The roles of men and women evolve over time. In 1879 the roles, obligations, and expectations of a man and woman were very different from those today. In A Doll’s House, Henrik Ibsen illustrates the reproachful role of women in society and how appearances can be deceiving. A man was considered the head of the house. He brought home the money, supported the family, and took care of anything of business matter. Women were to take care of housework, the children, and their duties as a wife. The man thought that if he could not provide sufficient money a loan still must not be taken out because it would cause debt. Torvald expresses his belief in this by saying, “There can be no freedom or beauty about a home life that depends on borrowing …show more content…
Nora does not think she can properly care for her three children with the way her life is at the present. She believes the nanny will be a better mother to her children than she could be. Some believe Nora makes a brave move by leaving; however, others disagree. In Forward’s essay she says, “[Outraged critics] regarded Nora as an unnatural woman for leaving her husband and children, because such behaviour undermined and threatened the stability of society” (“A new world for women? Stephanie Forward considers Nora’s dramatic exit from Ibsen’s A Doll’s House”). Obligations as a parent, wife, husband, child, or whoever was clearly defined. A parent was to be truthful and do right because their faults were passed to their children in the same sense as some kind of illness would be passed. Dr. Rank is an example of this belief as Nora reveals to Mrs. Linde, “He has consumption of the spine, poor creature. His father was a horrible man who committed all sorts of excesses; and that is why his son was sickly from childhood. . .” (II. 1777). After Torvald discovers what Nora has done he tells her she can live in the house but will not be allowed to raise the children. Nora and Mrs. Linde also show to have obligations to their parents, although Nora disregards hers. Nora chooses to be with her sick husband and go to Italy instead
Later in Act I, her friend Mrs. Linde visits Nora. Even in their conversation Mrs. Linde comments on Nora's childish behavior. "Well my heavens - a little needlework and such - Nora, you're just a child." (Ibsen 1511). Nora quickly defends herself, in some sense to regain her standing within her own ranks. "I've also got something to be proud and happy for. I'm the one who saved Torvald's life." (Ibsen 1511). By doing this Nora is secretly undermining society and providing for her husband. In contrast to society beliefs at the time, shouldn't a wife provide for her husband in his sickness? Thus creating an interesting paradox passed upon wedding vows. Apparently not or Nora would have confided in Torvald sooner. "Mrs. Linde: And you've never confided..." (Ibsen 1512).
A Doll’s House and The Importance of Being Earnest were both written in the late nineteenth century at a period in time when gender roles in society were not only significant to the structure of society but were restrictive and oppressive to individuals. This was particularly true in the case of women who were seen as the upholders of morals in polite society and were expected to behave accordingly. A Doll’s House and The Importance of Being Earnest challenge society and its inclination to categorise and expect certain behaviour of individuals based on their gender.
Many women in modern society make life altering decisions on a daily basis. Women today have prestigious and powerful careers unlike in earlier eras. It is more common for women to be full time employees than homemakers. In 1879, when Henrik Ibsen wrote A Doll's House, there was great controversy over the out come of the play. Nora’s walking out on her husband and children was appalling to many audiences centuries ago. Divorce was unspoken, and a very uncommon occurrence. As years go by, society’s opinions on family situations change. No longer do women have a “housewife” reputation to live by and there are all types of family situations. After many years of emotional neglect, and overwhelming control, Nora finds herself leaving her
In Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House, Nora Helmer is a traditional “angel in the house” she is a human being, but first and foremost a wife and a mother who is devoted to the care of her children, and the happiness of her husband. The play is influenced by the Victorian time period when the division of men and women was evident, and each gender had their own role to conform to. Ibsen’s views on these entrenched values is what lead to the A Doll’s House becoming so controversial as the main overarching theme of A Doll’s House is the fight for independence in an otherwise patriarchal society. This theme draws attention to how women are capable in their own rights, yet do not govern their own lives due to the lack of legal entitlement and
Mrs. Linde was not as privileged as Nora was--she had to accept responsibility and work hard for her money. Mrs. Linde's acceptance of responsibility draws attention to Nora's abandonment of her father. When her father was sick, she chose to spend all of her time caring for her husband and waiting for the arrival of her child, then to find any time to go and visit him. Nora did whatever she could to raise money to go on a trip to save Torvald's life and did not think once about visiting her dying father. During the friend's conversation, it was actually Mrs. Linde that brought up her father. When Nora was discussing how difficult it was to get away and go to Italy, because she had just had her child, she failed to mention that her father had passed away during that time and could have contributed to the difficult timing. Mrs. Linde is the one who had brought up the death of Nora's father in the conversation, in which Nora replied "yes...wasn't it dreadful, I couldn't go look after him. I was expecting little Ivar any day. And then I had my poor Torvald to care for--we really didn't think he'd live. Dear, kind Papa! I never saw him again", (Ibsen, 374). Mrs. Linde's priority was taking care of her mother; Nora's priority was raising money to take her husband on a trip to care for him while completely abandoning her father. Mrs. Linde's responsible actions exaggerate Nora's irresponsibility and neglect.
