The 9/11 commission clearly identified a problem with communication between the Intelligence Community and State and Local Law Enforcement which resulted in a new edict (from the IRTPA) of Information Sharing yet clearance levels and accesses quickly became an issue in disseminating information to those with a need to know. To help bridge this gap, the Homeland Security Act of 2002 was passed to crate the DHS by bringing 22 under its umbrella with a primary mission of protecting the homeland from terrorism (Blum, 2010). To do so, DHS’s key mission is to collect, analyze, and disseminate key/related information and share it with the IC and nontraditional partners (state/local governments as well as the private sector) (Blum, 2010). Likewise, …show more content…
All these activities seem like a step in the right direction; however, according to Baggett and Collins, there isn’t any overarching architecture to support such information sharing or to create and maintain relationships with those needing the information – specifically the private sector (2010). Basically, the system should incorporate processes and procedures for ensuring the appropriate entities receive information pertinent to them at the appropriate classification levels. Likewise, Werther suggests fusion center analysts, limited in number, are responsible for sifting through a ton of information that could slow down the process (Werther, 2010). I thought Collins idea to create “sector” specialists was a good concept but I believe they should be recruited from the state, local, tribal, and private sectors DHS is trying to reach in order to bring with them knowledge of what the entity is lacking and how their operations work. As for an RFI process, this is an age old process that would, in my opinion, delay the receipt of information. Just like all these other entities, state and local Law Enforcement have a need for intelligence that should be shared and could be done with dedicated analysts and automated systems designed to help filter out unnecessary information. The system should pull from other police databases and should be fed with intelligence that could assist in solving, predicting or preventing criminal
This paper will discuss how certain factors should be analyzed for both written and visual sources in consideration of use as a historical work. It will address the following major points when contemplating using a particular source while researching a topic. When to analyzing a written or visual document, a historian must analyze the author of the document. Historians must also realize that authors make certain choices when creating either visual or written sources, and this serves as another point of analysis. The general public may see written documents or visual sources (photographs in particular) as free of bias, but these documents often convey a particular point of view.
On September 11, 2001 America was blindsided with 4 terrorist attacks from Islamic group, al Qaeda this is what is known as one of the most tragic event this country has faced. This horrific day could have been prevented if the government and special forces would have followed the patterns and been more open minded about terrorism. This is why the commission report took place so we can be prepared for anything that comes any one that tries to attack.
Critics in the favor of keeping the wall have mainly focused on privacy grounds but have not paid serious attention to the impact the Wall might have on the national security. Despite strong evidence from the 9/11 report that the wall has contributed to the intelligence failure that resulted in the 9/11 attacks. The need to remove the wall is crucial to the public safety. The 9/11 report suggested that since the criminal investigators were not aware of the status or the content of intelligence investigations, they did not know what significance to attach to the targets of criminal investigations. To illustrate the fact, the report pointed out the following: Two of the September 11 hijackers resided with an FBI informant. However, the FBI’s law enforcement personnel were not aware of the
Today there is information sharing between agencies at the local and national levels; resources and staff are shared, bringing together individuals from various law enforcement and criminal justice agencies, FBI and the Joint Terrorism Task Force.
September 11, 2001 was a day that everyone who was old enough to remember will remember for the rest of their lives. I was in the fourth grade when the World Trade Centers were crashed into. I remember our principal coming on the intercom and saying that we were not allowed to turn our televisions on. I did not understand the magnitude of the situation until I got home and my parents explained it to me. I remember that every plane I saw over my head scared me and I was afraid that a plane was going to be crashed into my home or school. The general population reaction to the attack was that of hysteria and worry. People were afraid of flying. People also feared that this was only the precursor to an even bigger attack that was being planned on the United States. The public wanted someone to blame for the incident and they wanted to know why the government had not prevented the attack if they had been given intelligence that an attack might happen. The years leading up to this terrible day in history were full of tough decisions. No one can say that the government was not interested in terrorism at all. They had small departments in the FBI and CIA that looked at and interpreted terrorism related intelligence. The decisions the government had to make changed the United States forever. There was not one factor that defined how the government dealt with terrorism collectively. The government had to take into account not only the actions to take against
The “need to know” system is an outdated and inefficient way of sharing information, both within a single agency and when it comes to interagency cooperation. The “need to share” system is a much more logical way to go about disseminating intelligence of all variations. The “need to share” system theoretically mandates the interagency sharing of information that is pertinent to national security , and operational success, thus paving the way for much more efficient operations between the Department of Defense, Department of Homeland Security (DHS), as well as other federal law enforcement and intelligence agencies. If I were in charge of the DHS I would put into effect a long term interagency liaison program, that would be aimed at the sharing
