ALZHEIMERS DISESAE NEUROIMAGING INITIATIVE (ADNI) - A REVIEW OF PAPERS SINCE ITS INCEPTION ASHWANI KUMAR MISHRA 13510025 MSc COGNITIVE SCIENCE INDEPENDENT RESEARCH ABSTRACT 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. ABOUT ALZHEIMERS DISEASE 2 ADNI 2.1 EPIDEMIOLOGY 2.2 MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS OF ADNI 2.3 QUALITY CONTROL 2.4 LONI DATA ARCHIVE 2.5 ADNI- MRI CORE 3. PURPOSE OF MRI 3.1MRI 3.2 MATERIAL AND METHODS IN MRI OF ADNI 4. MULTI ATLAS SELECTION 4.1 REGISTRATION AND SEGMENTATION 4.2 AUTOMATED TEMPORAL LOBE AND HIPPOCAMPAL SEGEMNTATION 4.3 CORTICAL THICKNESS 5. CONCLUSION 6. REFERANCES Abstract The Alzheimer disease neuroimaging initiative is a globally acclaimed work of collaboration among scientists. This provides any researcher either in developed or in the developing part of the world to participate in better understanding Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Since its inception a number of papers have been published with various types of data’s. In this paper I tried to highlight the ADNI work more so dealing with history of ADNI and its data acquisition plus sharing of MRI related images and its methodology. Keywords Alzheimer 's disease, ADNI, Image Processing, Brain Atlas, Magnetic Resonance Imaging 1. Introduction • Alzheimer 's disease (AD) the commonest form of dementia (70 %). It is a complex disease which is characterized by an accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau amyloid fibrils associated with synapse loss and
Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive brain disease which slowly destroys thinking and memory skills. These changes are severe enough to interfere with day to day life. This irreversible disease is the most common cause of dementia amongst the elderly, with an appearance of first symptoms after age 60.
Alzheimer dementia affect around 500,000 in UK, and the most common cause of Dementia. Alzheimer disease is Physical Disease that affect old people Brain. the first Described by German neurologist, Alois Alzheimer. during the course of disease, Protein Plaque and Tangles develop in the Brain structure that leading to the death of Brain cells. the people with Alzheimer also have a shortage of Chemicals that be much important to their Brain which are involved to with the transmission messages.
Alzheimer's disease, first described by the German neurologist Alois Alzheimer, is a physical disease affecting the brain. During the course of the disease, protein 'plaques' and 'tangles' develop in the structure of the brain, leading to the death of brain cells. People
Alzheimer's disease is one of the most common causes of dementia. The term 'dementia' describes a set of symptoms, which can include memory loss, changes in mood and problems with communication and reasoning. These symptoms occur when certain diseases and conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease, damage the brain. Alzheimer's disease could be described as a physical disease affecting the brain. During the course of the disease, protein 'plaques' and 'tangles' develop
Alzheimer’s disease is a brain disorder characterized by a progressive dementia that occurs in middle or late life (Mckhann et al. 1984). Dementia is a term used to describe the decline in mental ability enough to interfere with daily life (Alzheimer’s association, 2016). Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia, negatively impacting memory, thinking, and behavior.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive and fatal form of dementia, frequently seen in the elderly altering their cognition, thought process and behavior. AD is reported in about half of patients that have a dementia diagnosis; one study states that about 10.3% of the population over 65 years is affected by dementia with an increase to almost 50% over the age of 8 (Beattie, 2002). Alzheimer’s disease is not a normal part of the aging process in humans, but rather found in a group of diseases that affect the brain leading to a decline in mental and physical control. AD when diagnosed has a very slow and gradual course, initially affecting the individual’s short term memory (Beattie, 2002). Alzheimer’s disease is the 6th leading cause of death, affecting more than five million people in the United States and is also one of the most common forms of dementia. Dementia can be defined as a disorder of progressive cognitive impairment severe enough to affect daily functions of an individual’s life (Fillit, et al., 2002).