During this period, women were subjected in their gender roles and were restricted over what the patriarchal system enforced on them. Everyone was brought up believing that women had neither self-control nor self-government but that they must capitulate to the control of dominate gender. The ideology that “God created men and women different - … [and they should] remain each in their own position.” (eHow, Ibsen's Influences on Women's Rights) is present in A Doll’s House with Nora’s character, as she is seen as the ideal women during the Victorian Era, who is first dutiful as wife and mother before to her own self. Whenever Torvald gives Nora money, she spends it on her children so that they are not “shabbily dressed” (Act 1). Though she loves her children it is all the more shocking when she leaves them.
In A Doll House, Nora finds herself subordinate to her husband as well as the rules of society. Torvald forbids her from the consumption of macarons, bestows on her an allowance as if she were a child, persuades her to do as he wishes, dance like this, not like that, and she like a “good little lark” obeys his most every will. Her act of courage and independence, illegally taking out a loan to save his life, is seen as wrong in the eyes of society, while she sees it as necessary and forgivable; it is what a good wife should do for her husband.
Ibsen’s character Nora in A Doll’s House, shows gradual development throughout the play to support his theme that above all else, you are human; even in marriage both parties should be given the equal opportunities, rights and respect. While Nora may at first seem happy with her life inside her “doll house”, she begins to recognize that she must find herself, and stop being a toy in the lives of men.
Nora is treated like a child by Torvald, but she is accustomed to it and believes he loves her dearly. However, an important component of a successful and true marriage is trust, which is lacking in the Helmers’ marriage. Nora keeps a secret from Torvald while he is reluctant to trust her with money, let alone his reputation (Ibsen 2, 3, 13). When Torvald discovers that Nora has kept a secret from him, he is furious and takes away her right to raise the children without a second thought (Ibsen 83). However, while Torvald was throwing a fit, Nora comprehends that he has never loved her and that she was forcing herself to believe she loved him (Ibsen 87). Like Nora, Edna knew that she and her husband, Leonce, never loved each other; she thought he was her ticket out of her old life while he thought of her as his possession (Chopin 8, 29). Both Edna and Nora were raised to be obedient wives, but Edna, after her awakening, felt like marriage was “one of the most lamentable spectacles on earth” and did not try to save her marriage (Chopin 100). Love was sometimes not a factor that determined marriage; money and image was usually more preferred.
Women roles have drastically changed since the late 18th and early 19th century. During this time, women did not have the freedom to voice their opinions and be themselves. Today women don’t even have to worry about the rules and limitations like the women had to in this era. Edna in “The Awakening” by Kate Chopin and Nora in “A Doll House” by Henrik Ibsen were analogous protagonists. The trials they faced were also very similar. Edna and Nora were both faced with the fact that they face a repressive husband whom they both find and exit strategy for. For Nora this involved abandoning her family and running away, while Edna takes the option that Nora could not do-committing suicide. These distinct texts both show how women were forced to
In A Doll's House, Henrik Ibsen focuses on the importance of women's roles and freedom in society. Widely regarded as a feminist paean, the play features two major female characters; the most prominent of whom, Nora Helmer, shatters her position as a subservient, doll-like female when she walks out on her husband and children with a flagrant "door slam heard round the world." Nora’s evolution, though inspiring, should not overshadow another crucial woman in the play: Mrs. Kristine Linde. Both women attain freedom in a society dominated by the adherence to conservative marital roles, but do it in different ways. While Nora reaches her consciousness and slams the door on her shackling domicile, Mrs.
In A Doll’s House, Nora is viewed as being selfish, when at the end of the play she leaves her husband but most importantly her children. How could a mother abandon her helpless children? Now in “The Mother”, many seem to agree that she is a heartless woman who aborted her kids and who throughout the poem gloated about stealing their births and their names. Although in comparison, these are two mothers who sacrificed themselves for the good of their children. Two difficult decisions, but the same sacrifice nonetheless.
Henrik Ibsen, in his play “A Dollhouse,” sets the stage and opens the curtain so we can have a front row view of Nora’s life. The time is the nineteenth century, and the critical attitude towards women’s role was one of male dominance. During this time, women were expected to stay at home, take care of the children, and attend to the spouse. Nora, is portrayed by Henrik Ibsen as a toy or a doll, as a child, and as a mother and wife. As we perambulate through Nora’s life we will try to ascertain why the greatest miracle did not happen in her life.
The 19th century was a time of gender inequality in American and in Europe. The men where to work for the family and be the social member of the family. The men were to go out to work and socialize at the bar or at public places with other men. The women were to stay at home and spend their free time not socializing, but maintain the house and doing small jobs around the house. Their jobs included raising the children, cooking and cleaning for the household. During the 19th century the men had a lot of responsibility. Typically men were expected to ‘bring home the bacon’ and be the protector of the family. The problem with Torvald, in “A Doll House”, is he takes his protector role to the extreme.
In Victorian England, “the bourgeoisie has torn away from the family its sentimental veil, and has reduced the family relation to a mere money relation” (Engels). This upper middle class, the bourgeois, was divided into separate spheres determined by their “natural characteristics” such as being male or female (Gender 1). The bourgeois society’s main concern was their outward appearance and materialism while gaining respectability among their social class. A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen, criticizes Victorian bourgeois society and their strict adherence to gender roles. As Nora Helmer walked away from her family, she generated a “door slam heard around the world” (“A Doll’s House” 1).