Case study 2
Kate is a 94 year old lady. She is an energetic and happy person currently living at Northbridge retirement home across the road from AUT. Her health condition deteriorated when she was 87 after a stopover in Singapore in 2007, she says the stopover changed her condition completely which gave her breathlessness, and made it difficult for her to walk long distances as she feels restricted. She sees the general practitioner every 3 months to get repeat blood pressure prescriptions, and is on a number of medications. Kate enjoys participating in rowing and has won a gold medal in a competition. Based on the current information given to us the main impairments, activity limitations, participation restrictions and environmental factors are listed below.
Impairments
Breathlessness – Restricts her from walking long distances, it started in 2007 changing after a stopover in Singapore.
Balance – Loss of hearing in one ear caused her to have a difficult time balancing on one leg.
Activity limitations
Driving – Does not drive as it is costly to maintain.
Walking – Since she feels restricted because of her breathlessness she does not walk long distances.
Environmental factors
Family – Help her to get to places
Participation restrictions
Transport – requires other people for transport such as to competitions and to shopping.
Spirometry
ICF domain: Impairments
As Kate has a problem with her breathlessness a spirometry test was chosen. A spirometry test measures the flow
Hi Roseann. Good Job. Your Unit 7 Initial Post is very informative. Her verbal report of fatigue, bilateral lower lobe crackles, skin is cool to touch, +2 edema in bilateral ankles, and heart rate of 112 are signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure. Her medical history of high blood pressure and coronary artery disease could also lead to heart failure. My focus would be is to teach her with CHF symptom management and to prevent exacerbation. To avoid hospitalization I would educate and give her a list of preventable measures such as avoiding salts, measuring her weight every morning, and fluid restrictions. I would advise S.P to notify her doctor with weight gain over 2 pounds. Medication compliance is also important in managing her
Shallow breathing and pain altered this patient’s comfort. Therefore, one of the nursing diagnoses can be stated as “Breathing Pattern, Ineffective r/t pain and anxiety, as evidenced by respiratory depth changes" (Ackley & Ladwig p. 175). We briefly discussed the specifics of incentive spirometry use before initiating the intervention. After return demonstration, the patient was ready to use his incentive spirometer.
as she can. To aid her in this regard, Margaret begins light physical therapy three times per
Moving forward, if Lysbet's heart scan is clear, another possibility for the chest tightness and shortness of breath is that of asthma. She had normal lung function tests with us, but I have suggested that if the heart test was clear, she could trial some Ventolin to see if she has any symptomatic benefit and if so, perhaps even an extended trial of an inhaled corticosteroid.
As Mrs B has diminished mobility we have to make sure she gets enough exercise and movement so she doesn’t get stiff, so it’s important that she goes for small assisted walks in the ward. Mrs B has a healthy appetite and likes to choose her own meals.
There is no problem in her breathing at this time, but eventually there may be shortness in breath which
Mrs. Harris is suffering from pulmonary edema. This is when there is an abnormal amount of extra water in the lungs. The lymphatic system is what keep the drainage and balance of hydrostatic pressure stabilized. (Marieb & Hoehn, 2013) Usually pulmonary edema is caused by congestive heart failure, which is commonly referred to Left heart failure. Heart failure is defined as the pathophysiologic condition in which the heart is unable to generate an adequate cardiac output. (McCance & Huether, 2014) Some symptoms of pulmonary edema include, leg swelling, crackles in lungs (rales), and shortness of breath. (Chen, 2015) Mrs. Harris has all of these symptoms plus a few more.
The central theme, in Kate the Great by Meg Cabot, Jenny realizes things are not always as they appear. Jenny looks up to Kate as a role model because Jenny thinks she is popular in high school and Jenny doesn't realize she is lying. In the story, Patrick tells Jenny that Kate does not having many friends. Then Jenny said “this surprised me. About Kate not having many friends” (Cabot,44).
Nadine was seen today following her cardiopulmonary exercise test. This did show reduced exercise tolerance with respiratory compromise. There was also possibly a cardiac compromise, but significant ECG changes and this can also be seen in lack of fitness. Moving forward with this, I do not think that she has a significant cardiac issue given that she had a negative stress myocardial perfusion scan in February of this year and a normal echocardiogram in the last month or two. It therefore appears that he breathlessness is from a combination of factors including her COPD, weight and lack of fitness. As such, moving forward I have discussed her continuing on with her puffers and I did check her puffer technique again today and it is good.
She has felt out of breath and so cannot do this for a long time without feeling the need to rest at frequent periods. This is caused by Anemia which means there is less blood flow to the brain. Anaemia is something that occurs when one has kidney failure. This can cause a build-up of fluid in the lungs; a low oxygen count in your body can be the main symptom of this. As a result of this it meant that Rachel was feeling cold all of the time and often burnt herself in the bath or on a hot water bottle. This has affected her quality of life because it caused her pain and discomfort which should not occur on an everyday basis.
Try to get the person you are caring for to stay active. Walking or riding a stationary bike is a great way to keep up strength. Be sure to check with their doctor regarding the use of oxygen while exercising.
She does not want to take her shoes off when she weighs and something is abnormal about her blood pressure.
This is the first time Kate and Matt meet one of the mysterious creatures described in the diary of Kate’s grandfather. It is a very critical moment in the storyline because the main characters get in all sorts of trouble due to this creature. In addition to this, Kate is finally able to prove to Matt that her grandfather was not hallucinating or making up the creatures. Not only does the creature do all of this, it also brings Matt and Kate closer due to all the weird circumstances they are both put in in order to try to find a way to hide the creature from the rest of the crew. In a way, the whole second half of the book revolves completely around things that happen in the plot because of this creature, and it can be called one of the main
Imagine a world where 65 million people had a disorder that causes painful seizures that can happen at any moment. Well that's the world we live in, and the disorder is called epilepsy. Epilepsy is a disorder that cannot be cured, but can be treated, although most treatments don't work as well as medical marijuana. Medical marijuana should be used to treat epilepsy. We have all the research and knowledge to know how it will affect the patient in positive ways.
In order for Daisy to have a successful recovery I would encourage her to attend cardiac rehabilitation programs actively, as they not only can be beneficial for her health but also she could enjoy that social aspect of these programs, being able to talk to someone experiencing the same difficulties. It is also essential for me to advocate a healthy lifestyle and set nutrition goals, as these will ultimately reduce the risk of further cardiac risks (National prescribing service, 2011). This ultimately would depend on whether Daisy could afford these services and the transportation to them, if not then look at alternate options for her.