Unit 3 Scholarly Activity

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Columbia Southern University *

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6302

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Industrial Engineering

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Apr 3, 2024

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Sampling Methods Thomas Rios Columbia Southern University OSH 6302 Advanced Industrial Hygiene Danielle Reid 9.30.2023

Now that I have completed my initial review of Acme Automotive Parts operations and safety data sheets(SDS), I have determined that I will be sampling for hazards in the welding area, paint area and the metal working fluids area as well as sampling for noise in different areas of the plant. In the welding area we will be sampling for Manganese fumes using the NIOSH 7302 method. The sampling media we will be using with the NIOSH 7302 method is a filter comprised of a mixed cellulose ester membrane(MCE) that is 37 mm in diameter and has a pore size of 0.8 um(NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, Fifth Edition). The flow rate we will be sampling at is 2 L/min after calibrating each personal sampling pump with a representative sampler connected to the pump. I feel collecting personal samples will give us more accurate data as to how much of this hazard the employees are exposed to compared to sampling an area. When using a flow rate of 4 L /min and using the equations below, we can calculate the required time for sampling PEL - 5mg/m3 Limit of Detection for Method - 0.02 μg Flow Rate - 4 L/min 5mg/m3 = (0.00002 mg)/[Volume required (L)](1 m3/1,000L) Volume required (L) = (0.00002 mg)/[(5 mg/m3)(1 m3/1,000L)] Volume required (L) = (0.00002 mg)/(0.005mg/L) Volume required (L) = 0.004(L) (0.004L)/(4L/min) =0.001min. 0.001 min With the use of capped digestion containers, the use of other acids such as perchloric acids in combination with nitric acid should be avoided as this combination could result in a violent reaction. There are no special requirements for shipping and storage. For the paint area, the hazard that has me concerned is Toluene which affects the central nervous system(OSHA.gov). We will be conducting personal sampling using the OSHA 111 method at a flow rate of 50 ml/min for a max time of 240 min. or less. Personal samples are taken with personal sampling pumps that have been calibrated with sampling devices attached. The personal samples are collected by drawing air with a personal pump as close to the workers breathing zone using glass tubes packed with two sections of coconut shell charcoal and analyzed by gas chromatography using a flame ionization detector. Personal samples are used to evaluate the hazard risk associated with personal

exposure. To calculate the minimum sampling time required, use the recommended air volume 12 L (OSHA 111) at the flowrate for 8-hour 50 ppm (ACGIH 8-hour TWA TLV) to find: PEL - 50 ppm Molecular weight of compound - 92.14 Limit of Detection for Method - 95.5 μg/m3 Flow Rate - 50 mL/min Convert PEL to mg/m3 (50 ppm)(92.14) = (X mg/m3)(24.45) X = 188.43 mg/m3 188.43 mg/m3 = (0.0955 mg)/[Volume required (L)](1 m3/1,000L) Volume required (L) = [(0.0955 mg)/(188.43 mg/m3)]/(1 m3/1,000L) Volume required (L) = (0.000506819509 m3)/(0.001mg/L) Volume required (L) = 0.506819509 L While Toluene itself is not affected by any compounds, Toluene is usually used with other solvent in the workplace that may be susceptible to being soluble in water. There are no special storage or shipment requirements. For metal working fluids hazard I sampled thoracic particles using a filter + cyclone with a 37- mm PTFE that has a 2-µm pore size membrane filter and PTFE supporting pad in 37-mm cassette filter holder at a flow rate of 1.6L/min as described in NMAM for method 5524. Calibration for each personal pump is achieved an in line representative sampler. Calibration of the weighing equipment is also imperative following National Institute of Standards and Technology Class S-1.1 or ASTM Class 1 weights for accurate data. Another important issue to pay attention to is ensuring to collect samples away from welding fumes as these fumes will invalidate the results. When calculating the minimum required sampling time of 0.5 mg/m3 (10-hour TWA REL) using the recommended air volume of 768L (NIOSH 5524) the result is: PEL - 0.4 mg/m3 Limit of Detection for Method - 0.05 mg Flow Rate - 2 L/min 0.4 mg/m3 = ( 0.05 mg)/[Volume required (L)](1 m3/1,000L) Volume required (L) = (0.05 mg)/[(0.4 mg/m3)(1 m3/1,000L)] Volume required (L) = 125 (L) (125 L)/(2L/min) = 62.5 min Samples should be refrigerated while in transit and once received at lab and tested within two weeks of being received. Testing for noise hazards I would like to focus on high pitched noises such as the ones that come from air leaks. I will be using a dosimeter that can be attached to the worker for an 8-hour period to measure the noise levels in their immediate personal hearing zone. Calibrating the dosimeter is completed per the manufacturer's instructions. Noise samples will be taken in all areas of the facility that requires the use of air powered tools and equipment.

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References OSHA. (1998, April). Toluene Analytical Method 111. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. https://www.osha.gov/sites/default/files/methods/osha-111.pdf NMAM. (2014, July 21). ELEMENTS by ICP (Microwave Digestion) 7302. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2014-151/pdfs/methods/7302.pd

Unit 3 Scholarly Activity

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