Physics I - Motion I Lab
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Physics I - Motion 1 Lab
Student: Havana Perez
Partner: Medha Namala
Section 024
Lab Date: 09/21/23
Due date: 09/28/23
Objective: What are you trying to accomplish, observe, or verify by doing this experiment? The objective of this experiment is to measure one-dimensional motion using
the motion sensor and analyze the relationship between the position, velocity, and acceleration of an object moving in one dimension. Another aim
is to successfully learn how to utilize Capstone for the motion sensor and how to properly run MatchGraph to analyze position vs. time and velocity vs. time graphs. Description. What does the apparatus look like and what happens? A diagram might be illuminating. The motion sensor apparatus is set up on a metal rod that is clamped onto a table. This sensor detects the distance an object is from the motion sensor by using sound waves. The sensor sends out short pulses traveling at the speed of sound with a sample rate of 20 Hz, meaning that 20 snapshots of the object’s position are taken per second. It also detects the sound wave reflections and measures the time it takes for each pulse to be reflected. In addition to the motion sensor, two PASCO software programs, Capstone and MatchGraph, are utilized to further analyze the one-dimensional motion of the object, which in this experiment is a notebook. The Capstone digits are utilized to measure the ping echo time and calculate the distance, velocity, and acceleration of the notebook while the MatchGraph software compares the experimenter’s motion to a set graph to test the accuracy of the match in terms of position, velocity, and acceleration.
Theory. The guiding principles of mathematics are pertinent to the experiment. An object’s motion can be described by its position relative to a reference point, the speed and direction with which it is traveling, and the changes to its rate of motion. In other words, the position, velocity, and acceleration of an object are necessary to accurately describe the object’s motion. To measure the position, sound waves are emitted in short pulses that are reflected when it meets the notebook and the distance at which the sound wave is reflected indicates the position
of the notebook. Velocity, or the change in position over time, is measured by taking multiple snapshots of the notebook’s position per second as the notebook is moved towards and away from the motion sensor. The acceleration, or the change in velocity over time, of the notebook is calculated by the Capstone software by differentiating velocity. Once all the measurements are obtained, a motion graph describing the notebook’s motion is generated and reveals critical mathematical concepts about one-dimensional motion. For example, the slope of a position vs. time graph corresponds to the velocity of an object because the slope depicts the change in position over time which is the formal definition of velocity; similarly, acceleration corresponds to the slope of a velocity vs. time graph. The mathematical proof through motion graphs demonstrates that position, velocity, and acceleration are all critical for describing the notebook’s
motion as they are dependent on each other. Procedure. In experimenting, what actions do you take?
Part I
1.
Set up Capstone and connected the interface to the computer
2.
Spent a couple of minutes navigating the Capstone software a.
My partner and I followed the instructions provided in the pre-lab description
3.
Prepared the Capstone display to include the Digits box
4.
Ran a trial run for measuring position and double-checked that Capstone was working properly.
a.
My partner and I verified that Capstone was accurately calculating the distance
5.
Proceeded to measure position and velocity under various conditions (i.e., altering the motion of the notebook)
6.
Tested who had the steadiest hand amongst our lab group by holding the notebook steady at 1.1 meters from the motion sensor.
Part II
1.
Set up the Motion Graph Matching software on PASCO Capstone.
2.
Removed the black motion sensor and set up the blue motion sensor by plugging it into a passport and positioning it to have more space to perform the graph-matching experiment.
3.
Matched the notebook’s motion to position graph #1 and velocity graph #1.
4.
Unmounted blue sensor and remounted black motion sensor.
Data And Calculations.
You should include your original data sheets, but feel free to generate new tables that contain the original data sheets and new calculations.
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Instructions
Timed Test
This test has a time limit of 30 minutes.This test will save and submit autornatically whe
Wamings appear when half the time, 5 minutes, 1 minute, and 30 seconds remain.
Multiple Attempts Not allowed. This test can only be taken once.
Force Completion This test can be saved and resumed at any point until time has expired. The timer will cc
Remaining Time: 20 minutes, 53 seconds.
A Question Completion Status:
1
4.
A Moving to another question will save this response.
Question 2
"If the voltage is increased, then the electrical energy will be (keeping Resistance and time duration fixed)"
O Increased
O Decreased
O Same
O None of these
A Moving to another question will save this response.
Take Test: FL21_Phy.
FUJITSU
F6
F7
F8
F9
F10
F11
F12
Prt Scr
Sys Rq
ECO
&
6.
7
V
9
Y!
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v (m/s)
3
t(s)
0123
11
-2
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200mRace
250
200
150
Sarah
- Hasib
100
50
10
15
20
25
30
Time (seconds)
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2. How does the line of the faster runner compare to the line of the slower
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