ET212_Week 3 Lab_IngramJ

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ET212

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Electrical Engineering

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Jan 9, 2024

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Jason Ingram GID: G00151729 Lab 3: Bridge Rectifier Grantham University Date: 11/5/2023

Introduction: The purpose of this week’s lab is to build a circuit that is based on week 2 lab and to expand upon it and add a bridge rectifier. After the lab has been built, we will compare the circuit using a capacitor and without the capacitor. We will be running three different simulations, the first is output voltage, peak- to-peak ripple voltage, and ripple frequency. At the end of the lab, we will be answering the following review questions:  Compare a bridge rectifier circuit with full-wave rectifier center-tapped circuit which you did in Lab 2. Which circuit has the higher output voltage?  Explain how you could measure the ripple frequency to determine if a diode was open in a bridge rectifier circuit.  What is the maximum DC voltage you could expect to obtain from a transformer with a 3 Vrms secondary using a bridge circuit with a filter capacitor? Equipment/Components:  Multisim  30/3 Vrms center-tapped transformer  2 Diodes 1N4001  2 resistors (Set at 2.2kΩ)  1 100µF, 50V electrolytic capacitor  1 Fuse  Tektronix Oscilloscope  Agilent Multimeter  Agilent Function Generator Procedure: The first part of the lab is to construct a bridge rectifier circuit that is shown in the lab directions using Multisim. The circuit will be using a 5% tolerance. Once the lab is built to direction, use the function generator to provide the V AC and run the simulation. The next step of the lab is to use the multimeter to measure the rms and then the oscilloscope to measure the peak-to-peak of the output voltage without the capacitor. Once the data for this part has been gathered and tabled, add the capacitor, and run the simulation again for the peak-to-peak and the ripple frequency, table this data as well and compare the results between both simulations. After the data has been gathered for the capacitors, choose one of the diodes of the bridge and open it, run the simulation, and explain what happens to the output voltage, the ripple voltage, and the ripple frequency. Once the lab has been run and meet all the requirements, investigate what happens to the load resistor using the 2.2kΩ with the 5% tolerance in parallel with R L ∧ C 1 in the full-wave circuit. Gather all screenshots for all steps of the lab.

Calculations: V p ( OUT ) = 30 v 0.707 V p ( OUT ) = 42.43 V p Circuit design: Circuit without a capacitor and diode closed: Circuit with the capacitor and diode closed:

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Bridge rectifier with second resistor in parallel: Execution/Results: Circuit without a capacitor and diode closed:

Circuit with the capacitor and diode closed: Bridge rectifier with second resistor in parallel: Analysis: Without the capacitor With the capacitor Diode open Output load voltage 1.4V 2.97V 2.91V Peak-to-peak ripple voltage 3.13V 98.4mV 194mV Ripple frequency 100Hz 100Hz 50Hz The results of the lab came to the same conclusion and met all expectations. The results did not show any significant differences then what was expected before running the lab or making calculations. When adding the bridge rectifier, there was a higher efficiency when using both the primary and secondary transformer.  Compare a bridge rectifier circuit with full-wave rectifier center-tapped circuit which you did in Lab 2. Which circuit has the higher output voltage?

The conclusion of this lab is that adding the bridge rectifier has a higher output voltage than it did without the bridge.  Explain how you could measure the ripple frequency to determine if a diode was open in a bridge rectifier circuit. To tell if the diode is open, you must measure the input and output frequency. If the measurement is equal then the diode is open, the circuit shows a half-wave rectifier.  What is the maximum DC voltage you could expect to obtain from a transformer with a 3 Vrms secondary using a bridge circuit with a filter capacitor? The maximum DC voltage that is expected is 4.24V. Conclusion: The lab ran successfully. The results of the lab were as expected. I went into this lab not fully understanding the lab or what a bridge rectifier really does, but at the end of the lab I was able to understand it, along with the effects of adding a capacitor and additional resistance. When adding a bridge, the transformer does not need to be grounded, however the bridge is able to use its full potential of the primary and secondary windings of the transformer that is being used. When this is done, it produces better output with a higher efficiency rating.

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