The events of September 11, which are partly associated with errors in the work of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), raised the issue of reforming the agency both in the countries of the old democracy and in the countries of the new democracy. Most of the discussions about reforming the work of the special services in the fight against terrorism are reduced to the exchange of information between the structures of power. However, it is only by understanding the nature of the tasks of the special services in combating terrorism that it is possible to develop the necessary "architecture" or organizational structure suitable for the solution of the task. The task of the special services at this stage
The Department of Homeland Security is liable for establishing the safety and defense of the U.S. from terrorism and natural disasters. In the wake of the September 11, 2001 attacks on America by terrorists, Department of Homeland Security’s main concern has been on federal measures to prevent terrorism attacks and handle other crisis situations. When the Department of Homeland Security was created it had four goals: to diminish America’s vulnerability to terrorism by securing the borders, minimizing the damage and speed the recovery from attacks that happen to occur, to develop technologies devices to detect terrorism and to share all intelligence gathered from all federal agencies (Haulley, 2006). These four
The devastating events of 9/11 provided a forewarning to our country concerning the dangers of terrorism. However, it has created a particularly greater impact on the duties and standards expected of law enforcement agencies on all levels (local, state, and national). Law enforcement has begun implementing new tactics in an effort to prevent future terrorist attacks from threatening our national security. One aspect of policing in which terrorism has brought about is the process of information sharing between all levels of law enforcement. Our nation has also witnessed a change from traditional policing to that of a militarized one. Furthermore, after the incidents of September 11th, the
In the past sixteen years the United States has seen significant changes to the national policies that protect the population and its critical infrastructure. Two main agencies that arose from the 911 Attacks were the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and the Department of Homeland Defense (HLD). These two agencies are responsible for protecting countless potential terrorist targets, millions of citizens, and the thousands of miles of U.S boarders. How can two government agencies protect so many assets? This paper will explore the two agencies and identify key roles, responsibilities, resources, and operations. It will highlight the efforts shared between the two agencies and provide the authors own definition of the DHS. Lastly, this paper will identify our nation’s critical infrastructure and how it intertwines with the DHS and HLD, by discussing the resources needed to operate successfully.
The report of the "Strategies to improve the Department of Homeland Security, United States" has been presented to President of the United States of America by Director of National Intelligence, in accordance with Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act (IRTPA) of 2004 (Office of the Director of National Intelligence 2012). This report reflects the important steps that can be taken to improve the intelligence of Department of Homeland Security. This report will help the Department of Homeland Security to improve the functions of Intelligence and Analysis (I&A) required by the department.
agency. Given the complexity of both the intelligence and law enforcement communities and their many overlapping jurisdictions, it was inevitable that key information would slip through the cracks between agencies. The inability to analyze and link critical information across (or even within an agency) is referred to as linkage blindness and will be a major theme throughout this book. In part, the Homeland Security Act of 2002, the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001, and its reauthorization in 2005 were executive and legislative responses to the problem of linkage blindness by organizing diffuse and autonomous law enforcement agencies and strengthening the government’s abilities to obtain information. Stephen Flynn (2001) provides a useful illustration of this critical law enforcement problem, referring to the arrival of a hypothetical ship with questionable cargo and a crew on an intelligence watch list for potential terrorist ties:
Intelligence collection and apprehension of criminals have occurred for many years; however, with the exception of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, these actions were performed by different organizations. Nonetheless, roles and responsibilities have changed since the attacks on September 11, 2001. Intelligence-led policing and the National Criminal Intelligence Sharing program were incorporated, and fusion centers were established to help gather intelligence from different levels of the government. Although law enforcement at the local, state, and tribal levels aid in intelligence collection, it is important to ensure that intelligence gathered to protect national security and law enforcement
After the September 11th terrorist attacks on U.S soil many gaps were identified in our domestic and international intelligence programs. An internal Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) investigation revealed that CIA Task Forces failed to share information with the FBI about two suspected terrorists, Nawaf al-Hazmi and Khalid al-Mihdhar, as they entered the United States (9/11 Commission Report). The U.S Intelligence Community is made up of 15 different agencies, offices, and organizations within the Executive branch. There are 8 components in the Department of Defense, two in the department of Homeland Security, and one in each of the separate State, Energy, Treasury, and Justice departments, and one independent agency, the CIA (COICUS,
On september 11,2001, terrorist attacked new york.On this day about 3,000 people died and there was about 400 police and firefighters were serving to help protect the people.This day was one of the scariest. Since this day there have been dozens of terrorist attacks.People all over the world were surprised that this had happened. Everyone was trying there best to help out and keep everyone calm. In different countries people stood shoulder to shoulder to help out.