labor. 5.1.3. The New World would provide the raw materials of gold, soil, and lumber. 7. When Worlds Collide 1. Of huge importance was the biological flip-flop of Old and New Worlds. Simply put, it was a trade of life such as plants, foods, animals, germs. 2. From the New World (America) to the Old 2.1. corn, potatoes, tobacco, beans, peppers, manioc, pumpkin, squash, tomato, wild rice, etc. 2.2. also, syphilis 3. From Old World to the New 3.1. cows, pigs, horses, wheat, sugar cane, apples, cabbage, citrus, carrots, Kentucky bluegrass, etc. 3.2. devastating diseases – smallpox, yellow fever, malaria as Indians had no immunities. 3.2.1. The Indians had no immunities in their systems built up over generations. 3.2.2. An

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