It is a disease that we haven’t cured yet but instead have only come up and still coming up with treatment strategies to alleviate its symptoms. AD was first described in 1906 by a German psychiatrist by the name of Alois Alzheimer whilst he was performing a histophathologic study of his patient’s brain, a patient who had been suffering from dementia. His patient’s brain’s autopsy brought to light the presence of two types of lesions, which are senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. He saw a visible difference in the brain tissue for it was severely damaged by these lesions. Since then, our knowledge of AD’s cellular and molecular alterations has increased and we have come up with various hypotheses for AD that may soon help in developing effective preventative and therapeutic strategies. One of the most prevailing hypotheses that have already leaded to a number of therapeutic approaches is the amyloid cascade hypothesis. Hence, the following essay will explore the pathology of the amyloid cascade hypothesis and the evidence for and against it. It will also touch upon current progress in clinical trials that test the
Dementia, also known as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), is a progressive, chronic, and degenerative. 60% of dementia occurs in people over the age of 65. Dementia causes loss of judgment, memory, change in personality, and visuospatial perception. Severe cognitive impairment can occur over time, as well as physical deterioration and death.
Alzheimer’s is a disease in the brain that affects a person’s memory, thinking, and behavior. It is the most common form of dementia and is common in adults older than 65. More than five million Americans are being affected by Alzheimer’s at this moment. Alzheimer’s comes in three stages; early, middle, and advanced. The disease is caused by the shrinking of the brain due to many risk factors and genetics.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a form of dementia that causes problems with memory, thinking, and behavior. AD typically involves the development of a progressive neuropsychiatric disorder that is characterized by gradual memory impairment, loss of acquired skills and emotional disturbances (Lee, Y. J., Han, S. B., Nam, S. Y., Oh, K. W., & Hong, J. T.). Every 67 seconds an individual in the United States develops AD. AD is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States. There are 5.3 million Americans diagnosed with AD (Latest Alzheimer's Facts and Figures). AD is one of the few degenerative diseases that cannot be prevented, stopped, or cured (Latest Alzheimer's Facts and Figures). Post-mortem examination of the brain of AD patients usually
“What is Alzheimer’s disease (AD)?” Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia that affects an individual’s memory, cognition, and behavior disturbances that ultimately diminishes their quality of life.1-2 Dementia is not a specific disease it is a general term for a variety of symptoms that affect memory and intellectual thinking that causes difficulty in our tasks of daily living.(5) The confusion between these two terms is extraordinary. It’s helpful to think of dementia as the symptom and to think of AD as the cause of that symptom. Although, there are many causes of dementia for the purpose of this paper, Alzheimer’s will be the only one discussed.
Alzheimer’s Disease is a disease of the future. With the growing aged population, this disease, which affects primarily the elderly, will become of increasing relevance to the medical profession. Also, the high frequency of Alzheimer’s, and the high cost in labor, money, and material of caring for its victims shall put considerable burden on the society as a whole. Here, however, these issues are not going to be debated. Instead the pathology of Alzheimer’s will be reviewed to the extent it is known today.
According to Kerr, (2007) AD is largely related to the degeneration of brain weight because plaques and neuro- fibre tangles form, causing inflammation, disrupting neuronal transmission and killing brain tissues. AD is a progressive disease which harms the temporal and parietal brain lobes. This causes memory loss, deterioration of visual spatial skill, complexity in communication, judgement and recognition which in long term, results in death of brain cells (Alzheimer’s Association, 2011).
As mentioned earlier, Alzheimer’s is a memory loss disease and a form of dementia. It is also the most common form of dementia. Studies have proven that it
First, I will describe Alzheimer's disease it is a progressive condition that damages areas of the brain involved in memory, intelligence, judgment, language and behavior. According to Alzheimer’s Association, Alzheimer's disease is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States and more than five million Americans the ages of sixty and older are living with this disease. In two-thousand and twelve, 15.4 million