A1

Test 1 3 parts. Test is graded out of 40 points (20% of your grade).  Identify the types of definitions used (e.g. lexical or reportive, stipulative, ostensive, denotative, analytic, operational, persuasive) (1 each for 10 points in total)  “ Spilling the tea ” means gossiping among contemporary American youth. Answer: Lexical  An atomic bomb is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from nuclear reaction. Answer: Denotative  A just court decision is any court decision that when it is made, neither the prosecution nor the defence objects to it. Answer: Stipulative  A scientist means Galileo, Copernicus, Lavoisier, Newton, Currie, Einstein… Answer: Ostensive  For the purposes of this essay, a friend is anyone who exhibits loyalty to another person. Answer: Stipulative  What is a baseball? That thing over there is a baseball. Answer:Ostensive  A lawyer is defender of the weak and the downtrodden Answer: Persuasive  I will call “ a lawyer ” any individua wearing a suite valued over 5000 dollars. Answer: Stipulative  A lawyer is a person who guides and assists people in matters relating to the law. Answer: Lexical  A good stand-up performance is a performance that when it is delivered people laugh.

Answer: Operational  In the following essential definitions, identify (highlight in bold) genus and (underline) differentia. Evaluate the definitions for the adequacy of scope, explaining whether it is adequate, too broad, too narrow or both. For a grade, you must provide justification for your answer and illustrate it with examples. Answer that simply state “ too narrow ” or “ too broad ” will not be given a grade. (3 points each for 15 points in total)  “ Logical argument is any coherent set of statements expressing disagreement between two individuals ” Answer (state narrow, broad, or adequate): Explain (justify with concrete examples): Too narrow. Definition limits the meaning to just a "disagreement between two individuals" whereas a logical argument can have various types of reasoning. For example, "showing your work" in math could also be considered a logical argument even though it does not include a disagreement between two individuals.  “ A lamp is any electrical device emitting light ” Answer (state narrow, broad, or adequate): Explain (justify with concrete examples): Adequate. This definition successfully captures the essence of a lamp as it clearly states it is any electrical device that can emit light. For example, turning on your bedroom lamp would emit light and therefore be considered as a lamp.  “ Studying means devoting of time and attention to acquiring knowledge on an academic subject by means of books. ” Answer (state narrow, broad, or adequate): Explain (justify with concrete examples): Adequate. Clearly indicates the essential elements of studying. For example, in exam periods students allocate alot of their time on understanding and practicing from textbooks, especially in subjects like math.  “ Exercise is a physical activity that has impact on personal health, carried out for a specific goal . ” Answer (state narrow, broad, or adequate): Explain (justify with concrete examples):

 (1)The teacher ’ s union will strike . (2) Either we build a new university library, or we increase the instructor ’ s wages . (3) We cannot increase the wages because then the student enrollment will fall . (4)So, we will need to spend money on the library.(5) But if we spend the money on the library, the teacher ’ s union will strike . (3 points)

 (1)Euthanasia should not be legalized . (2) Introducing euthanasia will allow old or ill people who feel they are a burden to their families to kill themselves out of guilt even though they might want to live . (3)Hence, such choice is against he will of the person. (4) But since we must not allow the people to be coerced into killing themselves, euthanasia should not be legalized . (3 points)