3.2.3 Extinction Virtual Handout_AM.docx

Introduction to Geoscience: Earth, Wind, and Fire NAME: ______________________________________________ Adapted from ASU’s ETX Center and NASA’s Dino Doom lesson materials. Retrieved October 16 th , 2020, from https://etx.asu.edu/documents/lessons/dino-doom/educator-docs/lesso n/Dino_Doom_Formal_HS_Lesson.pdf Investigation: Dino Doom This activity is adapted from Arizona State University’s Education Through eXploration Center Dino Doom lesson and NASA materials. Introduction: In this investigation, you will explore locations around the world to collect information about the Cretaceous - Paleogene (K-Pg) Mass Extinction event, which resulted in the end of the dinosaurs ~66 million years ago! You will take this knowledge and build a working model to explain how mass extinction events affect the evolution of life on Earth. This investigation uses the virtual field trip “Dinosaur Doom”. There are six sections to the field trip that include videos, 360-degree views of the geological formations, and interactive questions to guide your discovery. The questions below correspond to each section of the field trip, in the order each section is presented. At the end of the activity, there are additional questions that will require you to apply your new knowledge. Part I: Virtual Field Trip To begin, click on the virtual field trip link above and click on the blue "Start Lesson" button. Be sure to read the instructions in the upper left corner of the field trip for tips, tricks, and questions that will guide your journey. Meet the Team! Before we begin our journey, meet the research team who will be guiding us along the way. When you are ready to move on, click the blue 'Next' button. Section 1: Story of Fossils ( The Past ) 1. Describe the rocks around Gubbio, Italy that hold clues to the K-Pg Mass Extinction event. In what type of environment did they form? 2. Describe how the types and abundance of fossils change in the layers of rock at Gubbio. 3. Describe how relative age dating is applied to the fossil record. GEO 302E | 1

Introduction to Geoscience: Earth, Wind, and Fire NAME: ______________________________________________ Adapted from ASU’s ETX Center and NASA’s Dino Doom lesson materials. Retrieved October 16 th , 2020, from https://etx.asu.edu/documents/lessons/dino-doom/educator-docs/lesso n/Dino_Doom_Formal_HS_Lesson.pdf 4. Use the graph to explain how forams evolved as a result of the impact. Section 2: Origin of Iridium ( Outcrop Composition ) 1. Explain what these graphs represent. 2. Describe iridium levels you found in Zumaia, Spain, Stevns Klint, Denmark, and Hell Creek, USA. 3. What was the purpose of calculating the ratio of iridium AT the boundary vs AWAY from the boundary? GEO 302E | 2

Introduction to Geoscience: Earth, Wind, and Fire NAME: ______________________________________________ Adapted from ASU’s ETX Center and NASA’s Dino Doom lesson materials. Retrieved October 16 th , 2020, from https://etx.asu.edu/documents/lessons/dino-doom/educator-docs/lesso n/Dino_Doom_Formal_HS_Lesson.pdf Section 3: Finding the diameter of the Asteroid 1. What are the steps Max used to find the diameter of the crater, which may have been responsible for the extinction event at the KPg boundary? a. b. c. d. e. f. g. Section 4: Locating the Crater 1. Circle all of the locations that are possible impact sites based on the diameter of the crater? 2. Which crater is the most likely candidate based on its age? 3. What is the significance of the Hvar Breccia found in Croatia? Section 5: Mass Extinction 1. Describe the characteristics that enabled organisms to survive the extinction event. GEO 302E | 3

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Introduction to Geoscience: Earth, Wind, and Fire NAME: ______________________________________________ Adapted from ASU’s ETX Center and NASA’s Dino Doom lesson materials. Retrieved October 16 th , 2020, from https://etx.asu.edu/documents/lessons/dino-doom/educator-docs/lesso n/Dino_Doom_Formal_HS_Lesson.pdf 2. Describe the characteristics of organisms that went extinct or were dramatically impacted by the changing environment. 3. Why were mammals able to evolve and “inherit the Earth”? Section 6: Adaptation and Recovery 1. Compare and contrast the organisms observed in Hell Creek above and below the boundary. GEO 302E | 4

Introduction to Geoscience: Earth, Wind, and Fire NAME: ______________________________________________ Adapted from ASU’s ETX Center and NASA’s Dino Doom lesson materials. Retrieved October 16 th , 2020, from https://etx.asu.edu/documents/lessons/dino-doom/educator-docs/lesso n/Dino_Doom_Formal_HS_Lesson.pdf 2. In terms of life on Earth, why is this boundary significant? Part II: Summary 1. Construct an explanation for the effects of the impact on the carrying capacity of the global ecosystem and the natural selection that resulted from the limited resources. GEO 302E | 5

Introduction to Geoscience: Earth, Wind, and Fire NAME: ______________________________________________ Adapted from ASU’s ETX Center and NASA’s Dino Doom lesson materials. Retrieved October 16 th , 2020, from https://etx.asu.edu/documents/lessons/dino-doom/educator-docs/lesso n/Dino_Doom_Formal_HS_Lesson.pdf 2. Write a general statement that could be used to determine if other mass extinctions have occurred in Earth’s history. Explain why your statement would is appropriate. 3. Consider your general statement and investigate other potential mass extinctions in Earth’s history. How many mass extinctions has Earth experienced? Explain whether your statement holds true for the other instances. GEO 302E | 6

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